parking problem.pdf

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

A STUDY OF PARKING PROBLEMS IN

MUAR TOWN

CASE STUDY: STREET ON MUAR TOWN

(JALAN SALLEH)

ABDUL AZIM BIN ABDUL MALEK

SEPTEMBER 2011-JANUARY 2012

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DEPARTMENT OF ESTATE MANAGEMENT FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING

UNIVERSITY TECHNOLOGY MARA

A STUDY OF PARKING PROBLEMS IN MUAR TOWN CASE STUDY: STREET ON MUAR TOWN

(JALAN SALLEH)

A project prepared to fullfill part of requirements for the awards of

Bachelor In Estate Management (Hons.)

ABDUL AZIM BIN ABDUL MALEK

2009776295 SEMESTER DECEMBER 2009 – DECEMBER 2011

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STUDENT’S DECLARATION

Academic Project Title:

A STUDY OF PARKING PROBLEMS IN MUAR TOWN


(JALAN SALLEH)

I declare that this report is the result of my own research, unless otherwise indicated

or acknowledged as referenced work.

In the event that my report be found to violate the conditions mentioned above, I

voluntarily waive the right of conferment of degree and agree be subjected to the

disciplinary rules and regulations of Universiti Teknologi MARA.

Signature : ……………………………………………….

Student’s Name : Abdul Azim Bin Abdul Malek

Date : ……………………………………………….

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SUPERVISOR’S DECLARATION

Academic Project Title:

A STUDY OF PARKING PROBLEMS IN MUAR TOWN


(JALAN SALLEH)

I admit that I had read this report and from my opinion it has fulfill the requirements

and qualified for the purpose of conferment of Degree of Bachelor of Estate

Management (Hons.)

Signature : ……………………………………………….

Supervisor’s Name : Pn Hjh. Noraliza binti Basrah

Date : ……………………………………………….

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

In this given opportunity, I would like to give my highest appreciation to Allah almighty that

blessed me the power and guts to complete this Academic Project (PA) in successful way.

There are times of obstacles that depressed me to deliver the final product. But I have

managed in the end, thanks to Allah. I praised Prophet Muhammad S.A.W, and his

companions for this valuable esperiences.

Special thanks to my beloved supervisor, Puan Hjh Noraliza Bte Basrah, lecturer in

Dept. of Estate Management, UiTM Shah Alam, for the advice, guidance, encouragement,

and also cooperation that has been given to me, in the completion of this research.

Credit also to the following people;

i. Town Planning Department, Majlis Perbandaran Muar, Johor.

ii. Mrs. Normah Binti Kechut, Deputy Planner Officer, MPM.

iii. The public of Muar.

To my beloved parent, siblings, and friends and to all that involved in the research, I

sincerely will always remember you in my heart.

Thank you very much,

Abdul Azim Bin Abdul Malek Ba. (Hons) Estate Management , UiTM Shah Alam.

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ABSTRACT

Parking facility can be considered as part of planning requirement that can affect

development scheme as a whole. The increases of population, paralel with the increasing of

road users lead to parking concerns, especialy in Muar Johor. Insuffiecient car park and

congested traffic occured in that area, and the study keen to conduct a research to identify

the factors that contribute to the problem. The scope of parking problem is narrowed to Jalan

Salleh as the main road in Muar town. The author will investigate the parking management

system at Muar town from planning, organising and controlling point of view. The demand for

property in Muar is increasing, but with problems of lack of parking space and congested

area can change property buyers decision. There are several factors that contribute to

parking problem in Muar area, and public behavior and the poor management at Majlis

Perbandaran Muar are two major concerns that the study will focus on. Based on structured

interviews, survey and observation, it is hope that this study can come out with a good

solution to help fix the situation before it become worst in the future.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER TITLES PAGE

Title pages i

Student’s Declaration ii

Supervisor’s Declaration iii

Acknowledgement iv

Abstract v

Table of Contents vi

List of Tables ix

List of Figures xii

List of Symbol/ Abbreviation xv

List of Appendixes xvi

CHAPTER 1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Problem Statement 1

