Particulate Particulate Matter Matter

Monitoring in Monitoring in the Eastern the Eastern Sierra RegionSierra Region

Particulate Particulate Matter Matter

Monitoring in Monitoring in the Eastern the Eastern Sierra RegionSierra RegionA Brief HistoryA Brief HistoryA Brief HistoryA Brief History

Presented byPresented byGreat Basin Unified Air Pollution Control DistrictGreat Basin Unified Air Pollution Control District

Monitoring SynopsisMonitoring SynopsisMonitoring SynopsisMonitoring Synopsis

Great Basin Unified Air Pollution Control Great Basin Unified Air Pollution Control District formed in 1974District formed in 1974

Monitoring in Eastern Sierra began in Monitoring in Eastern Sierra began in 1978 using high-volume samplers 1978 using high-volume samplers collecting total suspended particulate collecting total suspended particulate matter (TSP)matter (TSP)

District began monitoring PM10 in 1985District began monitoring PM10 in 1985 Federal EPA PM10 standard promulgated Federal EPA PM10 standard promulgated July 1, 1987July 1, 1987

Owens Valley Planning Area designated Owens Valley Planning Area designated Nonattainment for PM10 August 7, 1987Nonattainment for PM10 August 7, 1987

Great Basin Unified Air Pollution Control Great Basin Unified Air Pollution Control District formed in 1974District formed in 1974

Monitoring in Eastern Sierra began in Monitoring in Eastern Sierra began in 1978 using high-volume samplers 1978 using high-volume samplers collecting total suspended particulate collecting total suspended particulate matter (TSP)matter (TSP)

District began monitoring PM10 in 1985District began monitoring PM10 in 1985 Federal EPA PM10 standard promulgated Federal EPA PM10 standard promulgated July 1, 1987July 1, 1987

Owens Valley Planning Area designated Owens Valley Planning Area designated Nonattainment for PM10 August 7, 1987Nonattainment for PM10 August 7, 1987

Monitoring Monitoring RationaleRationaleMonitoring Monitoring RationaleRationale

Regulation-drivenRegulation-driven

Determination of Attainment Determination of Attainment

StatusStatus

Determining ComplianceDetermining Compliance

Regulation-drivenRegulation-driven

Determination of Attainment Determination of Attainment

StatusStatus

Determining ComplianceDetermining Compliance

Monitoring Monitoring TimelineTimeline

Monitoring Monitoring TimelineTimeline

High-Volume TSP High-Volume TSP MonitoringMonitoring1978-19891978-1989

High-Volume TSP High-Volume TSP MonitoringMonitoring1978-19891978-1989

High-Volume PM10 High-Volume PM10 MonitoringMonitoring

Andersen SSI 1985 - 2006Andersen SSI 1985 - 2006Wedding 1988 - 1997Wedding 1988 - 1997

High-Volume PM10 High-Volume PM10 MonitoringMonitoring

Andersen SSI 1985 - 2006Andersen SSI 1985 - 2006Wedding 1988 - 1997Wedding 1988 - 1997

PM10 Intercomparison 1988 - 1989PM10 Intercomparison 1988 - 1989

ContinuouContinuous PM10 s PM10

MonitorinMonitoringg

Tapered Tapered Element Element

Oscillating Oscillating MicrobalanceMicrobalance

1990 - 1990 - PresentPresent

ContinuouContinuous PM10 s PM10

MonitorinMonitoringg

Tapered Tapered Element Element

Oscillating Oscillating MicrobalanceMicrobalance

1990 - 1990 - PresentPresent

Portable PM10 Portable PM10 MonitoringMonitoring

Portable PM10 Portable PM10 MonitoringMonitoring

Portable PM10 Monitor Portable PM10 Monitor Power SystemPower System

Portable PM10 Monitor Portable PM10 Monitor Power SystemPower System

Mini-Vol PM10 MonitorMini-Vol PM10 MonitorMini-Vol PM10 MonitorMini-Vol PM10 Monitor

