Exercises The sentences on the right follow those on the left. Which sentence goes with which?

1 Please don't make so much noise. a lt's getting late. 2 I need to eat something soon. b They're lying. 3 I don't have anywhere to live right now. c lt's starting to rain. 4 We need to leave soon. d They're trying to sell it. 5 They don't need their car any more. e I'm getting hungry. 6 Things are not so good at work. f l'ffi +ryiAg {9 1""',..k Cl Vf 01 .

7 lt isn't true what they sa id. g I'm looking for an apartment. 8 We're going to get wet . h The company is losing money.

Complete the conversations.

1 A: I saw Brian a few days ago. B: Oh, did you? . W~_ QJ./.? .. n.e M~9.- .. these days? (what I he I do) A: He's at university. B: ? (what I he I study) A: Psychology. B: ..... ...... . it? (he I enjoy) A: Yes, he says it's a very good course.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

2 A: Hi , Nicola. How ......... . ............ . ........ ? (your new job I go) s: Not bad. lt wasn't so good at first, but

(it I get) A: What about Daniel? Is he OK?

. .. .. ........... ..... .. better now.

s: Yes, but .. .. .... .. ... .. .. . . ..... . his work right now. (he I not I enjoy)

... f.. ....... .

He's been in the same job for a long time and .. ............ to get bored with it. (he I begin)

Put the verb into the correct form, positive (I'm doing etc.) or negative (I'm not doing etc.) .

1 Please don't make so much noise. . ..... !'m tr~~9.-- - .. (I I t ry) to work. 2 Let's go out now. . .. ...lt -~?.YI

1

t: .. r~Lttg _____ (it I rain) any more. 3 You can turn off t he radio. (I I listen) to it. 4 Kate phoned me last night. She's on holiday in France. (she I have)

a great t ime and doesn't want to come back. 5 I want to lose weight, so t his week ............. . . ....... .......... .. ..... (I I eat) lunch. 6 Andrew has just started evening classes. 7 Paul and Sally have had an argument. . ..

.................. ........ . .. (he I learn) Japanese. ....... ..................... . . ..... . ...... ....... ..... .... . ........ (they I speak)

to each other. 8 . ............ .... (I I get) tired. I need a rest. 9 Tim ....... . .. .................. (work) today. He's taken the day off.

10 .... . . (I I look) for Sophie. Do you know where she is?

Complete the sentences using the following verbs:

start get increase change rise

1 The population of the world ~s _i,ncr.~mg very fast. 2 The world ......... . ................................................. . Things never stay the same. 3 The situation is already bad and it .. .. .... ..... . .......... ............... .... worse. 4 The cost of living ..... ........... ............. .. . Every year things are more expensive. 5 The weather .. . ..... to improve. The rain has stopped, and the wind isn't

as strong.

I Unit

. 1

3

Exercises Complete the sentences using the following verbs:

cause(s) connect(s) drink(s) Live(s) open(s) speak(s) take(s)

1 Tanya ...... ?.P~? .. ... . German very well. 2 I don't often ...... ............ ... coffee. 3 The swimming pool . . ...... . ......... at 7.3 0 every morning. 4 Bad driving ... . .. .. ......... ...... many accidents. 5 My parents .. .. . ................. in a very small flat. 6 The Olympic Games .. .................. . ....... .. ..... . place every four years. 7 The Panama Canal ............... ..... .. . ............ the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

Put the verb into the correct form.

1 Julie ..... M.e?.n\ 4r.~k ...... (not I drink) tea very often. 2 What time ........ ........... .. ....... .......................... .. ......................... (the banks I dose) here? 3 I've got a car, but I .................. ....................... ..... ... .. ...... .. (not I use) it much. 4 'Where ... .. .. ..... .. ..... ...... ..... ...... (Ricardo I come) from?' 'From Cuba.' 5 'What . ............. .... (you I do)?' Tm an electrician.' 6 lt ...................................................... .............. .................... (take) me an hour to get to work. How long

............................. ..... ................. ......... ....... ................... (it I take) you? 7 Look at this sentence. What .............. .. ... ... . ...... ... . ...................................... (this word I mean)? 8 David isn't very fit . He .... .... . . ..... .... .. .......... ... (not I do) any sport.