1.2.1 Public Behavior 2

1.2.2 People behavior 2

1.2.3 Inadequate Space to Provide Parking 2

1.3 Purpose of Study 2

1.4 Objective of Study 2

1.5 Scope and Limitation of Study 3

1.6 Significance of Study 4

1.7 Methodology 5

1.8 Chapter Arrangement 8

CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction 10

2.2 Definition of Parking 10

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2.3 Parking Facilities 11

2.4 Mode of Parking 12

2.4.1 Parallel Parking 13

2.4.2 Perpendicular Parking 13

2.4.3 Angle Parking 13

2.5 Fringe Parking 14

2.6 Policy for Parking 15

2.7 Parking Pricing 16

2.8 Parking Demands 18

2.9 Causes of Congestion

2.9.1 Road Layout 19

2.9.2 Lack Parking Space 19

2.9.3 Staggered Work Hours 20

2.9.4 Parking Behavior 20

2.6 Effects of Park and Ride on Urban Traffic 21

2.7 Effects of Resident Parking on Urban Traffic 22

2.8 Availability of parking and attractiveness of city centres 22

2.9 Revenue and revenue allocation 23

2.10 Conclusion Perception of parking problems 24

CHAPTER 3 CASE STUDY

3.1 Introduction 25

3.2 Background of Muar 25

3.3 Parking Management (Majlis Perbandaran Muar) 27

3.4 Road Congestion

3.4.1 Jalan Salleh 31

3.4.2 Jalan Abdullah 31

3.4.3 Jalan Majidi 31

3.4.4 Jalan Meriam 33

3.4.5 Jalan Peteri 33

3.4.6 Jalan Maharani 33

3.5 Case Study 34

3.6 Cause of Congestion in Muar

3.6.1 Limited Parking Space 39

3.6.2 Peak Hours 39

3.6.3 Building Development 40

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3.6.4 Road Size 40

3.6.5 Urban Planning and Design 40

3.6.6 Traffic Management 40

3.7 The Faulty by Public in Muar Town 41

3.8 Conclusion 43

CHAPTER 4 DATA ANALYSIS

4.1 Introduction 35

4.2 Result and Findings

4.2.1 Public Particulars 44

4.2.2 Public Level of Satisfaction 49

4.2.3 Parking Management 103

CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION

5.1 Introduction 114

5.2 Findings 129

5.3 Constraints and Limitations 130

5.4 Recommendation 130

5.5 Conclusion 133

BIBLIOGRAPHYS 135

APPENDIXES 140

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LIST OF TABLES

No. of Table Title Page

3.1 List of Perish in Muar town 26

3.2 List of Management 31

3.3 Parking Guidelines 38

4.1 Gender of Respondents 45

4.2 Race of Respondents 46

4.3 Marital Status 47

4.4 Occupation 48

4.5 Parallel Parking 49

4.6 Perpendicular Parking 50

4.7 Angle Parking 51

4.8 On-street Parking (along Jalan Salleh) 52

4.9 Gazetted Parking Area 53

4.10 Yellow Base Line (along bus station to Astaka Mall) 54

4.11 Double Parking (street along Jalan Salleh) 55

4.12 Saving Time 56

4.13 Cheapest Parking Fee 57

4.14 Necessary for Errand 58

4.15 Safe from Robber 59

4.16 Safe to Avoid Accident 60

4.17 Safe to Avoid Penalty 61

4.18 Saving Time 62






4.24 Parking Ticket is Expensive 68

4.25 Difficult to Get Parking Ticket 69

4.26 Saving Petrol Vehicle Cost 70

4.27 Need Not Pay Parking Fee 71

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4.28 Once Time 72

4.29 Two Times 73

4.30 Three Times 74

4.31 More Than Three Times 75

4.32 Less an Hour 76

4.33 An Hour 77

4.34 Two Hours 78

4.35 More Than Two Hours 79

4.36 Buy Personal Necessities 80

4.37 Buy Bus Ticket 81

4.38 Get Food 82

4.39 Visit the Temple 83

4.40 Visit the Doctor 84

4.41 8.00 a.m. 85

4.42 12.00 p.m. 86

4.43 2.00 p.m. 87

4.44 5.00 p.m. 88

4.45 Designated Area 89

4.46 Medan Selera Bentayan 90

4.47 Astaka Mall 91

4.48 Street Parking 92

4.49 Inadequate Parking 93

4.50 High Volume Vehicles 94

4.51 Traffic Management 95

4.52 Absence of Traffic Light 96

4.53 Narrow Road Size 97

4.54 Poor Parking Signage 98

4.55 Difficult to Find Parking Ticket 99

4.56 Price Ticket is Too Expensive 100

