Papper Battery 1
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Transcript of Papper Battery 1
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PAPERBATTERY
Presented by;
Anandhakrishnan v s
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Cellulose Paper
+ Nano-technology
An Overview of the battery technologythat powers our mobile society.
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INTRODUCTIONA paper battery is an ultra-thin electric battery engineered to use a spacer
formed largely ofcellulose (the major constituent of paper). It
incorporates nanoscale structures to act as high surface-area electrodes to
improve the conduction of electricity. Paper batteries are thin, flexible
and environment-friendly, allowing integration into a wide range
of products. Their functioning is similar to conventionalchemical batteries with the important difference that they are
non-corrosive and do not require a bulky housing.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_batteryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanoscopic_scalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrodeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrodeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanoscopic_scalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_battery -
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Battery Chemistry
Electrochemical reaction - a chemical
reaction between elements which creates
electrons.
Oxidation occurs on the metals
(electrodes), which creates the electrons.
Electrons are transferred down the pile via
the saltwater paper (the electrolyte).
A charge is introduced at one pole, which
builds as it moves down the pile.
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CONSTRUCTION The device functions as both a lithium-ion battery
and a super-capacitor, which stores charge like abattery but has no electrolyte. The paper batteryprovides a long, steady power output as against a
conventional battery and also as a super-capacitor'squick burst of high energy. The ionic liquidelectrolyte that is soaked into the paper is a liquidsalt and contains no water, so it won't freeze or boil.The paper battery also uses no toxic chemicals. Notonly does it help power electronic devices, but inlarger configurations the paper battery could bemoulded into shapes like the door of a car.
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Recharge-ability & the memory
effect
Recharge-ability: basically, when the direction
of electron discharge (negative to positive) is
reversed, restoring power.The Memory Effect: (generally) When a
battery is repeatedly recharged before it has
discharged more than half of its power, it willforget its original power capacity.
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APPLICATIONS
The paper-like quality of the battery combinedwith the structure of the nanotubes embeddedwithin gives them their light weight makingthem attractive for portable
electronics, aircrafts, automobiles, and toys (suchas model aircrafts), while their ability to useelectrolytes in blood make them potentiallyuseful for medical devices such as pacemakers.
The medical uses are particularly attractivebecause they do not contain any toxic materialsand can be biodegradable.
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ADVANTAGES
Non-toxic
Light-weight and thin
Contains liqued salt, which will not freeze orboil
Portable
Small size
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DISADVANTAGES
Have Low Shear strength: They can be torneasily.
There is a caution that commercial applications maybe a long way away, because nanotubes are still
relatively expensive to fabricate. Currently, they are making devices a few inches in
size.
In order to be commercially viable, they would like
to be able to make them newspaper size, a sizewhich taken all together would be powerful enoughto power a car.
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PROPERTIES OF CELLULOSE
High Tensile strength; Low ShearStrength
Biodegradable
Biocompatible
Excellent Porosity & Absorption Capacity
Easily Reusable and Recyclable Non Toxic
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Nano-Science and-Technology
The attempt to manufacture andcontrol objects at the atomic andmolecular level (i.e. 100 nanometers
or smaller).1 nanometer = 1 billionth of a meter(10-9)
1 nanometer : 1 meter :: 1 marble :Earth
1 sheet of paper = 100,000
nanometers
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It is a hybrid energy storage device thatcombines characteristics of batteries and
super capacitors.
It takes the high energy storage capacity ofthe battery and the high energy density of
the super capacitor which producing bursts
of extreme power.
What is Nanocomposite paper
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Materials and Description
This energy storage device is based on two basic materials:carbon nanotubes and cellulose.Also an ionicliquid provides
the third component: electrolyte. Engineered together, they
form nanocompositepaper. It is as thin and flexible as a piece
of paperit can be twisted, folded, rolled and cut to fit any
space without losing any of its energy. The paper battery canalso be stacked to boost the total power output.
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How it is made
To create this paper we have to first dissolve the
cellulose in the ionic liquid and then infiltrate thecellulose paper with aligned carbon nanotubeswhich form the uniform film.
Then it is solidified on dry ice, after this it is
soaked in ethonal to remove the ionic liquid and
dried in a vacume, which gives us our final product:
Nanocomposite paper.
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Paper battery offers future power
The black piece of paper can power a small light.
Flexible paper batteries could meet the energydemands ofthe next generation of gadgets.
The ambition is to produce reams of paper that could one day
power a car.
The paper battery was a glimpse into the future of power
storage.
The versatile paper, which stores energy like a conventional
battery, can also double as a capacitorcapable of releasing
sudden energy Bursts for high-power applications.
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CONCLUSION
This energy storage device is cost-effective because the
device can be able to be used in the smallest and mostdiversly designed electronics. Such as cellphones, mp3
players and medicalequipment.
The reasearchers say that it can also be used in
automobiles and aircraft. But it has a poor processibility,
being that it is particularly insoluble of infuseble. Lastly,
the use of ionicliquid makes the device environmentally
friendly; a major concern in nanotechnology.
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Links to References
http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/battery.htm
http://everything2.com/e2node/Lithium%2520ion%
2520battery
http://www.batteryuniversity.com
http://news-
service.stanford.edu/news/2008/january9/nanowire
-010908.html
http://www.nano.gov/html/research/industry.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckminster_Fuller
http://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=5210.ph
p
http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/battery6.htmhttp://everything2.com/e2node/Lithium%2520ion%2520batteryhttp://everything2.com/e2node/Lithium%2520ion%2520batteryhttp://www.batteryuniversity.com/http://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2008/january9/nanowire-010908.htmlhttp://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2008/january9/nanowire-010908.htmlhttp://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2008/january9/nanowire-010908.htmlhttp://www.nano.gov/html/research/industry.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckminster_Fullerhttp://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=5210.phphttp://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=5210.phphttp://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=5210.phphttp://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=5210.phphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckminster_Fullerhttp://www.nano.gov/html/research/industry.htmlhttp://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2008/january9/nanowire-010908.htmlhttp://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2008/january9/nanowire-010908.htmlhttp://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2008/january9/nanowire-010908.htmlhttp://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2008/january9/nanowire-010908.htmlhttp://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2008/january9/nanowire-010908.htmlhttp://www.batteryuniversity.com/http://everything2.com/e2node/Lithium%2520ion%2520batteryhttp://everything2.com/e2node/Lithium%2520ion%2520batteryhttp://electronics.howstuffworks.com/battery6.htm