Pavement Recycling Technology for Highways in Japan 1. History of Pavement Recycling in Japan 1.1...
Transcript of Pavement Recycling Technology for Highways in Japan 1. History of Pavement Recycling in Japan 1.1...
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Pavement Recycling Technology for Highways in Japan
Presented at 1st ICTI 2008
April 24, 2008
Beijing, China
Hisashi Hosokawa CEO, Green ARM Co .,Ltd
Tokyo, Japan
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ContentsContents
1. History of Pavement Recycling in Japan
2. From Construction to Maintenance
3. Pavement Distress and Rehabilitation Method
4. Hot In-place Rehabilitation
5. Need for Porous Asphalt Pavement Recycling
6. Conclusion
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1. History of Pavement Recycling in Japan1.1 Pavement Recycling Technologies
70’ 80’ 90’ 00’ 10’
Pavement Recycling
Technologies
・Hot In-place Rcycling(1978)
・Hot Mix Asphalt Recycling (Batch Plant) (1977)
・Hot In-place Transforming(2005)
・Hot In-place Strengthening (2007)
・Steel Deck Asphalt Recycling(2007)
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1.2 Volume of Asphalt Mixture
Source : MLIT Japan
-
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
100,000
85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 0 1 2 3 4 5 6Year
Vol
ume
of A
spha
lt M
ixtu
reth
ousa
nd to
n
Recycled Mixture New Mixture
5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 94 95 96 97 98 99 0 1 2 3
Year
Pave
men
t Rat
io %
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
Serv
ice
Dis
tanc
e Km
Pavement RatioService Distance
2. From Construction to Maintenance
Note: Target Length of Arterial High-standard Highway is 14000km
Present State of National Highway and Provincial Highway
Source : MLIT Japan
2.1 Pavement Ratio
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40.0
45.0
50.0
55.0
60.0
65.0
70.0
1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006Year
Mai
nten
ance
Exp
endi
ture
Ove
r T
otal
Roa
d B
udge
t Exp
endi
ture
%
2.2 Maintenance Expenditure Ratio
Ratio = Maintenance / (Maintenance + New Construction)
Mai
nten
ance
Exp
endi
ture
Ove
rTo
tal R
oad
Bud
get E
xpen
ditu
re %
0.9% Increase Per Year
Source : MLIT Japan
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3. Pavement Distress and Rehabilitation Method
Rutting
Unevenness
Alligator Crack
Source : US Federal Highway Administration
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3.1 Pavement Preservation Guidelines
Type of Activity IncreaseCapacity
IncreaseStrength
ReduceAging
RestoreServiceability
New Construction × × × ×Reconstruction × × × ×Major (Heavy)Rehabilitation × × ×Structural Overlay × × ×Minor (Light)RehabilitationPreventiveMaintenance × ×RoutineMaintenanceCorrective(Reactive)Maintenance
×
CatastrophicMaintenance ×
Pavement Preservation Guidelines
× ×
×
PavementPreservation
Source : FHWA
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3.2 Rehabilitation Methods of Frequent Use
Mill & Fill HIR CIR Micro Surfacing(Slurry Seals)
○ ○ ○ △
○ ○ - ×
Alligator ○ △ ○ ×
Longitudinal ○ ○ ○ ×
Transverse ○ △ ○ ×
○ ○ - ○
○ ○ - △
○ ○ - ○
Hard Milling orExcavation Loosening Hard Milling -
Crushed and Disposed Not Crushed Crushed -
Replace 100% Onsite Reuse 100% Onsite Reuse -
- Unchanged Changed -
Tack Coat Not Required Cleaning and Tack Coat Cleaning and Tack Coat
By Truck Not Required Not Required Not Required
- Usually not used
○ Suitable△ Probable
× Unsuitable
Pre-TreatmentUnder Layer
Transport ReclaimedMaterials to Plant
Aggregate in Use
Cha
ract
eris
tics
Existing Asphalt Mixture
Mixture Gradation
Raveling
Bleeding
Slipperiness
Type
of P
avem
ent D
istr
ess
Rutting
Unevenness(Corrugation)
Cracking
Re-habilitation Method
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3.3 Comparison of Rehabilitation Methods in Terms of Energy Consumption
Source : Katawaki.S, The Expansion of New Civil Engineering Materials
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
Hot In-placeRecycling
Hot Mix AsphaltRecycling(Mill & Fill)
NewConstruction
Energy Consumption, Million kcal/m
Material ProductionMachine OperationDelivery of MaterialsUse for Other Purpous
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4. Hot In-place Rehabilitation 4.1 Address Surface Distress (Hot In-place Recycling)
ReRe--PavePave
ReRe--MixMix
New AsphaltMixtureRejuvenator Compaction
Spreading
MillingHeating
Mixing
New AsphaltMixture Compaction
Spreading
Milling & Mixing(Rejuvenator)
Heating
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ReRe--PavePaveHokuriku Expressway(1980Hokuriku Expressway(1980ss))
