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Part Two: Etiology & Pathophysiology of Chronic Kidney Disease By T. Parent Nurse Educator, PHC Community Hemodialysis Units 2015

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Glomerular disorders

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Nephrotic & Nephritic syndromes Nephritic syndrome the loss of a lot of blood Nephrotic syndrome the loss of a lot of protein Proteinurea Hypoalbuminemia Edema Hyperlipidemia Hematuria Hypertension Oliguria Azotemia

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Associated Diseases Minimal change glomerulonep hritis Focal Segmental glomeruloscl erosis Membranous Glomerulonep hritis Post streptococcal glomerulonep hritis IgA Nephropath y Rapidly progressive glomerulone phritis Goodpast ures Vasculitis disorder Wegners granulomat osis Microscop ic polyangiti s Churg Strauss disease Membranoprolif erative Glomerulonephri tis Henoch- Schonlein purpura Diabetic Nephropathy

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Vascular Diseases Microscopic Polyangiitis Wegeners BLOOD VESSEL SIZESmall to Medium BLOOD VESSEL TYPEArterioles to venules, And sometimes Arteries and veins GRANULOMATOUS INFLAMMATION NOYES LUNG SYMPTOMSYES 1 GLOMERULONEPHRITISYES RENAL HYPERTENSIONNO MONONEURITIS MULTIPLEX COMMONOCCASIONA L SKIN LESIONSYES 2 GI SYMPTOMSNO EYE SYMPTOMSYES 4 ANCA-POSITIVITY75%65-90% CONSTITUTIONALSYMPT OMS YES 5 NECROTIZING TISSUEYES MICROANEURYSMSRARELY

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Medullary sponge kidney

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Neoplasms

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Interstitial diseases Chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis (CTIN): Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) allergic drug reactions infections immunologically mediated disorders infections reflux or obstructive nephropathy drugs