Pantoea sp. S3W-11 Antibacterial Activities of Strain ...

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Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineering Journal 35(1): 64-71 (2020) http://dx.doi.org/10.7841/ksbbj.2020.35.1.64 ISSN 1225-7117 / eISSN 2288-8268 Pantoea sp. S3W-11 ์˜ ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ฐฐ์–‘ ์ตœ์ ํ™” ๋‚จ์˜ํ˜ธ, ์ตœ์•„์˜, ์ •์œ ์ง„* Antibacterial Activities of Strain Pantoea sp. S3W-11 and Optimization of Culture Conditions Young Ho Nam, Ahyoung Choi and Eu Jin Chung* Received: 13 October 2019 / Revised: 7 January 2020 / Accepted: 18 March 2020 ยฉ 2020 The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstract: In this study, 46 bacteria strains were isolated from water and soil collected from Geumjin-ri, Ganggu-ri and Namseock-ri in Yeongdeok-Gun to screen antibacterial bacte- ria against various pathogenic bacteria. Among them, strain S3W-11 showed an excellent growth inhibition against methi- cillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli. As a result of the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain S3W-11 showed the high similarity with Pan- toea vagans LMG 24199 T , Pantoea agglomerans DSM 3493 T , Pantoea conspicua LMG 24534 T 99.64%, 99.58%, 99.18%, respectively. The effects of culture medium composition, tem- perature, and initial pH on the cell growth and antibacterial activity were confirmed for culture optimization of strain S3W- 11. Optimal conditions for growth and antibacterial activity in strain S3W-11 were found to be: YPD medium, 25 o C and pH 6.5. When the strain was cultured in LB, NB, TSB, and R2A media, the antibacterial activity has not been confirmed. Opti- mal reaction time was 48 h in YPD medium, 100 rpm and 0.3 vvm in 2 L-scale fed-batch fermentation process for antimi- crobial activity. Strain S3W-11 can be improved on antibacte- rial activity in optimal culture conditions (YPD medium, 25 o C and pH 6.5). Therefore, the antibacterial activity of Pantoea sp. S3W-11 had potential as antibiotics for pathogens includ- ing MRSA. Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Pantoea sp. S3W-11, methi- cillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 1. INTRODUCTION ์ธ๋ฅ˜ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ํ•ญ์ƒ์ œ๋Š” ํŽ˜๋‹ˆ์‹ค๋ฆฐ (Pennicillin) ์ด๋‹ค. 1943๋…„ ํŽ˜ ๋‹ˆ์‹ค๋ฆฐ์ด ํ™”ํ•™์  ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ์ธ๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ƒ๋ช…์„ ์œ„ํ˜‘ ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธ๊ท ๊ฐ์—ผ์˜ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ๋„๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค [1]. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜, ์–ผ๋งˆ ์ง€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„ 1940๋…„์— ์ด๋ฏธ ํŽ˜๋‹ˆ์‹ค๋ฆฐ์— ๋‚ด์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํฌ ๋„์•Œ๊ตฌ๊ท  (penicillin-R Staphylococcus) ์ด ๋“ฑ์žฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์ดํ›„, 1960๋…„ ๋ฉ”ํ‹ฐ์‹ค๋ฆฐ, 1972๋…„ ๋ฐ˜์ฝ”๋งˆ์ด์‹ , 1998๋…„ ์ด๋ฏธํŽ˜๋„ด, 2003๋…„ ๋Žํ† ๋งˆ์ด์‹  ๋“ฑ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํ•ญ์ƒ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚ด์„ฑ๋„ ์ž‡๋”ฐ๋ž๋‹ค. 2016๋…„ ์˜๊ตญ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•œ ใ€Œํ•ญ์ƒ์ œ ๋‚ด์„ฑ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œใ€์—๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ 70๋งŒ ์ด์ƒ์ด ๋‚ด์„ฑ ๋ฐ• ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์•„์˜ ๊ฐ์—ผ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ˆจ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‹ ์„ธ๋Œ€ ํ•ญ์ƒ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด 2050๋…„์—๋Š” 1000๋งŒ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ง๊ณผ 100์กฐ ๋‹ฌ ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์†์‹ค์ด ์ดˆ๋ž˜๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค [2]. ํ•ญ์ƒ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด๋ž€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ธ๊ท ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ฐœ์œก๊ณผ ๋ฒˆ์‹์„ ์–ต ์ œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“  ์•ฝ์„ ํ•ญ์ƒ์ œ (antibiotics) ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ข€ ๋” ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ์˜ ํ•ญ๊ท ์ œ (antimi- crobials)๋ผ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ํ‘œ์  ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ์„ธ ๊ท ์ผ ๋•Œ ํ•ญ์„ธ๊ท ์ œ, ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์ผ ๋•Œ ํ•ญ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์ œ, ๊ณฐํŒก์ด์ผ ๋•Œ ํ•ญ์ง„๊ท ์ œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅธ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ธ๊ท ์„ ์ฃฝ์ด๋Š” ํ•ญ์„ธ๊ท  ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ญ์ƒ์ œ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค [3]. ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ•ญ์ƒ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์ƒ ์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ข…๋“ค์ด ๋„๋ฆฌ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค. Burkholderia ์† (genus) ์€ ์ด์ฐจ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ์‚ฐ๋ฌผ์„ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธธํ•ญ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์‹๋ฌผ์ƒ์žฅ์ด‰์ง„ ํšจ๊ณผ, ํ•ญ์ง„๊ท  ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค [4-7]. ๋ฐ”์‹ค๋Ÿฌ ๊ตญ๋ฆฝ๋‚™๋™๊ฐ•์ƒ๋ฌผ์ž์›๊ด€ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์‹ค Microbial Research Department, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources (NNIBR), Sangju 37242, Korea Tel: +82-54-530-0870, Fax: +82-54-530-0879, e-mail: [email protected] Research Paper

Transcript of Pantoea sp. S3W-11 Antibacterial Activities of Strain ...

Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineering Journal 35(1): 64-71 (2020)http://dx.doi.org/10.7841/ksbbj.2020.35.1.64 ISSN 1225-7117 / eISSN 2288-8268

Pantoea sp. S3W-11์˜ ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ฐฐ์–‘ ์ตœ์ ํ™”

๋‚จ์˜ํ˜ธ, ์ตœ์•„์˜, ์ •์œ ์ง„*

Antibacterial Activities of Strain Pantoea sp. S3W-11 and

Optimization of Culture Conditions

Young Ho Nam, Ahyoung Choi and Eu Jin Chung*

Received: 13 October 2019 / Revised: 7 January 2020 / Accepted: 18 March 2020

ยฉ 2020 The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineering

Abstract: In this study, 46 bacteria strains were isolated from

water and soil collected from Geumjin-ri, Ganggu-ri and

Namseock-ri in Yeongdeok-Gun to screen antibacterial bacte-

ria against various pathogenic bacteria. Among them, strain

S3W-11 showed an excellent growth inhibition against methi-

cillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and

Escherichia coli. As a result of the 16S rRNA gene sequence

analysis, strain S3W-11 showed the high similarity with Pan-

toea vagans LMG 24199T, Pantoea agglomerans DSM 3493T,

Pantoea conspicua LMG 24534T 99.64%, 99.58%, 99.18%,

respectively. The effects of culture medium composition, tem-

perature, and initial pH on the cell growth and antibacterial

activity were confirmed for culture optimization of strain S3W-

11. Optimal conditions for growth and antibacterial activity in

strain S3W-11 were found to be: YPD medium, 25oC and pH

6.5. When the strain was cultured in LB, NB, TSB, and R2A

media, the antibacterial activity has not been confirmed. Opti-

mal reaction time was 48 h in YPD medium, 100 rpm and 0.3

vvm in 2 L-scale fed-batch fermentation process for antimi-

crobial activity. Strain S3W-11 can be improved on antibacte-

rial activity in optimal culture conditions (YPD medium, 25oC

and pH 6.5). Therefore, the antibacterial activity of Pantoea

sp. S3W-11 had potential as antibiotics for pathogens includ-

ing MRSA.

Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Pantoea sp. S3W-11, methi-

cillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

1. INTRODUCTION

์ธ๋ฅ˜ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ํ•ญ์ƒ์ œ๋Š” ํŽ˜๋‹ˆ์‹ค๋ฆฐ (Pennicillin)์ด๋‹ค. 1943๋…„ ํŽ˜

๋‹ˆ์‹ค๋ฆฐ์ด ํ™”ํ•™์  ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ์ธ๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ƒ๋ช…์„ ์œ„ํ˜‘

ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธ๊ท ๊ฐ์—ผ์˜ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ๋„๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค [1]. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜,

์–ผ๋งˆ ์ง€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„ 1940๋…„์— ์ด๋ฏธ ํŽ˜๋‹ˆ์‹ค๋ฆฐ์— ๋‚ด์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํฌ

๋„์•Œ๊ตฌ๊ท  (penicillin-R Staphylococcus)์ด ๋“ฑ์žฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์ดํ›„,

1960๋…„ ๋ฉ”ํ‹ฐ์‹ค๋ฆฐ, 1972๋…„ ๋ฐ˜์ฝ”๋งˆ์ด์‹ , 1998๋…„ ์ด๋ฏธํŽ˜๋„ด,

2003๋…„ ๋Žํ† ๋งˆ์ด์‹  ๋“ฑ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํ•ญ์ƒ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๋“ค์—

๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚ด์„ฑ๋„ ์ž‡๋”ฐ๋ž๋‹ค. 2016๋…„ ์˜๊ตญ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•œ ใ€Œํ•ญ์ƒ์ œ

๋‚ด์„ฑ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œใ€์—๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ 70๋งŒ ์ด์ƒ์ด ๋‚ด์„ฑ ๋ฐ•

ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์•„์˜ ๊ฐ์—ผ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ˆจ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‹ ์„ธ๋Œ€ ํ•ญ์ƒ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ

๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด 2050๋…„์—๋Š” 1000๋งŒ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ง๊ณผ 100์กฐ ๋‹ฌ

๋Ÿฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์†์‹ค์ด ์ดˆ๋ž˜๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค [2].

ํ•ญ์ƒ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด๋ž€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ธ๊ท ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ฐœ์œก๊ณผ ๋ฒˆ์‹์„ ์–ต

์ œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“  ์•ฝ์„ ํ•ญ์ƒ์ œ

(antibiotics)๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ข€ ๋” ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ์˜ ํ•ญ๊ท ์ œ (antimi-

crobials)๋ผ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ํ‘œ์  ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ์„ธ

๊ท ์ผ ๋•Œ ํ•ญ์„ธ๊ท ์ œ, ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์ผ ๋•Œ ํ•ญ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์ œ, ๊ณฐํŒก์ด์ผ

๋•Œ ํ•ญ์ง„๊ท ์ œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅธ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ธ๊ท ์„ ์ฃฝ์ด๋Š” ํ•ญ์„ธ๊ท 

์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ญ์ƒ์ œ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค [3]. ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ•ญ์ƒ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์ƒ

์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ข…๋“ค์ด ๋„๋ฆฌ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค. Burkholderia ์†

(genus)์€ ์ด์ฐจ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ์‚ฐ๋ฌผ์„ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธธํ•ญ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ

์žˆ๊ณ , ์‹๋ฌผ์ƒ์žฅ์ด‰์ง„ ํšจ๊ณผ, ํ•ญ์ง„๊ท  ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค [4-7]. ๋ฐ”์‹ค๋Ÿฌ

๊ตญ๋ฆฝ๋‚™๋™๊ฐ•์ƒ๋ฌผ์ž์›๊ด€ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์‹คMicrobial Research Department, Nakdonggang National Institute ofBiological Resources (NNIBR), Sangju 37242, KoreaTel: +82-54-530-0870, Fax: +82-54-530-0879,e-mail: [email protected]

Research Paper

Pantoea sp. S3W-11์˜ ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ฐฐ์–‘ ์ตœ์ ํ™” 65

์Šค (Bacillus) ์ข…์€ ์ž์—ฐ๊ณ„ ๋„๋ฆฌ ๋ถ„ํฌํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฒ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋„“์€ ํ•ญ๊ท 

๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณ‘์›์„ฑ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์„ ์–ต์ œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• 

์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”์‹ค๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” 2์ฐจ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ

์‚ฐ๋ฌผ์€ ํ•ญ๊ท ๋ฒ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋„“๊ณ  ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ํ•ญ๊ท ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜

ํ•œ, ํฌ์ž๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์ž์—ฐํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ์ €ํ•ญ๋ ฅ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ

์‚ด์•„๋‚จ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค [8]. ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ๋น„๋ฐ”์‹ค๋Ÿฌ์Šค (Brevibacillus)๋Š” 1996๋…„

๋ฐ”์‹ค๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์ข…์—์„œ ์žฌ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋œ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ์†์œผ๋กœ chitinase์™€

gramicin S๊ฐ™์€ 2์ฐจ๋Œ€์‚ฌ์‚ฐ๋ฌผ์„ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋žŒ์–‘์„ฑ ๋ฐ ์Œ์„ฑ

์„ธ๊ท  ๋ชจ๋‘์— ํ™œ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•ญ๊ท ์ œ๋กœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€์น˜

๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ ์ข…์ด๋‹ค [9-11].

์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ, ํ•ญ๊ท ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ์ œ, ์ฒœ์—ฐ

์‹๋ฌผ๋ณดํ˜ธ์ œ, ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ์ฒจ๊ฐ€์ œ ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์šฉ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ ์‚ฐ

์—…์ด ๊ฐ๊ด‘์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋“ค์˜ ์œ ์šฉ๋ฌผ์งˆ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ผ

์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์–‘์กฐ๊ฑด, ์ •์ œ๊ณต์ • ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ตœ์ ํ™” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์ด

๋Œ€๋‘๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ „์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์š”์ธ, pH, ์˜จ๋„,

๊ณต๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์–‘์กฐ๊ฑด์ด ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์˜ ์„ธํฌ์ƒ์žฅ์„ฑ๊ณผ ํ•ญ์ƒ๋ฌผ์งˆ

์ƒ์‚ฐ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค [12,13].

ํŠนํžˆ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•œ S3W-11๊ท ์ฃผ์™€ ๊ทผ์—ฐ์ข…์ธ Pantoea

vagans์™€ Pantoea agglomerans๋Š” Erwinia amylovora์— ์˜ํ•ด

๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฐ๋‚˜๋ฌดํ™”์ƒ๋ณ‘์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ๋ฐฉ์ œ์ œ (bio-

control agent)์˜ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ ์†Œ์žฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. P. vagans C9-1์€

๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ณผ ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์— ๋“ฑ๋ก๋œ ์ƒ์šฉํ™”๋œ ์•ฝ์ œ์ธ BlightBan C9-1S

(NuFarms America)๋กœ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋‘ ์ข…์˜ P. agglomerans

(E325, P10c)๋„ ๋ฐฐ๋‚˜๋ฌดํ™”์ƒ๋ณ‘ ๋ฐฉ์ œ์ œ๋กœ ์ƒ์šฉํ™”๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. P.

vagans C9-1๋Š” ์ด์ฐจ๋Œ€์‚ฌ์‚ฐ๋ฌผ๋กœ pantocin A๋ฅผ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ด€๋ จ

์œ ์ „์ž ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ด ์ด์ „์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋ฐํ˜€์ง„ ๋ฐ” ์žˆ๋‹ค [14]. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฐ”

์ด์˜ค ์†Œ์žฌ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์‹œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”๊ฑด์€ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์„

๋•Œ ๊ทธ ํšจ๊ณผ์™€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ™•๋ณด์— ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ƒ์šฉ๋ฐฐ์ง€ ์„ ์ •

๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด ํ•ญ๊ท ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋Œ€ํ™” ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒ์šฉ๋ฐฐ

์ง€๋ฅผ ํƒ์ƒ‰ ํ•œ ๋’ค ์„ ์ •๋œ ๋ฐฐ์ง€ ์กฐ์„ฑ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ €๋ ดํ•œ

๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰๋ฐฐ์–‘์šฉ ๋ฐฐ์ง€ ์ œ์ž‘์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ ํ™•๋ณด์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๋˜ํ•œ, ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์–‘์˜จ๋„, ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์–‘ ์ตœ์ ํ™” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ†ต

ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰๋ฐฐ์–‘ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ๋Œ€๋น„ ํšจ๊ณผ ์ฆ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ ์ œ์ œ ์ œ์กฐ์‹œ์—

๋„ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ๋ฉด์—์„œ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋ณธ ์—ฐ

๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์œ ํ•ด๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์— ํ•ญ๊ท  ํ™œ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์œ ํ•œ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ Pantoea

sp. S3W-11์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ท ์ฃผ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์ง€, ๋ฐฐ์–‘ ์˜จ๋„, ์ดˆ๊ธฐ

pH๋ณ„ ์ƒ์žฅ๊ณผ ํ™œ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ตœ์  ๋ฐฐ์–‘์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž

ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์œ ์šฉ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์–‘์ตœ์ ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ•ญ๊ท  ํ™œ์„ฑ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์˜

์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ ๊ทน๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ํ™œ์šฉ๋„๋ฅผ ์ฆ๋Œ€์‹œํ‚ค

๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2. MATERIALS AND METHODS

2.1. ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ๋™์ •

๋ณธ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฝ๋ถ ์˜๋•๊ตฐ ๊ธˆ์ง„๋ฆฌ, ๊ฐ•๊ตฌ๋ฆฌ, ๋‚จ์„๋ฆฌ ์ธ๊ทผ

3์ง€์ ์—์„œ ๋ฌผ์‹œ๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ ํ† ์–‘์‹œ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ฑ„์ทจํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์งˆํ™˜๊ฒฝ์€

๋ฉ€ํ‹ฐ์ˆ˜์งˆ์ธก์ •๊ธฐ์ธ YSI (556MPS)๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค

(Table 1). ์ฑ„์ทจํ•œ ์‹œ๋ฃŒ๋Š” 0.85%(w/v) NaCl ์šฉ์•ก์— ์—ฐ์† ํฌ์„

ํ•˜์—ฌ Reasonerโ€™s2A agar (R2A, Difco) ๊ณ ์ฒด๋ฐฐ์ง€์— ๋„๋งํ•œ ํ›„,

25oC์—์„œ 3์ผ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐฐ์–‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ท ์ฒด์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์  ํŠน์„ฑ์—

๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ฐฐ์–‘ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ฑฐ์ณ ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์œ ์ „์ž ๋ถ„์„์„œ๋น„์Šค๋Š” Macrogen์— ์˜๋ขฐํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ

์ƒ๋ฌผ์˜ ํ•ต์‚ฐ์€ Qiagen DNeasy Tissue Kit๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถ”์ถœํ•˜

์˜€๊ณ , 16S rRNA ์œ ์ „์ž์˜ ์ฆํญ์€ universal primer (27F, 5โ€™-

AGAGTTTGATCMTGGCTCAG-3โ€™์™€ 1492R, 5โ€™-TACGGYTA

CCTTGTTACGACTT-3โ€™)๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. EzBioCloud [15]๋ฅผ

์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์€ ์œ ์ „์ž ์„œ์—ด์„ ํš๋“, ๋น„๊ต ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„

์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2.2. ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ๋ณด์œ  ๊ท ์ฃผ ํƒ์ƒ‰

์ˆœ์ˆ˜๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•œ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ ์ค‘ ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ ๋ณด์œ  ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์„ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„

ํ•ด 3์ข…์˜ ํ‘œ์ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ํ•ญ๊ท ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฐ ๋ฏธ์ƒ

๋ฌผ๋“ค์€ ํ•œ๊ตญ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋ณด์กด์„ผํ„ฐ (KCCM), ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ž์›์„ผํ„ฐ (KCTC)

์—์„œ methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus

KCCM 40510, Bacillus cereus KCTC 3624, Escherichia coli

KCTC 2443์„ ๋ถ„์–‘๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค. ํ‘œ์  ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์„ 30oC, 24์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์•ก์ฒด

๋ฐฐ์–‘ ํ•œ ๋’ค, ๋ฐฐ์–‘์•ก์„ ๋ถ„๊ด‘๊ด‘๋„๊ณ„ (Novaspec spectrophotometer,

Biochrom, Cambridge, UK)๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ OD600๊ฐ’ 0.4~0.5๋กœ ํฌ

์„ ํ›„ 100 ยตl๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์ฒด๋ฐฐ์ง€์— ๋„๋งํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ํ›„ ์ˆœ์ˆ˜๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•œ ๊ท 

์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๋„๋ง๋ฐฐ์ง€ ์œ„์— streaking ํ•œ ํ›„ 28oC, 24์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ •์น˜๋ฐฐ์–‘

ํ›„ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ์–ต์ œ์ง€๋Œ€ (clear zone) ๊ด€์ฐฐ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด 1์ฐจ๋กœ ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ

Table 1. Location information

Location

Water

Temperature

(โ„ƒ)

Electrical

conductivity

(ยตS/cm)

DO

(%)

DO

(mg/L)pH

Sal

(%)Latitude/Longitude

S1

Geumjin-ri,

Ganggu-myeon,

Yeongdeok-gun

11.4 490.99 126.9 11.34 8.0 31.97 36ยฐ22'04.1"N 129ยฐ23'42.3"E

S2

Ganggu-ri,

Ganggu-myeon,

Yeongdeok-gun

12.6 181.0 104.3 11.02 6.88 0.92 36ยฐ21'44.1"N 129ยฐ22'56.1"E

S3

Namseok-ri,

Yeongdeok-eup,

Yeongdeok-gun

12.7 159.2 108.5 11.50 7.0 0.08 36ยฐ24'41.3"N 129ยฐ21'51.0"E

66 Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineering Journal 35(1): 64-71 (2020)

๋ณด์œ  ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ ๋ฐœ๋œ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์„ 30oC, 48์‹œ๊ฐ„,

130 rpm์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํƒ•๋ฐฐ์–‘ํ•œ ํ›„, ๋ฐฐ์–‘์ƒ๋“ฑ์•ก์„ ํ•„ํ„ฐ (0.22 ยตm ํฌ

