PAPER

BATTERY

PRESENTED BY: KRITI CHAURASIA

WHAT IS A PAPER BATTERY

A PAPER BATTERY IS A FLEXIBLE,

ULTRA-THIN ENERGY STORAGE

AND PRODUCTION DEVICE

FORMED BY COMBINING CARBON

NANOTUBE WITH A

CONVENTIONAL SHEET OF

CELLULOSE-BASED PAPER.

A PAPER BATTERY ACT AS BOTH A

HIGH ENERGY BATTERY AND

SUPERCAPACITOR COMBINING

TWO COMPONENTS THAT ARE

SEPARATE IN TRADITIONAL

ELECTRONICS.

CONVENTIONAL BATTERY VS PAPER

BATTERY

CONVENTIONAL BATTERY PRODUCE ELECTRONS

THROUGH A CHEMICAL REACTION BETWEEN

ELECTROLYTE AND METAL.

CHEMICAL REACTION IN PAPER BATTERY IS BETWEEN

ELECTROLYTE AND CARBON NANOTUBES.

ELECTRONS MUST FLOW FROM NEGATIVE TO POSITIVE

TERMINAL FOR THE CHEMICAL REACTION.

MATERIALS AND DESCRIPTION

THIS ENERGY STORAGE DEVICE IS BASED ON TWO BASIC, INEXPENSIVE MATERIAL:

CARBON NANOTUBES

CELLULOSE

ALSO AN IONIC LIQUID PROVIDES THE THIRD COMPONENT:

ELECTROLYTE

WHAT IS CARBON NANOTUBE

A CARBON NANOTUBE IS A TUBE-SHAPED MATERIAL, MADE OF CARBON, HAVING A DIAMETER MEASURING ON THE NANOMETER SCALE.

CARBON NANOTUBE HAVE MANY STRUCTURES DIFFERING IN LENGTH, THICKNESS AND IN TYPE OF HELICITY AND NUMBER OF LAYERS.

ALTHOUGH THEY ARE FORMED FROM ESSENTIALLY THE SAME GRAPHITE SHEETS, THEIR ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS DIFFER DEPENDING ON THESE VARIATIONS, EITHER ACTING AS METALS OR AS SEMICONDUCTOR.

CARBON NANOTUBES CAN BE

CATEGORISED BY THEIR STRUCTURES

SINGLE-WALL

DOUBLE-WALL

MULTI-WALL

VIDEO ON CONSTRUCTION OF PAPER BATTERY

HOW PAPER BATTERY WORKS?

WHILE A CONVENTIONAL BATTERY CONTAINS A

NUMBER OF SEPARATE COMPONENTS, THE PAPER

BATTERY ALL OF THE BATTERY COMPONENTS IN A

SINGLE STRUCTURE, MAKING IT MORE ENERGY

EFFIECIENT, INTEGRATED DEVICE.

THE PAPER BATTERY CONTAINS CARBON

NANOTUBES, EACH ABOUT ONE MILLIONTH OF A

CENTIMETER THICK, WHICH ACTS AS AN

ELECTRODE. THE NANOTUBES ARE EMBEDDED IN A

SHEET OF PAPER SOAKED IN IONIC LIQUID

ELECTROLYTES, WHICH CONDUCT THE

ELECTRICITY.

ELECTRICITY IS THE FLOW OF ELECTRICAL POEWR OR

ELECTRONS.

BATTERIES PRODUCE ELECTRON THROUGH A CHEMICAL

REACTION BETWEEN ELECTROLYTE AND METAL IN THE

TRAIDITIONAL BATTERY.

CHEMICAL REACTION IN THE PAPER BATTERY IS BETWEEN

ELECTROLYTE AND CARBON NANOTUBE.

ELECTRONS COLLECT ON THE NEGATIVE TERMINAL OF THE

BATTERY AND FLOW ALONG A CONNECTED WIRE TO THE

POSITIVE TERMINAL.

ELECTRONS MUST FLOW FROM THE NEGATIVE TO POSITIVE

TERMINAL FOR THE CHEMICAL REACTION TO CONTINUE.

SIX IMPORTANT REASONS HOW PAPER

BATTERIES ARE BETTER THAN THEIR

CONVENTIONAL COUNTERPARTS

PAPER BATTERIES HAVE LONG LASTING TIME.

THEY ARE NONTOXIC AS THEY DO NOT INVOLVE HARMFUL

CHEMICAL REACTIONS.

THEY ARE FLEXIBLE AND CAN BE FOLDED OR CUT WITHOUT

ANY EFFECT ON THEIR EFFICIENCIES. THIS IS BECAUSE OF THE

FACT THAT THEY ARE MADE UP OF MATERIALS LIKE

CELLULOSE AND CARBON NANOTUBES WHICH HAVE HIGH

TENSILE STRENGTH.