Flood Flood Irrigation Irrigation Project Project PM10 PM10

MonitorMonitor

Flood Flood Irrigation Irrigation Project Project PM10 PM10

MonitorMonitor

Constructed by the Constructed by the District for the North District for the North

FIP PM10 FIP PM10 Monitoring ProgramMonitoring Program

1993 - 19941993 - 1994

Sequential Partisol Sequential Partisol PM10 MonitorPM10 Monitor1999 - Present1999 - Present

Sequential Partisol Sequential Partisol PM10 MonitorPM10 Monitor1999 - Present1999 - Present

Keeler PM10 MonitorsKeeler PM10 Monitors2000 - Present2000 - Present

Keeler PM10 MonitorsKeeler PM10 Monitors2000 - Present2000 - Present

Low-Low-Power Power PM10 PM10

MonitorsMonitorsSolar-powered Solar-powered BGI Monitors - BGI Monitors -

Mono LakeMono Lake2000 - 20082000 - 2008

Low-Low-Power Power PM10 PM10

MonitorsMonitorsSolar-powered Solar-powered BGI Monitors - BGI Monitors -

Mono LakeMono Lake2000 - 20082000 - 2008

Solar-Powered TEOM Solar-Powered TEOM MonitorMonitor2007 - Present2007 - Present

Solar-Powered TEOM Solar-Powered TEOM MonitorMonitor2007 - Present2007 - Present

Solar-Powered TEOM Solar-Powered TEOM MonitorMonitor2007 - Present2007 - Present

Solar-Powered TEOM Solar-Powered TEOM MonitorMonitor2007 - Present2007 - Present

Special StudiesSpecial StudiesSpecial StudiesSpecial Studies

PM10 Monitoring Methods PM10 Monitoring Methods Comparison at Owens Lake 1993-Comparison at Owens Lake 1993-19991999

E-BAM - FDMS/TEOM Comparison 2005E-BAM - FDMS/TEOM Comparison 2005

Met One eSampler - TEOM Met One eSampler - TEOM

Comparison 2006`Comparison 2006`

PM10 Monitoring Methods PM10 Monitoring Methods Comparison at Owens Lake 1993-Comparison at Owens Lake 1993-19991999

E-BAM - FDMS/TEOM Comparison 2005E-BAM - FDMS/TEOM Comparison 2005

Met One eSampler - TEOM Met One eSampler - TEOM

Comparison 2006`Comparison 2006`

Monitoring Methods Comparison: TEOM vs.

Wedding SSI

Monitoring Methods Comparison: TEOM vs.

Wedding SSIKeeler

TEOM vs Wedding SSI

y = 0.63x + 2.38

R2 = 0.98

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0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500

TEOM PM10 (µg/m3)

Wedding SSI PM

10 (µg/m

3 )

1:1

KeelerTEOM vs Wedding SSI

y = 0.63x + 2.38

R2 = 0.98

0

100

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0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500

TEOM PM10 (µg/m3)

Wedding SSI PM

10 (µg/m

3 )

1:1

Monitoring Methods Comparison: TEOM vs.

Graseby SSI

Monitoring Methods Comparison: TEOM vs.

Graseby SSIKeeler

TEOM vs Graseby SSI

y = 0.79x - 2.35

R2 = 0.99

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0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500

TEOM PM10 (µg/m3)

Graseby SSI PM

10 (µg/m

3 )

1:1

Keeler TEOM vs Graseby SSI

y = 0.79x - 2.35

R2 = 0.99

0

100

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0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500

TEOM PM10 (µg/m3)

Graseby SSI PM

10 (µg/m

3 )

1:1

Monitoring Methods Comparison: TEOM vs. Dichtomous Sampler

Monitoring Methods Comparison: TEOM vs. Dichtomous Sampler

Keeler TEOM vs Dichot

y = 0.89x - 2.74

R2 = 0.99

0

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0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500TEOM PM 10

(µg/m3)

Dichot PM

10

(µg/m

3)

