Paradigm SHIFT - Eurocontrol · 2005-01-06 · 1 EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre INNOVATIVE...

EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre1

INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

Paradigm SHIFTEEC Innovative Research

Dec, 2004

Laurent GUICHARD (Project Leader, ATM)Sandrine GUIBERT (ATC)Horst HERING (Engineering)

Khaled BELAHCENE (Math Mod., Airspace)Didier DOHY (ATM, System)Jean-Yves GRAU (HF)Jean NOBEL (ATM, ATC)Julie LABORDE dit BOURIAT (Law Student)


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

Focus

Time Focus: 2020

En-route optimization through its integration in theglobal air transport .

Global objectives:Answer to the capacity needMaintain the safety levelBetter punctualityPerformance, cost --> efficiency

Ponctuality

Capacity Safety

Environment

Performance

Efficiency

Cost


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

Background & Scope

Paradigm SHIFT

CDM

ACARE EUROCONTROLOCD

C-ATM

SESAME

G2G

Operational Concepts(Top/Down)

AFAS/MAFAS

DataLink

ASAS

SWIMLEONARDO

Support Tools (Bottom/Up)

Airline view

Recommandations (user preferences)


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

Paradigm SHIFT: Analyse

From the analysis, three main axis have to be investigate:

ConsistencyConsistency FlexibilityFlexibility RobustnessRobustness


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH



FlexibilityFlexibility RobustnessRobustness

Functional and operational continuity:Actors are linked together through the aircraft lifecycleSame object but:

different constraints (Airlines, ANSPs, Airports, ...)different time scale (1 year, 1 month, 10 mn ...)different granularity

ex: ATC / ATFM

Functional and operational continuity:Actors are linked together through the aircraft lifecycleSame object but:

different constraints (Airlines, ANSPs, Airports, ...)different time scale (1 year, 1 month, 10 mn ...)different granularity

ex: ATC / ATFM

ConsistencyConsistency


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH



ConsistencyConsistency RobustnessRobustness

The traffic is non homogeneousnature: cruise, servicing airports …operations: standard route, direct routing, free flightfluctuation: morning /evening, summer/winter, ...

Managing traffic is a domain of expertise a the local level

Flexibility => allow best use of resources = efficiency

The traffic is non homogeneousnature: cruise, servicing airports …operations: standard route, direct routing, free flightfluctuation: morning /evening, summer/winter, ...

Managing traffic is a domain of expertise a the local level

Flexibility => allow best use of resources = efficiency

FlexibilityFlexibility


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH



ConsistencyConsistency FlexibilityFlexibility

Uncertainty is part of Air Navigation System:build the system with and not against.

Management of disruptionContaining residual uncertainty inside windows

Integrate windows to planing:to optimise resources (constraint only when necessary)to define transparent and achievable objectives for ATC

(improve stability and confidence)

Uncertainty is part of Air Navigation System:build the system with and not against.

Management of disruptionContaining residual uncertainty inside windows

Integrate windows to planing:to optimise resources (constraint only when necessary)to define transparent and achievable objectives for ATC

(improve stability and confidence)

RobustnessRobustness


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

Paradigm SHIFT: Concepts


ConsistencyConsistency FlexibilityFlexibility RobustnessRobustness

ParadigmSHIFT

DualAirspace

Operationalplan

Targetwindows

DecentralisedDesign

Contractof Objective


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

Paradigm SHIFT: ConceptsToday Paradigm SHIFT

Plan

ning

Exec

utio

n

ATCManage a/c separation


ATFMBest use

predefined resources with constraints

Global optimisationon local resources

ATFMBest use

predefined resources with constraints

Global optimisationon local resources

Flight Plan (OBT)

Airspace

CapacityConstraints

Demand

Objectives are shared and transparent

Punctuality is lostNo link planning / execution


and Objectives


and Objectives

Contract of ObjectiveATC object representing

punctuality and efficiencyfor a flight: Flight plan with

target windows

Operational PlanProcess to obtain

consensus onreachable objectives

Local resources optimisation

to match global constraints

Operational PlanProcess to obtain

consensus onreachable objectives

Local resources optimisation

to match global constraints

Full Air/Ground integration

Full Air/Ground integration

AirspaceDecentralisedoptimisation

AirspaceDecentralisedoptimisation

Actorscollaboration

Actorscollaboration


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

Operational contract associated to a flight :punctuality at destination airportintegrated efficiency: linking planning and executioncommon objectives: operational continuity linking actorsmarked out by target windows