4.57 Decrease Faults on Parking 101

4.58 Decrease Traffic Jam 102

4.59 Parking Meters 103

4.60 Automatic Ticket Parking Machine 104

4.61 Parking Signage 105


4.63 Road Size 107

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4.64 Parking Safety 108



4.67 Yellow Base Line 111

4.68 Double Parking 112

4.69 Obstructive Parking 113

5.1 Most Public Appealing on Parking Modes 115

5.2 Most Public Convenient Parking 116

5.3 Most Public Reasons to Park On-street Parking 117

5.4 Most Public Reasons to Park on Gazetted Area 118

5.5 Most Public Reason for Illegal Parking 119

5.6 Public Usually Make Turns to Find Parking 120

5.7 Public Usually Spend Time to Park Vehicle 121

5.8 Most Public Reason to Park at the Designated Area 122

5.9 The Time of the Day Public Usually Park on Jalan Salleh 122

5.10 Level of Satisfaction Parking Facilities on Jalan Salleh 123

5.11 Public Perception on Reasons of Congestion 124

5.12 Reasons Public Not Use Parking Ticket 125

5.13 Effects of Summons 125

5.14 Public Perception on Enhancement Parking Management 126

5.15 Public Perception on Parking Management System 127

5.16 Public Perception on Summon by Majlis Perbandaran Muar 128

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LIST OF FIGURES

No. of Figure Title Page

1.1 The Flow Chart of Research Methodology 6

3.1 Map of Muar District 26

3.2 Front View of Majlis Perbandaran Muar 27

3.3 Organisation Structure Majlis Perbandaran Muar 30

3.4 Road Congestion in Muar Town 31



3.7 Jetty Park 35

3.8 Fishing Center 36

3.9 Public Parking 36

3.10 Bus Station 37


3.12 Astaka Mall 38

3.13 Park on Yellow Baseline 41

3.14 Park on Obstructive or Bar Line 41

3.15 Double parking on street parking 42

3.16 Late Give Signal 42

4.1 Gender of Respondents 45

4.2 Race of Respondents 46

4.3 Marital Status 47

4.4 Occupation 48


4.6 Perpendicular Parking 50


4.8 On-street Parking (along Jalan Salleh) 52

4.9 Gazetted Parking Area 53

4.10 Yellow Base Line (along bus station to Astaka Mall) 54

4.11 Double Parking (street along Jalan Salleh) 55

4.12 Saving Time 56

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4.18 Saving Time 62






4.24 Parking Ticket is Expensive 68

4.25 Difficult to Get Parking Ticket 69

4.26 Saving Petrol Vehicle Cost 70

4.27 Need Not Pay Parking Fee 71

4.28 Once Time 72

4.29 Two Times 73

4.30 Three Times 74

4.31 More Than Three Times 75

4.32 Less an Hour 76

4.33 An Hour 77

4.34 Two Hours 78

4.35 More Than Two Hours 79

4.36 Buy Personal Necessities 80

4.37 Buy Bus Ticket 81

4.38 Get Food 82

4.39 Visit the Temple 83

4.40 Visit the Doctor 84

4.41 8.00 a.m. 85

4.42 12.00 p.m. 86

4.43 2.00 p.m. 87

4.44 5.00 p.m. 88

4.45 Designated Area 89


4.47 Astaka Mall 91

4.48 Street Parking 92

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4.49 Inadequate Parking 93

4.50 High Volume Vehicles 94

4.51 Traffic Management 95

4.52 Absence of Traffic Light 96

4.53 Narrow Road Size 97

4.54 Poor Parking Signage 98

4.55 Difficult to Find Parking Ticket 99

4.56 Price Ticket is Too Expensive 100

4.57 Decrease Faults on Parking 101

4.58 Decrease Traffic Jam 102

4.59 Parking Meters 103

4.60 Automatic Ticket Parking Machine 104



4.63 Road Size 107

4.64 Parking Safety 108



4.67 Yellow Base Line 111

4.68 Double Parking 112

4.69 Obstructive Parking 113

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LISTS OF SYMBOLS / ABBREVIATIONS

Symbol Meaning of Symbol

AP Academic Project

MPM Majlis Perbandaran Muar

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LIST OF APPENDIXES

Appendixes Topics Page

A Map of Muar Streets 140

B Questionnaire 141

C Parking Guidelines by Majlis Perbandaran Muar 149

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CHAPTER 1