THEY ARE DISPOSABLE AS THEY ARE MADE UP OF CELLULOSE

WHICH IS BIO DEGRADABLE AND NONTOXIC.

THEY CAN BE USED IN HARSH CLIMATE CONDITIONS LIKE HEAT

AND COLD. THIS IS BECAUSE THE ELECTROLYTE DOES NOT

INVOLVE WATER WHICH MAKES THE BATTERY OPERATE IN THE

RANGE OF -75 TO 150 DEGREE CELSIUS.

THEY UTILIZE CARBON NANOTUBES, WHICH ARE ONE OF THE

MOST HIGHLY EFFICIENT CONDUCTORS OF ELECTRICITY.

ADVANTAGES OF PAPER BATTERY

IT IS FLEXIBLE AND VERY LIGHT WEIGHT

IT OFFERS HIGH TENSILE STRENGHT

IT IS BIODEGRADABLE AND BIO COMPATIBLE

MATERIAL

IT PROVIDES LOW SHEAR STRENGTH

IT IS NON-TOXIC

IT HAS MAGNIFICIENT ABSORPTION CAPACITY

AND POROSITY

IT HAVE HIGH PACKING DENSITY AND LOW MASS

DENSITY

APPLICATION OF PAPER BATTERY

1. IN ELECTRONICS:

o in calculators, wrist watch and other low drain devices.

o in wireless communication devices like speakers, mouse,

keyboard ,Bluetooth headsets etc.

o in Enhanced Printed Circuit Board(PCB)

2. IN MEDICAL SCIENCE:

o in Pacemakers for the heart

o in Artificial tissues (using Carbon nanotubes)

o in Cosmetics, Drug-delivery systems

o in Biosensors, such as Glucose meters, Sugar meters, etc.

3. IN AUTOMOBILES AND AIRCRAFTS:

o in Hybrid Car batteries

o in Long Air Flights reducing Refueling

o for Light weight guided missiles

DISADVANTAGES OF PAPER BATTERY

CARBON NANOTUBES ARE VERY EXPENSIVE.

BATTERIES WITH LARGE ENOUGH POWER ARE

UNLIKELY TO BE COST EFFECTIVE.

FOR A COMMERCIAL VIABILITIS, THESE

BATTERIES HAVE TO BE SCALED UPTO SHEETS OF

NEWSPAPER SIZE.

REPLACING THE OLD BATTERIES RESULTS

WASTAGE OF OLD ELECTRONIC GOODS.

GENERATION OF E-WASTE.

PAPER BATTERY OFFERS FUTURE

POWER

THE BLACK PIECE OF PAPER CAN POWER A SMALL

LIGHT.

FLEXIBLE PAPER BATTERIES COULD MEET THE ENERGY

DEMANDS OF THE NEXT GENERATION OF THE GADGETS.

THE AMBITION IS TO PRODUCE REAMS OF PAPER THAT

COULD ONE DAY POWER A CAR.

THE PAPER BATTERY WAS A GLIMPSE INTO THE FUTURE

OF POWER STORAGE.

THE VERSATILE PAPER,WHICH STORES ENERGY LIKE A

CONVENTIONAL BATTERY, CAN ALSO DOUBLES AS A

CAPACITOR OF RELEASING SUDDEN ENERGY BURSTS

FOR HIGH-POWER APPLICATIONS.

CONCLUSION

THE LIFE OF A BATTERY IS AN IMPORTANT

PARAMETER WHICH DECIDES THE AREA OF

APPLICATION OF BATTERY.

THESE PAPER BATTERIES CAN FURTHUR REDUCE

THE WEIGHT OF THE ELECTRONIC GADGETS.

THE FUTURE MAY ALLOW SIMPLY PAINTING THE

NANOTUBE INK AND ACTIVE MATERIALS ONTO

SURFACES SUCH AS WALLS.

HIGH STORAGE OF ENERGY LEADS TO DECREASE

CHARGING TIME. THUS ENERGY CAN BE SAVED.

o THIS ENERGY STORAGE DEVICE IS COST-

EFFECTIVE BECAUSE THE DEVICE CAN BE ABLE

TO BE USED IN THE SMALLEST AND MOST

DIVERSELY DESIGNED ELECTRONICS. SUCH AS

CELL PHONES, MP3 PLAYERS AND MEDICAL

EQUIPMENT.

o THE RESEARCHERS SAY THAT IT CAN ALSO BE

USED IN AUTOMOBILES AND AIR-CRAFT. BUT IT

HAS A POOR PROCESSIBILITY, BEING THAT IT IS

PARTICULARLY INSOLUBLE OF INFUSIBLE.

LASTLY THE USE OF IONIC LIQUID MAKES THE

DEVICE ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY; A MAJOR

CONCERN IN NANO TECHNOLOGY.

THANK YOU