Participation Patterns in Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Online Learning Environments
-
Upload
richard-schwier -
Category
Technology
-
view
591 -
download
3
description
Transcript of Participation Patterns in Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Online Learning Environments
![Page 1: Participation Patterns in Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Online Learning Environments](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54ba253a4a7959742c8b4750/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Patterns of Participation in Formal, Non-Formal and Informal Online
Learning Communities
Richard A. SchwierJennifer X Seaton
Virtual Learning Communities Research LaboratoryEducational Technology and Design
University of Saskatchewan
![Page 2: Participation Patterns in Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Online Learning Environments](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54ba253a4a7959742c8b4750/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Central Concerns
• Shifting focus of research• Atomized view of communities• Tools for analysis• Generation of models• Using research to inform development
of online learning environments
![Page 3: Participation Patterns in Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Online Learning Environments](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54ba253a4a7959742c8b4750/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Community
Constituents
Comparison
Modeling
![Page 4: Participation Patterns in Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Online Learning Environments](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54ba253a4a7959742c8b4750/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Participation Patterns in Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Online Learning Environments](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54ba253a4a7959742c8b4750/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Formality of Learning Environment
• Formal• Non-Formal• Informal
![Page 6: Participation Patterns in Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Online Learning Environments](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54ba253a4a7959742c8b4750/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Selection of Groups
• Active, regular online conversations• Discussion board transcripts• Membership • Active facilitator *• All conversations considered *• Topics not restricted
![Page 7: Participation Patterns in Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Online Learning Environments](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54ba253a4a7959742c8b4750/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Two Measures of Participation
• Interaction analysis– Transcript Analysis Tools (Fahy, Crawford & Ally)– Intensity, Density, Reciprocity
• Engagement analysis– Density– Mean Reply Depth (Wiley)
![Page 8: Participation Patterns in Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Online Learning Environments](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54ba253a4a7959742c8b4750/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Interaction analysisMessages/participant
Informal 1 Informal 2 Non-formal 1 Non-formal 2 Formal 1 Formal 2
1.55 3.90 8.08 21.9 57.8 95.5
![Page 9: Participation Patterns in Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Online Learning Environments](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54ba253a4a7959742c8b4750/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Interaction analysisMessages/discussion
Informal 1 Informal 2 Non-formal 1 Non-formal 2 Formal 1 Formal 2
31.4 15.2 8.08 29.2 148.7 40.2
![Page 10: Participation Patterns in Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Online Learning Environments](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54ba253a4a7959742c8b4750/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Interaction AnalysisIntensity
• Intensity– “levels of participation," or the degree to which
the number of postings observed in a group exceed the number of required or expected postings
Informal 1 Informal 2 Non-formal 1 Non-formal 2 Formal 1 Formal 2
.03 * .09 * .34 1.82 4.1 2.51
![Page 11: Participation Patterns in Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Online Learning Environments](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54ba253a4a7959742c8b4750/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Interaction analysisDensity
• Density = 2a/N(N-1), – Included only peripheral interactions in formal
environments– the ratio of the actual number of connections
observed, to the total potential number of possible connections
Informal 1 Informal 2 Non-formal 1 Non-formal 2 Formal 1 Formal 2
cliques cliques .47 .40 1.0 .78
![Page 12: Participation Patterns in Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Online Learning Environments](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54ba253a4a7959742c8b4750/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Interaction AnalysisReciprocity
the parity of communication among participants
![Page 13: Participation Patterns in Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Online Learning Environments](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54ba253a4a7959742c8b4750/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Interaction AnalysisReciprocity
Informal 1 Informal 2 Non-formal 1 Non-formal 2 Formal 1 Formal 2
Low Low .92
(sd=.94)
1.74
(sd=4.77)
1.10
(sd=.42)
2.51
(sd=.37)
![Page 14: Participation Patterns in Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Online Learning Environments](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54ba253a4a7959742c8b4750/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Plotting Reciprocity
![Page 15: Participation Patterns in Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Online Learning Environments](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54ba253a4a7959742c8b4750/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Engagement
![Page 16: Participation Patterns in Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Online Learning Environments](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54ba253a4a7959742c8b4750/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Engagement analysis
• Thread density and depth (Wiley, 2010)– Calculation of levels of replies in conversation
threads– Data flawed, but useful
Mean Reply Depth (MRD crude) = sum of reply depth for all messages/messages in the thread
Mean Reply Depth (corrected)= MRD (crude) x ((n-b(childless messages)/n)
![Page 17: Participation Patterns in Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Online Learning Environments](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54ba253a4a7959742c8b4750/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Mean reply depth (MRD) equationsMean Reply Depth (MRD crude) = sum of reply depth for all messages/messages in the thread
Mean Reply Depth (corrected)= MRD (crude) x ((n-b(childless messages)/n)
![Page 18: Participation Patterns in Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Online Learning Environments](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54ba253a4a7959742c8b4750/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Do not attempt to read this!
![Page 19: Participation Patterns in Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Online Learning Environments](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54ba253a4a7959742c8b4750/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Do not attempt to read this!
Mulitlogue/discussion
Simple Q&A/chit-chat
Monologue/no discussion
![Page 20: Participation Patterns in Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Online Learning Environments](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54ba253a4a7959742c8b4750/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Engagement analysisMean Reply Density
Informal 1 Informal 2 Non-formal 1 Non-formal 2 Formal 1 Formal 2
.71 1.16 .60 .70 1.76 1.40
![Page 21: Participation Patterns in Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Online Learning Environments](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54ba253a4a7959742c8b4750/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Formal 1 Formal 2 Informal 1 Informal 2 Non-formal 1 Non-formal 2
Regular
![Page 22: Participation Patterns in Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Online Learning Environments](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54ba253a4a7959742c8b4750/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Formal 1 Formal 2 Informal 1 Informal 2 Non-formal 1 Non-formal 2
Extended
![Page 23: Participation Patterns in Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Online Learning Environments](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54ba253a4a7959742c8b4750/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Participation Patterns in Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Online Learning Environments](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54ba253a4a7959742c8b4750/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Conclusions
• Interaction and engagement data tell similar stories• Baseline data are needed to situate findings
• Most enjoyable part: the hunt, not the kill