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

1.1 Introduction

This chapter discusses the introduction to the study. It represents the overview

of the study and briefly explains the background, the aim, problem statement,

formulating the study methodology, the outline of the report, and the limitation and

scope of the study.

Basically, any building development and construction must consider space for

parking lot. People need proper car parks to be provided to them inside or outside the

building. If the parking area is not in the development consideration, then the project

can be considered as a failure.

Parking requirement is one of the important things in Town and Country

Planning Act terms and rules as it is important in order to avoid the congestion in urban

areas. The demand for parking space increases by year. Because of the business of

automobile is so good, and it is a norm to see one family owns more than 2 cars, our

road cannot handle the amount of road users nowadays. As the result, the traffic is

congested and parking areas are not sufficed.

1.2 Problem Statements

As the number of cars increases, with no initiatives and alternatives to combat

the current scenario, many problems arise especially to the limited number of parking

lot. This can give a significant effect, especially to commercial property. The study aims

to see the effect of inadequate parking space at Jalan Salleh Street, Muar. With the

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help from Mrs. Hjh Normah Bte Kechut, the Deputy Planning Officer in Majlis

Perbandaran Muar (MPM), the study will identify the cause to the problem and how to

reduce it as there is an increase of population and car users in the Muar city.

1.2.1 Public Behavior

Parking issues come from the public behavior itself. The public

come to the city and simply park their vehicle anywhere and everywhere

they like. They refuse to park in the parking facility provided by the local

authority.

1.2.2 Parking Layout Design cannot be changed

The old planning layout for parking area was design over past

100 years ago, and there is a problem to change or alter the layout.

Some owners of the old building in Muar town are reluctant to enhance

their building by providing space for car park. They must build new

building that can provide car park, based on the parking guideline

enforce by the MPM.

1.2.3 Inadequate Space to Provide Parking Facility

Muar town does not have enough space to provide more parking

facilities for the people. Majority of vacant land in Muar town owns by the

MPM. They always wanted to develop commercial buildings, regardless

the parking problems, because of the profit they can get.

1.3 Purpose of Study

The main purpose of this research is to investigate and understand the parking

management system applied at Muar town, from the perspective of planning, organizing

and controlling.

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1.4 Objective

The objectives of the study are as follows:

a) To identify parking guidelines enforced by Local Authority at Muar.

b) To identify the cause of parking problems in Muar town.

c) To recommend solutions to overcome the congestion and limited parking space

in Muar town.

1.5 Scope of Study

The study is limited to scope and limitation, in order to receive a clear result

from the analysis. The scope of the study will focus on:

1) The parking problem in Muar central town. The issues are the congestion

and traffic problems. The author tries to investigate and analyze a way to

overcome the problem. The current management system for parking is not

working successfully because of the congestion.