Contract of Objective

Control Unit

Control Unit

Control Unit

In-BlockTime

1 flight = 1 CoO

ANSP3(Approach)

ANSP1Airport ANSP2 AirportTWR TWR

On groundOn ground On FlightTaxiing Taxiing

Say what you doDo what you say

Off-BlockTime

LandingTakeoff

OptimisationDMAN

OptimisationAMAN


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

4D intervals to constrain trafficin order to ensure planning is respected

Target windows

Downstream issues reflected at actor level:Efficiency

Destination punctualityTechnical capability (flight envelope, ...)Congested en-route area (bottleneck)

ResilienceResidual uncertainty (disruptions management)open room of adaptation to operation to ensure resilience to disruptionsLimits chain reactions


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

Operational PlanStrategic level

Macroscopic approach rather than a temporal referenceDefines collaboration between actors allowing them to coordinate (i.e. agreed interfaces) called Operational AgreementOperational Agreement: traffic resulting from the expressed & agreed constraints of involved actors (initial source of contracts of objectives)

Collaborative & transparent mechanism involving all actorsAirlines, Airports & ANSPs (civil & military providers)

Conciliate demand with scarce resources

Demand

Resources

Refinement & enhancement processIterative evaluation of demand versus resourcesAdaptive granularity description regarding disruptions

Operational Agreement

AgreedTrade-off


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

Operational Plan

time

AirLines

OAr1

Rotations

Airportcapacity

Actor preparation phaseActor publication phase

Airports


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

Operational Plan

Conciliate initial demand & airport capacityLarge granularity

Initial demandRotations described as successive airborne segments linked by airport operations on ground

Airborne segment defined by a city pair & an average flight durationOn ground segment defined by an average «airport operation» time

Airport capacityAn average number of landing & taking off aircraft for a given time frame (mitigate by on ground operations)

Come to a first Operational Agreement (OAr1)

Considering first, highly constrained resources : Runways


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

Operational Plan

time

ANS Providers

AirLines

OAr2OAr1

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

Rotations

Airportcapacity

Control capacity


ANTICIPATE DISRUPTION

Disruption forecast(e.g. meteo forecast)

OAf

Airports

Disruptions


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

Operational Plan

Integrating ANSPs constraints & resourcesRefine Operational Agreement by inserting control capacity

Medium granularityConciliate control resources to demand, build first strategic trafficRefine airport capacity by taking into account control constraints (reduce time frame window size)Enhance departure & arrival time windows for initial demand

Come to the second Operational Agreement (OAr2)

Anticipation of disruptions (survey process)Integrate disruption forecast to align iteratively strategic traffic & interfaces

Come to the final Operational Agreement (OAf)


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

Operational Plan

time

ANS Providers

AirLines

Disruptions

OAr2OAr1

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT DISRUPTION MANAGEMENT

Rotations

Airportcapacity

Control capacity




OAf

Airports


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

Operational Plan

Real Time adaptation of the traffic scheme

Integrate disruptions to continuously enhance rotation schemes

Small granularityAmend strategic traffic induced by disruptions detectionRefine & adapt airport capacity to departure time window (define slot lists)

Come to most accurate flight description (iterative drafting of Contract of Objectives)


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

Operational Plan

time

ANS Providers

AirLines

Disruptions

OAr2OAr1

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT DISRUPTION MANAGEMENT

CoO 2

CoO 1

CoO 4

CoO 3

Rotations

Airportcapacity

Control capacity




OAf

Airports

Renegociate CoO 4


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

Operational Plan

A strategic level involvement

Specific situations induce that contract of objectives cannot be assumedExit of target windows is a disruption

