Pattern Research

1+1=3 or moreWhat is + =?

• For example:

**All polygons are made up of triangles.

Answer: 12x

Delta

Cell Armature

Dulles Airport

• Architect: Eero Saarinen

• Engineer: the civil engineering firm Ammann and Whitney

• Year: 1962

• Place: Chantilly, VA

• Size: 11,830 acres (47.9km2)

- check-in concourse at Dulles Airport designed by Eero Saarinen and refurbished in 2000 by Skidmore Owings and Merrill

benefits from high levels of natural light

- is regarded by many as the world’s first terminal designed specifically for jet travel

- minimize walking distances and maximize views of the aircraft on adjacent runaways

- As a result there are no columns inside the terminal and to avoid reflections on the glass walls, the perimeter glazing is

angled at about 70 degrees

- the original design was a large two-storey terminal with check-in counters and shops in the centre

- Passengers moved through the building at an elevated level with baggage handling below

- high-speed-people-mover system

- the original terminal was designed for 12 million passenger movements a year. Recent extensions to the Saarinen design plus

the construction of new terminal buildings have increased the capacity to 40 million

- full body scanners

- video recognition software that measures the number of people in line and how long it is taking them to pass through the

checkpoint

- designed by French company Blue Eye Video

JFK Airport

• Architect: Wallace Harrison

• Originally known as Idlewild Aiport

• Year: renamed JFK International Aiport on December 24, 1963

• Place: New York

• Size: 4,930 acres

- key design issues concerned future expansion, flexibility, and clear circulation

- creating an expansive central space with abundant daylight and views of the airport’s activity

- Various permanent artworks enliven the terminal’s interior spaces

- Fully glazed on both landside and airside, the terminal creates a connection between airport, street, and runway

- Linear skylights admit natural light, reinforcing the simplicity and clarity of circulation

- The roof of the departures hall is lightweight, 180-foot-long span; the hall underneath is a column-free space

- The Central Terminal Area includes a central heating and air-conditioning plant.

- Air Traffic Control Tower: 321 foot tower includes state-of-art communications, radar and wind-shear alerty systems

- Aiport scanning technology: transparent victory for terrorism

- Investigation: Runway safety at JFK Airport Friday, February 12, 2010

- found problems with broken runway lights, poor signage, and inadequate training getting worse

- it ranks at the top for runway safety hazards

- $ 376 million project to renovate JFK Airport Runway June 8, 2010

- Questions, safety checks after planes collide at JFK Airport Tuesday, April 12, 2011

- Exclusive: The Stunning JFK Airport Baggage Scandal; 200 Thefts Per Day March 26, 2012

- New York’s John F Kennedy Airport top germ spreader: MIT study July 27, 2012

- Jet Skier Breaks Through JFK Airport’s $100 Million Security System August 13, 2012

- geothermal power project

- in the process of installing energy-efficient LED taxiway and holdbar lights

- installation of energy efficient lighting controls, infrared heaters and controls, decommissioning vacant buildings, and decommissioning of a high-

pressure steam plant

- infrared de-icing facility: reduces the amount of deicing fluids used by 90 percent per aircraft

Incheon Airport

• Architect: Terry Farrell and Partners

• Engineer: Thorton Tomasetti

• Year: 2001

• Place: South Korea

• Size: 5 million sq ft

- large transportation centre

- rail, bus, car and taxi services congregate, is directly linked to two new terminal buildings: one for domestic and the other for

international flights

- providing access to the air

- Linked to high-speed train and local train and bus services, they will see many travelers pass through the airport en route to

other destinations.

- the transportation centre provides a memorable bird-like image for weary passengers

- difference in expressions: has a golf course, spa, private sleeping rooms, ice skating rink, a casino, indoor gardens and a

museum

- natural light is admitted via the enormous glazed atrium to all six levels of the Centre.

- the Transportation Centre is constructed (for safety reason) partly below ground, and only the curved roof of the Great Hall

breaks the skyline

- Geometry, openness and light are the main characteristics of the design

- reduces energy use by manipulating the shape and orientation of the building according to the sun’s path

- extensive glazing in walls and roof with solar protection provided by movable louvers