๊ธฐ)๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ณผํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฐฐ์–‘์—ฌ์•ก 400 ยตl๋ฅผ ์ข…์ด๋””์Šคํฌ (paper

disc)์— ์˜ฌ๋ ค ์™„์ „๊ฑด์กฐ ํ›„ ํ‘œ์ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด ๋„๋ง๋œ ๊ณ ์ฒด๋ฐฐ์ง€์—

์˜ฌ๋ ค 28oC, 24์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ •์น˜๋ฐฐ์–‘ ํ›„ ์–ต์ œ์ง€๋Œ€ (inhibition zone)๋ฅผ

ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2.3. ๊ณ„ํ†ต๋„ ์ž‘์„ฑ

ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ ํƒ์ƒ‰ ํ›„, ์ตœ์ข… ์„ ์ •๋œ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ณ„ํ†ต๋„๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜์˜€

๋‹ค. Multiple alignment๋Š” CLUSTAL X program์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ

์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค [16]. ๊ทธ ์ดํ›„์— BioEdit program [17]์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜

์—ฌ ์—ผ๊ธฐ์„œ์—ด๋“ค์„ ์ •๋ ฌํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ณ„ํ†ต์ˆ˜๋Š” MEGA 7 program [18]

์—์„œ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” neighbor-joining [19], maximum-likelihood

Table 2. Strains obtained from Yeongdeok-gun province

No. Strains Isolation source Closest type strain (accession number, similarity) Location

1 S1S-1 Soil Bacillus funiculus (AB049195, 99.93%)

Geumjin-ri

2 S1S-2 Soil Rouxiella silvae (KX784908, 99.56%)

3 S1S-3 Soil Bacillus megaterium (CP009920.1, 99.93%)

4 S1S-4 Soil Bacillus altitudinis (ASJC01000029, 100%)

5 S1S-5 Soil Bacillus velezensis (AY603658, 98.8%)

6 S1S-7 Soil Bacillus thuringiensis (NR_024928.1, 99.93%)

7 S1S-8 Soil Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (FN597644.1, 99.8%)

8 S1S-10 Soil Bacillus mobilis (KJ812449, 100%)

9 S1S-11 Soil Paenarthrobacter nitroguajacolicus (AJ512504, 99.93%)

10 S2S-1 Soil Bacillus asahii (NR_024817.1, 99.84%)

Ganggu-ri

11 S2S-2 Soil Psychrobacter piscatorii (NR_112807.1, 100%)

12 S2S-3 Soil Shewanella baltica (NR_025267.1, 98.7%)

13 S2S-4 Soil Paenibacillus lupini (KF769449, 99.39%)

14 S2S-5 Soil Streptomyces lannensis (NR_113181.1, 100%)

15 S2S-6 Soil Oerskovia turbata (NR_029279.1, 99.17%)

16 S2S-7 Soil Bacillus wiedmannii (KU198626.1, 99.93%)

17 S2S-8 Soil Raoultella ornithinolytica (NR_114736.1, 100%)

18 S2S-9 Soil Exiguobacterium sibiricum (NR_075006.1, 99.66%)

19 S2S-10 Soil Acinetobacter harbinensis (KC843488.1, 99.77%)

20 S2S-11 Soil Pseudomonas frederiksbergensis (NR_117177.1, 99.52%)

21 S2S-12 Soil Pseudomonas poae (AJ492829.1, 99.86%)

22 S2S-13 Soil Pedobacter koreensis (NR_113980.1, 99.93%)

23 S2S-14 Soil Pseudomonas poae (AJ492829.1, 99.86%)

24 S2W-1 Surface water Serratia glossinae (FJ790328, 99.86%)

25 S2W-2 Surface water Pseudomonas lurida (AJ581999, 99.66%)

26 S2W-3 Surface water Sphingomonas kyungheensis (NR_118263.1, 99.86%)

27 S2W-4 Surface water Pseudomonas peli (NR_042451.1, 99.93%)

28 S3S-3 Surface water Bacillus megaterium (CP009920.1, 99.93%)

Namseock-ri

29 S3S-4 Surface water Pseudomonas moorei (AM293566, 98.82%)

30 S3S-5 Surface water Bacillus mobilis (KJ812449, 99.93%)

31 S3S-6 Surface water Pseudomonas azotoformans (LT629702.1, 99.79%)

32 S3S-7 Surface water Pseudomonas frederiksbergensis (NR_117177.1, 99.52%)

33 S3S-8 Surface water Bacillus toyonensis (NR_121761.1, 99.93%)

34 S3S-9 Surface water Pantoea vagans (EF688012, 99.57%)

35 S3W-1 Surface water Pseudomonas baetica (FM201274, 99.59%)

36 S3W-2 Surface water Pseudomonas protegens (CP003190.1, 99%)

37 S3W-3 Surface water Aeromonas sobria (NR_037012.2, 99.86%)

38 S3W-4 Surface water Leptothrix cholodnii (ASJC01000029, 99.93%)

39 S3W-5 Surface water Exiguobacterium artemiae (AM072763, 99.86%)

40 S3W-6 Surface water Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida (NR_043324.1, 99.86%)

41 S3W-7 Surface water Exiguobacterium undae (NR_043477.1, 99.8%)

42 S3W-8 Surface water Bacillus marisflavi (NR_025240.1, 100%)

43 S3W-9 Surface water Xanthomonas cynarae (AF208315, 100%)

44 S3W-10 Surface water Caulobacter flavus (AF208315, 99.15%)

45 S3W-11 Surface water Pantoea vagans (LMG 24199, 99.64%)

46 S3W-12 Surface water Micrococcus yunnanensis (FJ214355, 99.79%)

Pantoea sp. S3W-11์˜ ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ฐฐ์–‘ ์ตœ์ ํ™” 67

[20] ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  maximum-parsimony [21] algorithms์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ

์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋œ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์˜ 16S rRNA ์œ ์ „์ž์˜ ์ƒ๋™

์„ฑ์€ EzBioCloud๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Bootstrap values๋Š”

1,000 replicates๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค [22].