Need early detectionContinuous tracking of the flight progress

Need solving process with a strategic viewEvaluate induced “chain reaction” mechanismAllow best alternatives at a global levelEnsure overall consistency regarding planned/reorganized operations

Number of occurrences is a performance indicatorCorrective post analysis

Tune target windows from operational plan to minimize occurrences


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

Airspace Issues

Set of 4D constraints imposed to each flight prior to operations

Alleviates operator’s WorkloadCreates a Safety layer

Affects Trajectory efficiency

Freedom

Efficiency

Constraints

Capacity

Free Flight

Free Route

Standard Routes Highways

Traffic

Airspace

Low Density

High Density


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

Design of the Air Navigation Services

Organization of En-Route resources by the ANSP

Tactical balanceTrafficAirspace ATC working methods and tools

Local homogeneity

Decentralized Black Box modelMacroscopic strategic planningContractual specification of interfacesLocal responsibility of tactical planningAutonomous design process

Operational diversity

Reaching an agreementIterations refining strategic Traffic descriptionCoordination scheme ensuring traffic continuityEarly involvement of Military users

Flight consistency

Traffic

Airspace ATC

SafetyCapacityEfficiency

Airlines AirportsOperational Plan

ANSP 2

TrafficTraffic Traffic

ANSP 1 ANSP 3


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

Dense Traffic Area

Dual Airspace

CohabitationIndependent operations

OpacityNo IntrusionMinimal HindranceTransition via Airlocks

Resilience to Disruptions

HighwayLong haul, Cruise trafficParallel Tracks

Features :Easy TrajectoriesDifficult Input

Challenges :CapacityPunctuality

Airspace & ATC :New ParadigmParallel lanesDelegationECAC-wide continuity

DistrictAirport Service, short haulsDiverging / Converging traffic patterns

Features :Difficult TrajectoriesStable Input / Output

Challenges :SeparationSequencing

Airspace & ATC :As usual, with better specialization

High Density Operational ConceptTraffic split according to ATC issues (a/c phase of flight)


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

Highway Features

Districts Highways

Continental Major Flows

Parallel Lanes

Vertical Layers


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

Aeronautical Airlock

District ATC responsible for horizontal manoeuvreHighway ATC responsible for vertical manoeuvrePersonal airlock guarantees Safety for aircraft


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

Working methods innovation & legal issues

Change in working methods, airspace structure ...=> impact on operators juridical responsibilities

The task sharing between:Human/HumanHuman/Machine

CertificationGround/Board

For the project:Completing multidisciplinary team by juridical approachLeading some choice of design

For the Law:Avoiding legal deadlockTechnical evolution => Regulation evolution

Juridical implications : - responsibilities ?- delegations ? …


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

A concrete application : the dual airspace

“Intercontinental Highways”States sovereignty (International Law)Route Charges (Public Law, Aviation Law)ATCOs’ status (International, Public, Civil Law and why not an ATM Law?)

Design issues :Should the 2 sub-systems visualize the other’s traffic?

yes = possibility to be responsible of these aircraftno = no possible responsibility

Establish clear connection between the 2 sub-systemsTo avoid responsibilities problemsTo create confidence in the juridical system for ATCOs

Conflict between Safety and Responsibility

Article 121-3du code pénal

French Law


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

Research Agenda

ParadigmSHIFT

Ground

Board

Actors

DualAirspace

Process

Highways

Cohabitation

Strategic Traffic

Operationalplan

Targetwindows

Modeling

Disruptions

Infrastructure & support

Interoperability certification

Operational continuity

Contractof Objective

Trafficconstraining

DecentralisedDesign


INNOVATIVE RESEARCH

Planning 2005/2006

2005

Experimentation

Exploration + Prototyping

Exploration + Prototyping

S

Experimentation

2006 S

Exploration

1 Impact of Highway on District

2 Contract of Objective for ATCO

3 Connexion District& Autoroute

Data

Data

Data

Data

Paradigm SHIFT - Eurocontrol · 2005-01-06 · 1 EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre INNOVATIVE...

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Transcript of Paradigm SHIFT - Eurocontrol · 2005-01-06 · 1 EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre INNOVATIVE...