PART I - RURAL DEVELOPMENT STATISTICS Chapter II - NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL RURAL DEVELOPMENT...
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Transcript of PART I - RURAL DEVELOPMENT STATISTICS Chapter II - NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL RURAL DEVELOPMENT...
PART I - RURAL DEVELOPMENT STATISTICS
Chapter II - NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL RURAL DEVELOPMENT POLICIES
Paul Fensom
Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, UK
Joint UNECE/EUROSTAT/FAO/OECDMeeting on Food and Agricultural Statistics in Europe
Rome, 29 June 2005
Overview
II.1 A few examples of national rural development policies
II.2 Rural development from a sectoral based approach – agriculture
II.3 Rural development from a territorial based approach
II.4 Conclusions Annex - summary of EU agriculture and
rural development policies
England - economic and social regeneration, social justice for all and enhancing the value of the countryside
Sweden - working for good living conditions and development opportunities for rural areas and rural populations
Ireland - ensuring the economic and social well being of rural communities
India - five elements of social and economic infrastructure, critical to the quality of life in rural areas, were identified – health, education, drinking water, housing and roads
Zambia - bringing about new approaches in the agricultural sector, which are aimed at empowering local communities
II.1 A few examples of national rural development policies
II.2 Rural development from a sectoral based approach – agriculture
Agricultural perspective developed countries agricultural policy provides
less and less stimulus to the viability of the rural economy
but it is important that countries continue to monitor both the share of output provided by agriculture as well as pluriactivity
Trends in agriculture in the last 50 years plummeting employment skyrocketing productivity
II.2 Rural development from a sectoral based approach – agriculture (cont.)
The current situation for agriculture and associated issues
The farm policy dilemma viable rural communities may better be assured
by comprehensive area‑targeted programmes than by traditional agricultural production‑linked payments. In other words, a shift from a sectoral to a territorial policy approach
II.3 Rural development from a territorial based approach
Employment – the driving force of rural development rurality in itself is not a handicap for job creation
Trends for rural regions rural areas and their economies are very
heterogeneous why do certain rural regions perform better than
others? Entrepreneurship and job creation in rural
areas
II.3 Rural development from a territorial based approach (cont.)
Are manufacturing and services now the pillars of rural development? almost by default, the survival of many rural
communities will depend upon maintaining a manufacturing base
Merging industry sectors agriculture and pharmaceuticals agri-tourism agri-environment
II.3 Rural development from a territorial based approach (cont.)
Industrial structures and characteristics of rural and urban economies A mix of business with respect to size and
industrial branch seems to better lay the foundation for a more stable labour market
Sectorial mix and territorial dynamics sectoral mix can restrain economic development,
whilst regional specific factors can make a region leading or lagging
important to understand the relationships here
II.3 Rural development from a territorial based approach (cont.)
Education and employment in rural regions more than half of the world's population and more
than 70 per cent of the world's poor are to be found in rural areas where hunger, illiteracy and low school achievement are common.
The role of tourism it grows faster than total employment, up to 10
times faster than for the labour force as a whole, and is considered an important potential source of employment for many rural areas
II.3 Rural development from a territorial based approach (cont.)
The importance of communications Rural services standards Objectives and instruments for rural policies
enhancing “competitiveness” of rural regions shifting to an approach based on strategic
investments shifting from a sectoral to a place‑based approach enhancing business assistance developing human resources providing public services
II.3 Rural development from a territorial based approach (cont.)
New issues in rural policy-making The need to develop tailor‑made regional policies
eg the EU LEADER initiative co‑operation at regional and local levels usually
through partnerships interactions with adjacent areas
The role of information and communication technology for rural development the Zambia Community Radio Project is reaching
out to thousands of villagers, passing on life-saving information and motivational stories
II.3 Rural development from a territorial based approach (cont.) Rural policies in the European Union
total Community spending on rural development has been increasing and now exceeds €6 billion
CAP reform means: single farm payment for EU farmers, linked to the
respect of environmental, food safety, animal and plant health and welfare standards
the requirement to keep farmland in good agricultural and environmental condition.
strengthened rural development policy reduction in direct payments for bigger farms to finance
new rural development policy.
II.4 Conclusions
the shift from a sectorial to a territorial policy approach
the increased use of partnerships between public, private and voluntary sectors
regional policies play an important role but need to understand and be sensitive to the differences between urban and rural areas within the region
agriculture continues to play an important role in rural economies