Pakistan and her neighbours
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Transcript of Pakistan and her neighbours
Pakistan and her neighbours
SECURITY SITUATIONIN
AFGHANISTAN/FATA
ECONOMIC COSTS
Security Environment
“Threat to Afghanistan is from five elements namely; Taliban, drug mafia, warlords, tribal and political rivalries”
Gen. James Jones, NATO Commander
Security SituationThe Security situation in Afghanistan is worseningDuring 2008, attack on NATO Forces/Afghan
Government installations increased by 40% – Violence not confined to areas adjacent to Pak-Afghan
border but in provinces deep inside AfghanistanTaliban/Al-Qaeda resistance is turning into a mass
scale insurgencyTaliban have raised thousands of recruits who are paid
better salaries than are paid to Government employees.According to perception in the local population, Taliban
have reorganized and exercise control over large areas of Southern and Eastern Afghanistan.
4 Southern provinces – Helmand, Kandhar, Zabul and Uruzgan are the main base and command center of Taliban and also of drugs.
Cross Border Movement
- 2560 km Pak-Afghan border remains mostly un demarcated, ill- defined and porous.
- There are 362 crossing points out of which 20 crossing points are frequented and 340 unfrequented
- Most crossings take place from unfrequented routes
- 10,000 to 30,000 people cross Torkham/Chaman border every day. (Businessmen, tribes, NGOs, international agencies, illegal immigrants)
Pakistan’s Dilemma The situation in tribal areas of Pakistan will remain volatile
due to instability in Afghanistan
Three million Afghan refugees in Pakistan for the last 30 years – a major economic drain, some of the Afghan refugee camps also provide save havens to Afghan insurgents
Lack of resources to enforce border control
The legacy of 30 years have established strong linkages between extremist elements in Pakistan with Taliban and Al-Qaeda
External interference in NWFP and Baluchistan.
Pakistan’s Role in bringing about stability in Afghanistan and Tribal AreasDeployment of 1,20,000 troops along Pak-Afghan border and
establishment of 900 border postsPakistan still hosting more than 3 million Afghan refugeesIn our fight against Al-Qaeda and Taliban more than 1000 of
Pakistan troops have lost livesPakistan has captured more than 700 Al-Qaeda and Taliban
elements and handed over to the US and Afghan Government
Stable Afghanistan is Pakistan’s interest to ensure stability in Pakistan and for economic development of Pakistan and the region
Pakistan is providing 300 million $ assistance to Afghanistan
Pakistan provides training to Afghan Customs and Diplomats
Registration of Afghan refugeesIntroduction of biometrics system
PAKISTAN SHOULD DO MORE?
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BALOCHISTAN
2560 km
NWFPAFGHANISTAN
1200 km
KUNAR
NANGARHAR
NURISTAN
KHOWST
PAKTIKA
PAKTIA
1360
km
ZABUL
NIMROZ
HELMAND
KANDAHAR
BADAKSHAN
KHYBER
NOK KUNDI
NAUSHKI
CHAMAN
CHITRAL
NWA
SWA
ZHOB
BANNU
PESHAWAR
QUETTA
ROBAT
MINTAKA
Pakistan shares 2560 kms long
border with Afghanistan, out of
which 1360 kms border is with
NWFP while the remaining
1200 kms is shared with
Balochistan
BAJAUR
MOMAND
ORAKZAI
NWA
SWA
KHYBERKURRAM
PARACHINAR
PAKISTANPAKISTAN
AFGHANISTANAFGHANISTAN
FATA comprises 4200 FATA comprises 4200
sq kms of the Pak – sq kms of the Pak –
Afghan border belt, Afghan border belt,
which was considered which was considered
‘No Go Area’ before ‘No Go Area’ before
these operationsthese operations
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Pak - Afghan Border belt
consists of mountainous
inhospitable terrain with
heights ranging from 6000 to
15000 feet
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North Waziristan
The area on both sides of the border lacks basic infrastructure, due to which it is mostly under developed and quite inaccessible. This makes logistic support and sustenance of forces extremely difficult
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MINTAKA PASS
GILGIT
KHYBER
DIR
BAJAUR
MOHAMAND
CHITRAL
KUNAR
NANGARHAR
NURISTAN
NAWA PASS
DORA PASS
BROGHIL PASS
NWA
SWA
KURRAM
ALWARA
ANGOOR ADDA
KHOWST
PAKTIKA
KABUL
GO
MA
L
INDUS
PESHAWARKHYBER PASS
PAKTIA
BADAKSHAN
GHAZNI
KABUL
ARANDU PASS
Bari Kot
Lawara
Nawa Pass
Chamkani
TorkhamThe tribal border belt has split families and tribes with property on both sides; therefore, cross border movement has been an accepted practice since long
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Application of military and para military forces to
destroy hard core elements and establish the writ
of the government, coupled with extensive
deployment along the border to control cross
border movement
Engagement at the political level to secure the
desired objectives Cont
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Revitalisation of the civil administration to
improve governance
Development of civic infrastructure of the region.