2.4. ์ƒ์žฅ๊ณผ ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฐ์–‘์กฐ๊ฑด ์ตœ์ ํ™”

์ตœ์ข… ์„ ๋ฐœํ•œ ํ•ญ๊ท ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ตœ์  ๋ฐฐ์–‘์กฐ๊ฑด ์„ค์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์ง€,

์˜จ๋„, ์ดˆ๊ธฐ pH๋ณ„ ์ƒ์œก ๋ฐ ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๋ฐฐ์–‘

์กฐ๊ฑด์€ ์„ ๋ฐœ๋œ ํ•ญ๊ท ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์„ ์ข…๊ท  (seed culture)์œผ๋กœ 3%(v/

v)๋กœ ์ ‘์ข…ํ•˜์—ฌ, 28oC, 100 rpm์œผ๋กœ 2์ผ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐฐ์–‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฐฐ์ง€๋Š”

LB, NA, TSB, YPD, R2A, Bennett`s์˜ ์ƒ์šฉํ™”๋œ ๋ฐฐ์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ

ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐฐ์ง€์ข…๋ฅ˜๋ณ„ ์ƒ์œก ๋ฐ ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์˜จ๋„๋Š”

20oC, 25oC, 30oC, 35oC, 40oC์—์„œ ์˜จ๋„๋ณ„๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์–‘ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ,

pH๋Š” 5.5~8.5๊นŒ์ง€ 0.5๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์ง€์˜ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ pH๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•œ ํ›„

๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์ตœ์ข… ๋ฐฐ์–‘๋ฌผ์˜ ์ƒ์œก ๋ฐ ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์œ„์˜

๋ฐฐ์–‘์กฐ๊ฑด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ 5 L fermenter๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋Œ€๋ณ„

๋ฐฐ์–‘์•ก์˜ ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ญ๊ท ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„

์ƒ์‚ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์–‘์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

3.1. ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ 2018๋…„ 3์›” 13์ผ ์˜๋•๊ตฐ ๊ธˆ์ง„๋ฆฌ, ๊ฐ•๊ตฌ๋ฆฌ,

๋‚จ์„๋ฆฌ 3๊ฐœ ์ง€์ ์—์„œ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ํ™์‹œ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ฑ„์ทจํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ธˆ์ง„

๋ฆฌ, ๊ฐ•๊ตฌ๋ฆฌ, ๋‚จ์„๋ฆฌ์˜ ์—ผ๋†๋„๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ 31.92%, 0.92%, 0.08%

๋กœ ํ•ด์ˆ˜, ๊ธฐ์ˆ˜์—ญ, ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ•˜์ฒœ (๊ฒฝ๋ถ ์˜๋•๊ตฐ ๊ฐ•๊ตฌ๋ฉด ์˜ค์‹ญ์ฒœ) ์ƒ˜

ํ”Œ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. 3๊ฐœ ์ง€์ ์—์„œ ์ด 46๊ท ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , 16S rRNA

์œ ์ „์ž ์—ผ๊ธฐ์„œ์—ด์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋™์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ธˆ์ง„๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ™ ์‹œ๋ฃŒ

์—์„œ ์ด 9์ฃผ, ๊ฐ•๊ตฌ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด 18์ฃผ, ๋‚จ์„๋ฆฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด 19์ฃผ๋ฅผ

๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค (Table 2).

3.2. ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ ๋ณด์œ  ๊ท ์ฃผ ํƒ์ƒ‰

์ˆœ์ˆ˜๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋œ 46์ข…์˜ ๊ท ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ B. cereus์™€ methicillin-

resistant S. aureus์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ ๋ณด์œ  ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์„ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ

๊ณผ, ํš์„ ํ‰ํŒ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ๋ฐฐ์–‘์—ฌ์•ก์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ paper disc๋ฒ• ์—์„œ ํ™œ์„ฑ

์„ ๋ณด์œ ํ•œ ๊ท ์ฃผ๋“ค์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. S1S-2, S3W-2, S3W-11 ์ด 3

์ข…์˜ ๊ท ์ฃผ์—์„œ ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์–ต์ œ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํฐ

S3W-11๊ท ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์ตœ์ข…์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค (Fig. 1). ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ์„

๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  Rouxiella silvae ์™€ 99.56% ์œ ์‚ฌ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋˜ S1S-2

๊ท ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์–‘ ์ตœ์ ํ™” ๋ฐ ์ƒ๋ฆฌ์  ํŠน์„ฑ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ด๋‹ค.

3.3. ๊ณ„ํ†ต๋„ ์ž‘์„ฑ

S3W-11๊ท ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ทผ์—ฐ์ข…๋“ค๊ณผ 16S rRNA ์œ ์ „์ž ์—ผ๊ธฐ์„œ์—ด ๋ถ„์„

์— ์˜ํ•œ ๊ณ„ํ†ต๋ถ„์„์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, S3W-11๊ท ์ฃผ๋Š”

Pantoea vagans LMG 24199T, Pantoea agglomerans DSM

3493T, Pantoea conspicua LMG 24534T์™€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ 99.64%,

99.58%, 99.18%์˜ ์ƒ๋™์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๊ณ  Pantoea ์† (genus)์— ์†

ํ•˜๋Š” ์ข… (species)์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค (Fig. 2).

