Palestinian-Israeli Conflict
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Transcript of Palestinian-Israeli Conflict
The Founding of Israel
• In the late 1800’s Jews in Europe sought to create a homeland for the Jewish people.
• Jews were subjected to second class status, violence, murder/genocide for centuries.
• A movement called ZIONISM was created to establish a Jewish homeland in Palestine(Present day Israel).
• Palestine(present day Israel) was the logical choice because it had biblical/historical significance to the Jewish people
WWII
• Palestine was controlled by the British under the mandate system.
• Jews began heavily immigrating to Palestine.• 6 Million Jews died in the Holocaust just because
they were Jewish.• Thousands of Jewish Refugees sought to settle in
Israel. • Jews were determined to create a Jewish country
in Palestine.
What about the Palestinian People?
• Palestinians had lived on the land for centuries. • They opposed the arrival of Jewish immigrants.• Fighting broke out between the Jews, the
Palestinians and the British, who were administering the mandate.
• Britain decides to withdraw from Palestine. • The U.N. was put in charge of deciding the
outcome of Palestine.
Partition of Palestine
• The UN decided that Palestine should be divided into two countries: Palestine(Arab) and Israel(Jew).
• The Jews accepted the plan, while the Palestinians rejected the plan.
• Jews announce Israel’s independence in 1948.
• Israel occupied the land set aside by the UN.
WAR: 1948
• As Israel declared it’s independence it was attacked in an attempt to be destroyed by : Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Iraq and Lebanon.
• Israel defeated the Arab attackers. • Israel annexed or attached the land it
conquered during this war. • Jordan occupied the West Bank and Egypt
occupied the Gaza Strip.
Palestinian Refugees
• More than 500,000 Palestinians became refugees as a result of the 1948 war, as they fled the violence.
• Many fled at the request of neighboring Arab states, fighting Israel on their behalf.
• Many settled into camps in neighboring Arab countries.
• These camps became permanent homes.• Palestinians believe they have a right to return to
their homes.
But the conflict continued…
• 3 major wars.• 1956: Israel, France and Great Britain attacked
Egypt after Nasser(leader of Egypt) nationalized the Suez Canal.
• 1967 Six Day War: Israel miraculously won, gaining a lot of new land-West Bank, Gaza and Golan Heights.
• 1973 Yom Kippur War: Syria and Egypt surprise attacked Israel but were unsuccessful.
The PLO
• The P.L.O-Palestinian Liberation Organization, was created to set up a Palestinian state and was led by Yassir Arafat.
• The P.L.O. used guerilla terrorist tactics on Israelis .
• They sought to physically destroy Israel and return the land to the Palestinians.
• They hijacked planes, took hostages, staged bombings.
The Intifada
• By 1987, the Palestinians began an uprising. • Years of living in occupied territories caused
frustration among the population. • Palestinians attacked soldiers, and civilians. • Israel, and the Palestinian leaders, were caught by
surprise. • Ultimately, the uprising forced both sides to look
for ways to end the violence and bring about peace.
Peace Process
• Israel signed peace agreements with Egypt(1977) and Jordan(1995).
• The P.L.O and Israel finally sat down to talk about peace, signing the Oslo Accords.
• This gave Palestinians limited rule over themselves.
• “Land for Peace” is the general idea behind the peace negotiations.
• By 2000 violence broke out again between the Israelis and Palestinians.