For this purpose, Pakistan has allocated US $ 80
million while United States has promised US $
150 million every year
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Pakistan Army has established 821 posts along the border, as against approximately 120 that have been established by Afghan National Army and NATO
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BALOCHISTAN
NWFPAFGHANISTAN
KUNAR
NANGARHAR
NURISTAN
KHOWST
PAKTIKA
PAKTIA
ZABUL
NIMROZ
HELMAND
KANDAHAR
BADAKSHAN
KHYBER
NOK KUNDI
NAUSHKI
CHAMAN
CHITRAL
NWA
SWA
ZHOB
BANNU
PESHAWAR
QUETTA
ROBAT
MINTAKA
Approximately 1,12,000
regular and para military
forces are presently
employed on our Western
Border
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BALOCHISTAN
NWFPAFGHANISTAN
KUNAR
NANGARHAR
NURISTAN
KHOWST
PAKTIKA
PAKTIA
ZABUL
NIMROZ
HELMAND
KANDAHAR
BADAKSHAN
KHYBER
NOK KUNDI
NAUSHKI
CHAMAN
CHITRAL
NWA
SWA
ZHOB
BANNU
PESHAWAR
QUETTA
ROBAT
MINTAKA
110 major operations by
Pakistani Forces
13 joint operations with
Coalition Forces
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Pakistan Armed Forces
Martyred (Killed) Injured
1500 3746
A NEW STRATEGY
Objectives
1) To end Suicide Bombings2) Pacify FATA3) Halt the spread of Taliban and militant influence4) Support the stabilization of Afghanistan
ELEMENTS OF THE NEW STRATEGY
1)1) POLITICALPOLITICAL (Dialogue with Tribal elders, those (Dialogue with Tribal elders, those willing to lay down willing to lay down Arms).Arms).
2)2) ECONOMICECONOMIC (Reconstruction activity. (Reconstruction activity. employment).employment).
3)3) MILITARYMILITARY (Military action against those (Military action against those unwilling to surrenderunwilling to surrender).
ECONOMIC COSTSECONOMIC COSTS
Absence of economic development Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-
India Pipeline Project Negative effect on Education, Health in
Afghanistan and Tribal Areas of Pakistan. Foreign Direct Investment. Transit and Access to sea of land locked
States of Central Asian Republics and Afghanistan.
Destruction of infrastructure. Environmental costs.
Challenges…….International Bilateral: Bilateral: India, USA, China, Afghanistan, IranIndia, USA, China, Afghanistan, IranRegional: Regional: SAARCSAARCWorld Forums: World Forums: UN, OIC, WBUN, OIC, WB
Image:Image:Terrorist / ExtremistTerrorist / ExtremistDemocracy Democracy Human Rights Human Rights
Minorities Minorities - - ProtectionProtection Women- Women- Rapes / VotesRapes / Votes
Nuclear proliferationNuclear proliferation
Challenges…….National
Economy:Economy:Sustain macro economic achievementsSustain macro economic achievementsStrengthen Micro economicsStrengthen Micro economics
Poverty Alleviation ProgramsPoverty Alleviation Programs Control Inflation & Price Hike Control Inflation & Price Hike
Politics:Politics:Decency, free from coercions and state interferenceDecency, free from coercions and state interferenceProvincial Harmony: Federal & Concurrent ListsProvincial Harmony: Federal & Concurrent Lists
Social:Social:Extremism: President’s Enlightened Moderation StrategyExtremism: President’s Enlightened Moderation StrategyBasic amenities: Education, Health, Safe Drinking WaterBasic amenities: Education, Health, Safe Drinking WaterLaw & Order: Batta’s, Theft (Mobiles,ATMs), Murders & Law & Order: Batta’s, Theft (Mobiles,ATMs), Murders &
RapesRapesSecuritySecurity
Internal DissentInternal Dissent
Strengthen: All Strengthen: All InstitutionsInstitutionsFocus: On Focus: On EDUCATIONEDUCATION Develop: Develop: MeritMerit based society based societyAcquire: Acquire: KnowledgeKnowledge and learn and learnEngage: In Engage: In ResearchResearchUniteUnite: irrespective of ethnic origin, : irrespective of ethnic origin,
language, language, religion, religious sect, religion, religious sect, region etcregion etc
Agree on Agree on National AgendaNational Agenda All Parties, All Regions, ALL PEOPLE All Parties, All Regions, ALL PEOPLE
Zero Tolerance for Zero Tolerance for CorruptionCorruptionCan we do it?Can we do it?
AGENDA for CHANGE