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Forensic Entomology:Identification of fly species for
estimation of Post Mortem Interval (PMI) in UMMC
ParaSEAD Laboratory
Department of Parasitology,
Faculty of Medicine,
University of Malaya,
50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Introduction:
• Entomology can be defined is short as a studies on insects.
• Therefore, Forensic Entomology is defined as
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• The use of the insects to aid legal investigations.
• It is commonly broken down into three general areas:– Medicolegal– Urban and– Stored product
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• Medicolegal focuses on the criminal component of the legal system and deals with feeding insects that typically infest human remains (commonly use to determine time of death).
• Urban aspect deals with the insects that affect man and his immediate environment (relates to interpretation on damage caused).
• Stored product insects are commonly found in foodstuffs (relates to food contamination).
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Maggot
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• What is maggot?
It is one of the stages found in the life-cycle
of fly.
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Life-cycle of fly
Eggs 1st, 2nd, 3rd larvae
Adult fly
(23 hours)
(130 hours)
(143 hours)
pupae 7
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Corpse
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Corpse with maggots
Maggots
Maggots
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Corpse in different situations
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• To identify fly species for estimation of PMI (Post-mortem inverval)
Objective
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Materials:
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Fixed sample Alive sample
Transfer into containers with meat
Allow to develop until
L3 stage
Allow to develop until pupa stage
Transfer to develop into adult stage
Sacrifice
Mounted
Slide preparation
Determine species
Determine species
Examine for specific
characteristics
Methods:
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Mounted adult fly
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Slide of maggot
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Anterior Spiracle
Identification of the specific characteristics of the maggot
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1. Measuring the length of larvae
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2. Characterising the anterior spiracle
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3. Characterising the posterior spiracle
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Based on the characteristic of posterior spiracle, the maggot can be grouped as follows:
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Species of maggot identified in Para:SEAD Laboratory (2003-2011)
Results:
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Num
ber o
f sam
ples
species
Number Of Maggots species collected start from 2003 until 2011
Chrysomya megachepala
Chrysomya rufifacies
Chrysomya bezziana
Chrysomya chlorophyga
Chrysomya albiceps
Megaselia scalaris
Sarchophaga spp.
Synthesiomyia nudiseta
Hermetria illucens
Species
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• The number of fly species identified is 9
• The most common species is Chrysomya megachepala (52%) followed by C.rufifacies (21%).
• The least common species are Chrysomya bezziana and Hermetria illucens
Conclusion:
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References:1. A Guide To Medical Entomology Author: M.W service
2. Insect and Forensic Entomology Author : Ian Dadour (Entomologist , University of WA & David Cook (Entomologist, Agriculture WA )
3. Manual of Medical Entomology, Author: Deane P. Furman and Elmar P. Catts
4. Myiasis In Man And Animals In Old Word, Author: F. Zumpt
5. DPDx- CDC Laboratory Identification of Parasites of Public Health concern
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Thank You24