2) To achieve the aim of this study, that is to investigate the system and

process of managing parking lot. Then followed by some conclusions and

recommendations to the topic.

3) This study depends very much on primary and secondary data. Therefore,

the nature of this study is more of a critical review on property management,

and to investigate the system and process of managing parking space.

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1.5.1 Limitation

The study has a number of limitations. There is limited amount of

information available, particularly that relates to Malaysian experience in

planning. There is not much information or published research and article on this

topic.

There might be some new and current information on the topic, which is

kept by the private or government agencies. Unfortunately the information is

treated as confidential and thus cannot be released to public. So, it is

impracticable to obtain first hand information. The study is carry out based on

general survey, geographical remoteness of the study area, coupled with

constraints of time and finance. So, this study has to be prepared within these

limitations.

1.6 Significance of Study

There are some significant gains that can be achieved through the study. The

importances on this study are:-

1. The results of the finding can be used to make guidelines and references for

parking management at Jalan Salleh, Muar in terms of planning, organizing and

controlling for future benefits.

2. The study also can identify and improve the weakness on the management of

parking, giving the alternative ways and recommendations.

3. The study can be used as a guideline and reference to any interested individual

or body, for the purpose of parking management in established urban area.

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1.7 Methodology

Chart 1.1: The Flow Chart of Research Methodology

Stage One

Stage Two

Stage Three

Stage Four

Stage Five

Data processing and analysis

Recommendation and Conclusion

Amendments and writing up of the

chapter for final submission

Problem Statement Identification

Objectives Determination

Primary Data

• Interview and questionnaire

toward the public especially for

Muar town people.

A. Public parking habit.

B. Opinion or perception regarding

the parking space

Data Collection

Secondary Data

• Information from relevant

authorities such as Majlis

Perbandaran Muar.

• Document planning standard.

• References from article, website,

journal, newspaper and

magazines.

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1.7.1 Description of Methodology

In performing the research study, the methodology applied should be

suitable in order to ensure that information and data obtained will be accurate

and informative. Methodology applied will assist the study to be on the right

track. The following is the description of the methodology of the study:

a. Problem Statement Identification

Firstly, before determination of objective, problem statements from the

certain newspaper which are the current issues related to the topic has

been identified.

b. Objectives Determination

Objectives will define the purpose of the study and give guideline in

carrying out the research.

c. Data Collection

There are two methods that can be used by the researcher to collect

data, which are primary and secondary data. It is useful to ensure that

the data are up to date and reliable.

i. Primary Data

The primary data is first hand information from the survey

and distribution of questionnaires. The survey and questionnaires

will be given to the sample of population. This kind of data usually

obtained from a sample, which is group of individuals who are

involved as respondent who provide the information, facts or

opinion in a research.

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Sampling is an approach of identifying the source of data.

Besides, the sample is randomly selected from the latest citizens

list provided for the research objectives.

ii. Secondary Data

Generally the secondary data are the theoretical part of

the study or research. In this study, the secondary data are

obtained from relevant authorities such as local authority,

newspaper, internet, and previous articles and study.

d. Data Analysis

The process to analyze the data can be executed after the

process of gathering data and information. The data that obtained from

survey, questionnaires and secondary data will be analyzed. The

information will be presented in the form of chart, graph and tabulated

tables in order to ensure a clear presentation and better understanding

of the gathered information. The analyzing process can clarify the

problems. Then, come to decision and way to overcome the problems.

e. Findings, Recommendations and Conclusion

The analyzed data will clarify and explain the research findings. A

suitable recommendation will be formulated based on the result and

findings. Then, findings and recommendations will be taken into

consideration in producing a conclusion for the research.

The study was conducted using two methods:

i. A literature review, which was conducted using various sources of

data, such as a books, newspapers and articles to obtain general

information on the parking space, parking concepts, property

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