3.4. ์ƒ์šฉ ๋ฐฐ์ง€๋ณ„ ์ƒ์œก ๋ฐ ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ ๋น„๊ต

S3W-11๊ท ์ฃผ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์–‘๋ฐฐ์ง€ ์ตœ์ ํ™” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ƒ์šฉ๋ฐฐ์ง€ LB,

NB, TSB, YPD, R2A, Bennettโ€™s ๋ฐฐ์ง€์—์„œ ๊ท ์ฃผ ์ƒ์œก๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ pH

๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ์ƒ์œก์„ ๋ณด์ธ ๋ฐฐ์ง€๋Š” LB, TSB๋ฐฐ์ง€

๋กœ OD๊ฐ’์ด ๊ฐ๊ฐ 1.9, 1.8๋กœ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , NB๋ฐฐ์ง€์—์„œ๋Š” OD

๊ฐ’์ด 0.4๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ƒ์œก์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค (Fig. 3(A)). S3W-11 ๊ท 

์ฃผ๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์ง€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ƒ์œก์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ƒ์šฉ๋ฐฐ์ง€์— ๋”ฐ

๋ฅธ ์ตœ์ข… ๋ฐฐ์–‘์•ก์˜ pH๋Š” 3.5~8.1 ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. S3W-11 ๊ท 

์ฃผ์˜ ์ƒ์šฉ ๋ฐฐ์ง€๋ณ„ ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ ํ™•์ธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, B. cereus, S. aureus,

E. coli 3์ข…์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ YPD๋ฐฐ์ง€์—์„œ ๊ฐ๊ฐ 4 mm, 4 mm, 2 mm

์˜ ์–ต์ œ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒ์šฉ๋ฐฐ์ง€ ๋ฐฐ์–‘์•ก์—์„œ๋Š” ํ™œ

์„ฑ์ด ์ „ํ˜€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ์ตœ์ ๋ฐฐ์ง€๋กœ YPD๋ฐฐ์ง€๋ฅผ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€

๋‹ค (Fig. 3(B), Fig. 3(C)). ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋˜ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋ฐฐ์ง€๋Š”

YPD๋ฐฐ์ง€๋กœ ์กฐ์„ฑ์€ dextrose 2%, yeast extract 1%, peptone

2%์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ S3W-11๊ท ์ฃผ์˜ ํ•ญ๊ท ๋ฌผ์งˆ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ

๋ฐฐ์ง€์˜ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ํ•จ๋Ÿ‰์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. S3W-11๊ท ์ฃผ์˜ ์ตœ์ ๋ฐฐ์ง€

๋Š” YPD๋กœ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ์ดํ›„ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ์˜จ๋„, ์ดˆ๊ธฐ pH๋ณ„ ์ƒ์œก

๋ฐ ํ™œ์„ฑ๋น„๊ต ์‹คํ—˜์€ YPD๋ฐฐ์ง€์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์–‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3.5. ๋ฐฐ์–‘์˜จ๋„๋ณ„ ์ƒ์œก ๋ฐ ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ ๋น„๊ต

์ตœ์  ๋ฐฐ์ง€๋กœ ์„ ์ •๋œ YPD ๋ฐฐ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜จ๋„๋ณ„ ์ƒ์œก์„ ๋น„

๊ตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ƒ์œก๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ pH๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ท ์ฒด์„ฑ์žฅ์€ 20~

35oC ๋ฒ”์œ„์—์„œ ๊ณ ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ž˜ ์ƒ์žฅํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์˜จ๋„๋ณ„ ์กฐ๊ฑด

์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ์ƒ์œก์„ ๋ณด์ธ ์˜จ๋„๋Š” 25oC๋กœ OD๊ฐ’์ด 1.4์˜€๋‹ค.

๋ฐฐ์–‘์˜จ๋„ 40oC์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ €์กฐํ•œ ์ƒ์œก์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ OD

๊ฐ’์ด 0.1๋กœ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜จ๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ตœ์ข… ๋ฐฐ์–‘์•ก์˜ pH๋Š”

Fig. 1. Antimicrobial activity against B. cereus (A) and S. aureus

(B) of isolated strains from Yeongdeok-gun.

68 Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineering Journal 35(1): 64-71 (2020)

3.3~4.9 ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค (Fig. 4(A)). S3W-11๊ท ์ฃผ์˜ ์˜จ๋„

๋ณ„ ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ ํ™•์ธ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, B. cereus, S. aureus, E. coli 3์ข…์— ๋Œ€

ํ•˜์—ฌ 25oC ์˜จ๋„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค (Fig.

4(B), Fig. 4(C)). 25oC, 20oC, 30oC, 35oC์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ํ™œ์„ฑ์„ ์ฐจ์ด

๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, 40oC ์˜จ๋„์˜ ๋ฐฐ์–‘์•ก์—์„œ๋Š” ํ™œ์„ฑ์„ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋‚˜

ํƒ€๋‚ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ ์ตœ์  ๋ฐฐ์–‘์˜จ๋„๋Š” 25oC๋กœ

์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3.5. ์ดˆ๊ธฐ pH๋ณ„ ์ƒ์œก ๋ฐ ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ ๋น„๊ต

์ตœ์  ๋ฐฐ์ง€๋กœ ์„ ์ •๋œ YPD ๋ฐฐ์ง€์™€ ์ตœ์  ๋ฐฐ์–‘์˜จ๋„ 25oC์—์„œ ์ดˆ

๊ธฐ pH๋ณ„ ์ƒ์œก์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ƒ์œก๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ pH๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๊ท ์ฒด์˜ ์ƒ์žฅ์€ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ pH 8.5์—์„œ OD๊ฐ’ 2.2๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž˜ ์ƒ์žฅํ•˜

์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ดˆ๊ธฐ pH 5.5์—์„œ๋Š” OD๊ฐ’ 0.96์œผ๋กœ ์ €์กฐํ•œ ์ƒ์žฅ์„ ๋‚˜

ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ดˆ๊ธฐ pH๋ณ„๋กœ ๊ท ์ฃผ ์ƒ์œก์— ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ

pH๊ฐ€ ๋†’์•„์งˆ ์ˆ˜๋ก ๊ท ์ฃผ์˜ ์ƒ์žฅ์ด ์ฆ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€

Fig. 2. Neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showing the relationships among isolates belonging to

the order Pantoea sp. S3W-11 and related taxa. Numbers at nodes indicated bootstrap percentage (above 50%) based on 1,000

resampled data sets. Bar, 0.01 substitutions per nucleotide position.