ReRe--MixMixNational Highway Route 41(1980National Highway Route 41(1980ss))
Source : Association for Advancement of Surface Recycle Technology
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4.2 Applicable Area (Hot In-place Recycling)
Type of Activity IncreaseCapacity
IncreaseStrength
ReduceAging
RestoreServiceability
New Construction × × × ×Reconstruction × × × ×Major (Heavy)Rehabilitation × × ×Structural Overlay × × ×Minor (Light)RehabilitationPreventiveMaintenance × ×RoutineMaintenanceCorrective(Reactive)Maintenance
×
CatastrophicMaintenance ×
Pavement Preservation Guidelines
× ×
×
PavementPreservation
Source : FHWA
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4.3 Address Structural Distress (Hot In-place Strengthening)
BinderRejuvenator
New Asphalt Mixture
Compaction
Milling Beyond Surface Layer
Heating
Mixing for Lower Layer
New Aggregates
Surface CourseBinder Course
New Technology
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4.4 Applicable Area (Hot In-place Strengthening)
Type of Activity IncreaseCapacity
IncreaseStrength
ReduceAging
RestoreServiceability
New Construction × × × ×Reconstruction × × × ×Major (Heavy)Rehabilitation × × ×Structural Overlay × × ×Minor (Light)RehabilitationPreventiveMaintenance × ×RoutineMaintenanceCorrective(Reactive)Maintenance
×
CatastrophicMaintenance ×
Pavement Preservation Guidelines
× ×
×
PavementPreservation
Source : FHWA
New Technology
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 0 1 2
Year
Por
ous
Pav
emen
t Con
stru
ctio
n V
omum
e m
illion
m 2
Porous Pavement
5. Need for Porous Asphalt Pavement Recycling
Source : MLIT Japan
5.1 Construction Volume
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5.2 Advantage of Porous Asphalt Pavement
Source : MLIT Japan
80
82
84
86
88
90
92
94
96
98
100
Dense Air void=4%
Porous Air void=10%
Porous Air void=15%
Porous Air void=20%
Tra
ffic
nois
e level (d
B)
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Dense Asphalt Porous Asphalt
Num
ber
of tr
affic
accid
ents
for
one
year
84%down
466sites∑=312km
Dense asphalt Porous asphalt
Traf
fic N
oise
Lev
el (d
B)
Num
ber o
f Tra
ffic
Acci
dent
s fo
r One
Yea
r
Traf
fic N
oise
Lev
el (d
B)
Decrease of Traffic Accidents Noise Absorption of Porous Asphalt Concrete
Air Void=4% Air Void=10% Air Void=15% Air Void=20%
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BinderRejuvenator
New PorousAsphalt Mixture
Compaction
Milling of Surface
Heating
Mixing for Lower Layer•More than 13mm•Less than 5mm
Sieve
Mixing for Porous Layer Mastic Layer
Dense Surface CourseBinder Course
13-5mm
Porous Layer
5.3 Hot In-place Transforming (Dense to Porous)
New Technology
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Date September, 2006
Site National Highway Route 126 in Chiba Prefecture
Construction Volume 3,000㎡ (Length:400m×2Lane)
Construction Speed 2.0m/min
Hot In-place Transforming Project (Dense to Porous)
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• Core and Marshall Test Results (National Highway Route 77 in Okinawa)
Porous Asphalt 30mm
Mastic Gap Asphalt 35mm
Hot joint
Marshall Test Results of Porous Asphalt Concrete
Core Sample taken after Construction
35mm
35mm
SpecificationsMeasured
Value
MarshallStability (kN) > 3.5 4.0
Flow Value (mm) 2.0-4.0 2.6
Air Void (%) > 15 20.0
Coefficient ofPermeability (cm/s) > 0.01 0.198
Dynamic Stability byWheel Tracking Test (Pass/mm) > 3000 4400
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• Reduction of CO2 Emission
0
4000
8000
12000
16000
20000
kg-CO2
HI-T工法 従来工法
Pre-Heater
Heater-Miller
Separator
Mixer-Paver
Compaction
Producing & deliveries
of new aggregate
Cleaning + Removing
Milling
Manufacturing &delivering of newasphalt mixture
Hot in Place Transforming
Conventional Method
16,756
11,688
30%down
Compaction
Tack coating
Kg-CO2
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 0 1 2
Year
Por
ous
Pav
emen
t Con
stru
ctio
n V
olum
eM
illio
n m
2
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Hot
In-p
lace
Rec
yclin
g C
onst
ruct
ion
Vol
ume
Tho
usan
d m
2
Porous Asphalt Pavement
Hot In-place Recycling ofDense Grade Asphalt
5.4 Need for Hot In-place Recycling of Porous Asphalt
Hot In-place Recycling(Porous Asphalt → Porous Asphalt)
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New Technology5.5 Hot In-place recycling of Clogged Porous Asphalt
BinderRejuvenator
New Asphalt Mixture
Compaction
Milling of Surface
Heating
Asphalt Coated Sandand Filler and Extra
Substance Having Caused Clogging
Sieve
Mixing for Porous Layer Thin Layer
Porous Surface CourseBinder Course