Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP
Transcript of Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP
![Page 1: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Pandian M Dept of Physiology
DYPMCKOP
![Page 2: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Aim
Principle
Apparatus
Procedure
Precaution
![Page 3: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
PRINCIPLE:
BLOOD SMEAR IS PREPARED, STAINED WITH
LEISHMAN’S STAIN AND CELLS ARE IDENTIFIEDUNDER
OIL IMMERSION LENS.
![Page 4: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4-5 GLASS SLIDES
LANCET/ SPRIT/COTTON
LEISHMAN’S STAIN
MICROSCOPE
CEDAR WOOD OIL
DISTILLED WATER
STAINING TRAY
![Page 5: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
preparation of blood smear
staining of blood smear
Examination of smear under oil immersion(100x) lens
![Page 6: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
selection of spreader
◦which has smooth edge, without coarse or uneven edge should
be avoided.
◦wash out the grease or oil, if it present in the glass slides as
well as at the edge of the spreader slide.
◦we have to use oil and grease free slides.
![Page 7: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
tongue shaped ( head ,body, tail)
should cover 2/3rd of the slide
Should not be thick
(single cell thickness)
should not have marks or
blank spaces in the smear.
![Page 9: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Leishman’s stain:
Belongs to Romanowsky group of stain.
Contains acidic and basic dye.
Composition:
Methylene blue- basic dye, positively charged and stains negatively charged
[acidic] particles ( stains nucleus of WBCs, the cytoplasm and basophilic
granules)
Eosin –acidic dye, negatively charged and stains positively charged (basic)
particles (stains eosinophilic granules / RBCs)
Acetone free methyl alcohol-(fixative fix the smear to the slide)
![Page 11: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
WRIGHT STAIN
FIELD STAIN
![Page 12: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
MAKE SURE THE SLIDE IS DRY
POUR THE LEISHMAN’S STAIN DROP BY DROP
TILL IT COVERS ENTIRE SMEAR (8-10 DROPS)
NOTE THE TIME ALLOW FOR 1-2 MINs
(its known as FIXATION TIME)
ADD DOUBLE THE AMOUNT DROPS OF
DISTILLED WATER
WAIT FOR 6-8 MINS (FORMATION OF CATIONS
AND ANIONS OF BASIC AND ACIDIC DYE
REPECTIVELY) its knows as STAINING TIME.
![Page 13: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
TO DETERMINE THE DLC- (GRANULOCYTES
/AGRANULOCYTES)
TO STUDY THE MORPHOLOGY OFRBCS
DETECT THE PRESENCE OF PARASITES LIKE MALARIA,
FILARIA
SEX DETERMINATION CAN BE DONE BY IDENTIFICATION
OF BAR BODY
![Page 14: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
FOCUS UNDER HIGH POWER (100X)
PUT ONE DROP OF CEDAR WOOD OIL
![Page 15: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
10-14
NUCLEUS HAVING 2 - 5 LOBES
PURPULE/PINK IN COLOUR
CYTOPLASM PINK IN COLOUR
HAVING FINE PINK OR PURPLEGRANULES
![Page 16: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
10-14 MICRON/ NUCLEUS BILOBED PURPULE
BLUE COLOURCOARSE ORANGE TO RED IN COLOURGRANULES/ CYTOPLASM PINK COLOUR
![Page 17: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
8-10 /NUCLEUS 2 - 3 LOBES/NOTPROPERLY VISIBLE BECAUSE OF GRANULES/
COARSE BLUISH BLACK GRANULES OVERLYING THE NUCLEUS
18-22/NOTCHED OR OVAL OR HORSE SHOE SHAPE
NUCLEUS
NONE OR MODERATE COARSE AZURE GRANULES
CYTOPLASM SKY BLUE
![Page 18: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
LARGE LYMPHOCYTE
10-14
SMALL ROUND NUCLEUS
CYTOPLASM SKY BLUE
GRANEULS NONE OR FEW
SMALL LYMPHOCYTE
7 -10
NUCLEUS LARGE ROUND FILLS THE WHOLE CELL
SKY BLUE THIN RIM
SKY BLUE/NONE OR MODERATEGRANEULES
![Page 19: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
CELLS SIZE NUCLEUS CYTOPLASM GRANULES
NEUTROPHIL 10-14 2 -5 LOBES
PURPULE/PIN
K
PINK FINE PINK OR PURPLE
GRANULES
EOSINOPHIL 10-14 MICRON BILOBED PURPULE
BLUE COLOUR
PINK COARSE RED IN
COLOUR
BASOPHIL 8-10 2 -3 LOBES/NOT
PROPERLY VISIBLE
BECAUSE OF
GRANULES
PALE PINK COARSE BLUISH BLACK
GRANULES OVERLYING
THE NUCLEUS
LARGE LYMPHOCYTE 10-14 SMALL ROUND
NUCLEUS
SKY BLUE NONE OR FEW
SMALL LYMPHOCYTE 7-10 LARGE ROUND FILLS
THE WHOLE CELL
SKY BLUE THIN RIM SKY BLUE/NONE OR
MODERATE
GRANEULES
MONOCYTE 18-22 NOTCHED OR OVAL
OR HORSE SHOE
SHAPE
SKY BLUE NONE OR MODERATE
COARSE AZURE
GRANULES
![Page 20: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
NEUTROPHIL 50-70%
LYPHOCYTE 20-40%
MONOCYTE 2-8%
EOSINOPHIL 1-4%
BASOPHIL 0-1%
![Page 21: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
DRAW 100 SQUARES
IDENTIFY THE VARIOUS CELLS ENTER FIRST LETTER
N-NEUTROHIL
E-EOSINOPHIL
B-BASOPHIL
L- LYMPHOCYTE
M-MONOCYTE
![Page 22: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
NEUTROPHIL=
EOSINOPHIL =
LYMPHOCYTE=
MONOCYTE =
BASOPHILS =
? %
? %
? %
? %
? %
ABSOLUTE NEUTROPHIL =WBC count x neutrophil %= -- c u m m
100
![Page 23: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
DETERMINATION OF THE PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF DIFFERENT
TYPES OF NEUTROPHILS ON THE BASIS OF NUMBER LOBES IN THEIR
NUCLEUS
Normal count
◦ N1 - 2-10%
◦ N2 - 20-30%
◦ N3 - 40-50%
◦ N4 – 10-15%
◦ N5 – 2-5 %
![Page 24: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
SHIFT TO LEFT –MORE YOUNGER CELLS (REGENARATIVE
SHIFT)
SHIFT TO RIGHT - MORE OLDER CELLS (DEGENARATIVE
SHIFT)
![Page 25: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Textbook of Practical Physiology by
◦A.K.Jain
◦C.L. Ghai &
◦G.K.Pal
◦Net Source for images
![Page 28: Pandian M Dept ofPhysiology DYPMCKOP](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022106/6211d268bd8e8d29ab1c2229/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
THANKYOU…