1:1

Keeler TEOM vs Dichot

y = 0.89x - 2.74

R2 = 0.99

0

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0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500TEOM PM 10

(µg/m3)

Dichot PM

10

(µg/m

3)

1:1

Monitoring Methods Comparison: TEOM vs. Partisol Samplers

Monitoring Methods Comparison: TEOM vs. Partisol Samplers

Keeler TEOM vs. Partisol Samplers

(Average of Collocated Samplers)

0

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0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500

TEOM PM10 (µg/m3)

Partisol PM

10 (µg/m

3 )

AVG1:1Partisol #1Partisol #2Partisol #3Linear (AVG)

1:1

y = 1.06x - 3.46

R2 = 1.00

Keeler TEOM vs. Partisol Samplers

(Average of Collocated Samplers)

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0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500

TEOM PM10 (µg/m3)

Partisol PM

10 (µg/m

3 )

AVG1:1Partisol #1Partisol #2Partisol #3Linear (AVG)

1:1

y = 1.06x - 3.46

R2 = 1.00

Special Studies:Special Studies:

E-BAM vs. FDMS/TEOM - 2005E-BAM vs. FDMS/TEOM - 2005 Special Studies:Special Studies:

E-BAM vs. FDMS/TEOM - 2005E-BAM vs. FDMS/TEOM - 2005 TEOM vs. eBAM

y = x0.7988 + 0.2401

R2 = 0.8012

0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

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140.0

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180.0

0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 120.0 140.0 160.0 180.0

TEOM 24-Hour Values

eBAM 24-Hour Values

TEOM vs. eBAM

y = x0.7988 + 0.2401

R2 = 0.8012

0.0

20.0

40.0

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120.0

140.0

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180.0

0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 120.0 140.0 160.0 180.0

TEOM 24-Hour Values

eBAM 24-Hour Values

Special Studies:Special Studies:E-BAM vs. FDMS/TEOM - 2005E-BAM vs. FDMS/TEOM - 2005

Special Studies:Special Studies:E-BAM vs. FDMS/TEOM - 2005E-BAM vs. FDMS/TEOM - 2005

TEOM vs. eBAM - Hourly Data

y = 0.7005x + 1.9928

R2 = 0.6159

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1600

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TEOM Hourly Concentrations

eBAM Hourly Concentrations

Special Studies:Special Studies:eSampler vs. TEOMeSampler vs. TEOMSpecial Studies:Special Studies:eSampler vs. TEOMeSampler vs. TEOM

Considerations and Considerations and RecommendationsRecommendations

Considerations and Considerations and RecommendationsRecommendations

EPA Reference or Equivalent Method Monitors EPA Reference or Equivalent Method Monitors are required to Determine are required to Determine Compliance/AttainmentCompliance/Attainment

Dust ID Model Requires Hourly DataDust ID Model Requires Hourly Data EPA-approved Monitors providing Hourly PM10 EPA-approved Monitors providing Hourly PM10 Concentrations are the TEOM and the BAMConcentrations are the TEOM and the BAM

Light-scattering and Beta Attenuation Light-scattering and Beta Attenuation monitors have had numerous precision, monitors have had numerous precision, accuracy, calibration, and maintenance issuesaccuracy, calibration, and maintenance issues

District Network should utilize TEOM monitorsDistrict Network should utilize TEOM monitors

EPA Reference or Equivalent Method Monitors EPA Reference or Equivalent Method Monitors are required to Determine are required to Determine Compliance/AttainmentCompliance/Attainment

Dust ID Model Requires Hourly DataDust ID Model Requires Hourly Data EPA-approved Monitors providing Hourly PM10 EPA-approved Monitors providing Hourly PM10 Concentrations are the TEOM and the BAMConcentrations are the TEOM and the BAM

Light-scattering and Beta Attenuation Light-scattering and Beta Attenuation monitors have had numerous precision, monitors have had numerous precision, accuracy, calibration, and maintenance issuesaccuracy, calibration, and maintenance issues

District Network should utilize TEOM monitorsDistrict Network should utilize TEOM monitors