Parts of speech review

English 9CP

I. Nouns

• Names a person, place, thing, or abstract idea

• Types1. Proper: name of something SPECIFIC

(ex. California)2. Concrete: names anything or anyone

you can perceive through the senses (ex. table)

3. Abstract: can’t perceive through the senses; an idea (ex. love)

4. Collective: names a group of things (ex. flock)

Noun Practice1. The announcer said that the bus for Minneapolis would leave in

thirty minutes. • Announcer, bus, Minneapolis, minutes

2. Dr. Cooper was in college with my father.

Dr. Cooper, college, father

3. Bob drove through the desert at night and slept in the daytime.

Bob, desert, night, daytime

4. Helen is president of the class, and her sister is secretary.

Helen, president, class, sister, secretary

5. There was a scream of skidding tires and then a metallic thud, followed by the sound of splintered glass.

Scream, tires, thud, sound, glass

II. Pronouns

•A pronoun replaces a noun or another pronoun

•You use pronouns like he, she, they, you, which, none so your sentences will sound less repetitive

•The cat ate its food vs. the cat ate the cat’s food.

II. Pronouns

• Write down the sentence, pronoun, and the antecedent (noun that pronoun takes the place of) in the following sentences.

1. The doctor told the boys that they could use the boat.

• Antecedent=boys, Pronoun=they

2. Ben, your father wants you to make a phone call.• Antecedent=Ben, Pronoun=your, you

3. The police found the car, but they couldn’t move it. • Antecedent=police, Pronoun=they,

Antecedent=car, Pronoun=it

4. When Rachel’s computer broke, the neighbors offered up theirs.

• Antecedent=neighbors, Pronoun=theirs

III. Verbs

• Asserts something about the subject of a sentence

• Expresses actions, events, or states of being

• Types:

1. Helping Verbs—make a compound verb by combining a helping verb and another verb

Examples: Have, had, were, was, are, is, been, would, should, etc.

Example: We were running to the store.

III. Verbs

• Write down the verbs

1. The band uniforms finally arrived before Christmas.

• arrived

2. The trainer stepped into the cage of the wounded lion.

• stepped

3. The author tells of his childhood on a California ranch.

• tells

III. Verbs

• Write down the complete verb (helping verbs)

1. This was the first time the lighthouse keeper had seen such a storm.

• Had seen

2. The new school will be ready before fall.• Will be ready

3. The fog was now lifting from the field.• Was lifting

IV. Adjectives

•Modifies a noun or pronoun

•Can describe, identify, or quantify

•Usually comes before the noun or pronoun

Example: old house

Iv. adjectives

• Write down the adjective and the word it modifies. There might be multiple in each sentence.

1. The second team played during the last quarter.

• Second=adj, team=noun, last=adj, quarter=noun

2. A magnetic field surrounds the entire earth.

• Magnetic=adj, field=noun, entire=adj, earth=noun

3. The new hotel is spacious and comfortable.

• New, spacious, comfortable=adj, hotel=noun

V. Adverbs

•Modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb

•Answers the questions how, when, where, and how much?

•Often ends in ly

•Example: The classroom quickly filled with students.

Adverb

Verb

Modifies or describesa verb, an adjective,or another adverb.

Modifies or describesa verb, an adjective,or another adverb.

Answers the questions:Answers the questions:

How?How?He ran quickly.He ran quickly.

She left yesterday.She left yesterday.When?When?

We went there.We went there. Where?Where?

It was too hot!It was too hot! To what degree or how much?To what degree or how much?

V. Adverbs

• Write down the adverbs and the words they modify

1. The car usually starts on cold mornings.• Adverb=usually, modifies starts

2. The doctor gave his orders quietly and confidently.

• Adverbs=quietly and confidently, modifies gave

3. The streets have become crowded recently.

• Adverb=recently, modifies have become

VI. Conjunctions

•Words that link or join elements

•Example: I’ve always disliked English, and I have never failed a test.

•3 Types:1.Coordinating Conjunctions—and,

but, for, or, so, and yet. Join words, phrases, or clauses that are equal in rank.

VI. Conjunctions

•Words: Mother and daughter

•Phrases: We found the sloths under the couch and in the closet.

•Clauses: He likes me, but I don’t care.

VI. Conjunctions

2.Subordinating Conjunction—joins a clause that can’t stand alone

Examples: after, before, than, although, unless, while, etc.

Before you can get an A, you must study for your test.

VI. Conjunctions

3.Correlative Conjunctions—always occur in pairs; link sentences together.

Examples: both…and, either…or, not only…but also.

•Either you study or I give you an F.

•Not only is Curley mean, but also rude.

VII. Prepositions

• Shows relationship between a noun/pronoun and another noun/pronoun

•The cat is under the fence.

•The cat is between the fence and the house.

•Examples: to, under, down, through, out, over, beneath, at

VII. Prepositions

• List the preposition and object of the preposition

1. There have always been bad feelings between the towns.

• Between=prep, towns=object

2. Only one tree died during the winter.• During=preposition, winter=object

3. The sloths ran under the trees. • Under=preposition, trees=object

VIII. Articles

• Always used with a noun

•Gives information about the noun

•Examples: A, an, the

•The owl sat in the tree.

IX: Interjections

• An outcry or sudden utterance

• Usually starts the sentence

• Example: • Wow! Nice job on your test!• Well, I guess that’s ok.• Ouch! Hurray! Oh, no!

• With your partner, make your own sentence about sloths using at least one article and one interjection. You have 2 minutes! Write it down.