Fig. 3. Growth, pH (A), antimicrobial activities (B) and bioassay pictures (C) of Pantoea sp. S3W-11 according to commercial media.

Pantoea sp. S3W-11์˜ ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ฐฐ์–‘ ์ตœ์ ํ™” 69

๋‹ค (Fig. 5(A)). ์ดˆ๊ธฐpH์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ตœ์ข… ๋ฐฐ์–‘์•ก์˜ pH ์ธก์ •๊ฒฐ๊ณผ,

3.6~4.1 ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. S3W-11 ๊ท ์ฃผ์˜ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ pH๋ณ„ ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ

์„ฑ ํ™•์ธ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, B. cereus, S. aureus, E. coli 3์ข…์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ pH 6.5

์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค (Fig. 5(B), Fig. 5(C)).

3.6. S3W-11๊ท ์ฃผ์˜ ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ ์ตœ์  ๋ฐฐ์–‘์กฐ๊ฑด

S3W-11๊ท ์ฃผ๋Š” 5 L fermenter๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ์  ๋ฐฐ์–‘์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์กฐ

๊ฑด์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด์ „ ์‹คํ—˜๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ์„ ์ •๋œ ์ตœ์ ์กฐ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ๊ต

๋ฐ˜์†๋„ 100 rpm, ํ†ต๊ธฐ๋Ÿ‰์€ 0.3 vvm (aeration volume/medium

Fig. 4. Growth, pH (A) and antimicrobial activities (B) and bioassay pictures (C) of Pantoea sp. S3W-11 according to culture temperature.

Fig. 5. Growth, pH (A) and antimicrobial activities (B) and bioassay pictures (C) of Pantoea sp. S3W-11 according to initial pH.

70 Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineering Journal 35(1): 64-71 (2020)

volume/minute) ์กฐ๊ฑดํ•˜์— ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ƒ์œกํŒจํ„ด ํ™•์ธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ,

์ ‘์ข… ํ›„ ๋ฐฐ์–‘ 48์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ •์ง€๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ

๋‹ค (Fig. 6). ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ณ„๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์–‘์•ก์„ ํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ B. cereus, S. aureus,

E. coli 3์ข…์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์–‘์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ณ„ ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๋ฐฐ์–‘์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ณ„ ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ ํ™•์ธ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋Œ€์ˆ˜๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ •์ง€๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด

์„  48์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ›„ ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฐฐ์–‘ 120์‹œ๊ฐ„๊นŒ์ง€

ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ์€ ๋” ์ฆ๋Œ€๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์œ ์ง€๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค

(Fig. 6). ์ตœ์  ๋ฐฐ์–‘์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์ ‘์ข… ํ›„ 48์‹œ๊ฐ„๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฐฐ์–‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด

๊ฐ€์žฅ ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ญ๊ท  ์œ ์šฉ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์กฐ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ

ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ตœ์ข…์ ์œผ๋กœ S3W-11 ๊ท ์ฃผ์˜ ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ ์ฆ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ

์ตœ์ ํ™” ๋ฐฐ์ง€๋Š” YPD๋กœ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , YPD ๋ฐฐ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜

๋ฐฐ์–‘ ๋ฐ ์ตœ์ ํ™”๋œ ์กฐ๊ฑดํ•˜์— 48์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐฐ์–‘ ํ›„ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™•์ธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

์•ฝ 40%์˜ ํ•ญ๊ท  ํ™œ์„ฑํšจ๋Šฅ์ด ์ฆ๋Œ€๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

S3W-11๊ท ์ฃผ๋Š” ํ•ญ๊ท ํ™œ์„ฑ ๋ฌผ์งˆ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์‹œ 5 L fermenter์˜ ์ตœ์ 

๋ฐฐ์–‘์กฐ๊ฑด์€ YPD๋ฐฐ์ง€, ๋ฐฐ์–‘์˜จ๋„ 25oC, ์ดˆ๊ธฐ pH 6.5, 48์‹œ๊ฐ„

๋ฐฐ์–‘์กฐ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด ์กฐ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์–‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ

ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ญ๊ท ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์กฐ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค.

ํ•ญ๊ท ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ •์ œํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹จ์ผ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ๊ฒƒ

์ธ์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ , ํ™”ํ•™์  ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ทœ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์•„

์šธ๋Ÿฌ ์„ธํฌ ๋ฐ ๋™๋ฌผ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ธ์ฒด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…์„ฑ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋„ ํŒŒ

์•…ํ•˜์—ฌ, ์‚ฐ์—…์šฉ ์†Œ์žฌ๋กœ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค.

Acknowledgements

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ถ€ ์‚ฐํ•˜ ๊ตญ๋ฆฝ๋‚™๋™๊ฐ•์ƒ๋ฌผ์ž์›๊ด€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ณผ์ œ (โ€˜์‚ฐ

์—…ํ™”์œ ๋ง๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰๋ฐฐ์–‘๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœโ€™, NNIBR201902113)์—

์„œ ์ง€์›๋ฐ›์•˜์Œ.

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