Use the following verbs to complete the sentences. Sometimes you need the negative:

believe eat flow

1 The earth goes round the sun. 2 Rice .. 49.es)'J,t grow.. in Britain.

3 The sun ... ............ ......................... . ... in the east. 4 Bees ................. . ... .... ..... ....... ... honey. 5 Vegetarians ... . 6 An atheist

... meat. in God.

make nse tell translate

7 An interpreter .... ....... .. ............. from one language into another.

8 Liars are people who ............................. ...... .. ...... the t ruth.

9 The River Amazon ....................................... into the Atlantic Ocean.

You ask Lisa questions about herself and her family. Write the questions.

1 You know that Lisa plays tennis. You want to know how often. Ask her. How often .. clo yq~ .. P~ ten.D~s ...... ?

2 Perhaps Lisa's sister plays tennis too. You want to know. Ask Lisa. 7 .. your sister . . ....... . .... ... ........ ...... ........... .. ........ . . ..... ......... .

3 You know that Lisa reads a newspaper every day. You want to know which one. Ask her. 7 ........................ ..........

4 You know that Lisa 's brother works. You want to know what he does. Ask Lisa. 7

5 You know that Lisa goes to the cinema a lot. You want to know how often. Ask her. 7

.......... ......... • .. • .... .. ••••• •••••••• ••• 0 ••••••••••••••••••••• •• ·-····· •• ••• •••• .. •• •• • •• • • •••• •• • ••• ••••• ••••••••••••••• •

6 You don't know where Lisa's grandparents live. You want to know. Ask Lisa. 7

Complete using the following:

I apologise I insist I promise I recommend I suggest

1 Mr Evans is not in the office today. .. .. J .... sLA.g.g.e~t .... you t ry calling him tomorrow. 2 I won't tell anybody what you sa id. ........ . . ..... . .. .. .. 3 (in a restaurant) You must let me pay for the meal. 4 . .. ........................ .... . ..... for what I did. lt won't happen again. 5 The new restaurant in Hill Street is very good. .. .. .. .... .. .................. .. ...................... .. ... it.

Unit ': 2

5

Exercises Are the underlined verbs right or wrong? Correct them where necessary .

1 Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius. 2 The water boils. Can you turn it off? 3 Look! That man tries to open the door of your car. 4 Can you hear those people? What do they talk about? 5 The moon goes round the earth in about 27 days. 6 I must go now. lt gets late. 7 I usually go to work by car. 8 'Hurry up! lt's time to leave.' 'OK, I come.' 9 I hear you've got a new job. How do you get on?

10 Paul is never late. He's always getting to work on time. 11 They don't get on well. They're always arguing.

.. Q)(

~s boi.Un .............. g

Put the verb into the correct form 1 present continuous or present simple.

1 Let's go out. ..l.t i.,sn 't . r~mg. ..... (it I not I rain) now. 2 Julia is very good at languages. S.n~ sp~s (she I speak) four languages very well. 3 Hurry up! .... .. .............. .... (everybody I wait) for you. 4 ' ... (you I listen) to the radio?' 'No, you can turn it off.' 5 '... .. ............. (you I listen) to the radio every day?' 'No, just occasionally. ' 6 The River Nile ............................................. (flow) into the Mediterranean. 7 The river .................. ............................. .............. (flow) very fast today- much faster than usual. 8 ................... .... ...... ..... . ..... .... ..... .... ............ ....... (we I usually I grow) vegetables in our garden, but this year

..... . .. .... .. .. ...... ..... ...... ... ...... (we I not I grow) any. 9 A: How's your English?

s: Not bad. I think ..... ..... .. ......... . ..... .... ... (it I improve) slowly. 10 Rachel is in New York right now. . ..... ........ ..... .. (she I stay) at the Park Hotel.

..... ........ ... ....... (she I always I stay) there when she's in New York. 11 Can we stop walking soon? ......... .. .. .............. ..... ... .. ............ ..... (I I start) to feel tired. 12 A: Can you drive?

s: .... ......... .. ...................................................... (I I learn). My father ........ .. .............. ......... .. ................. ........ (teach) me. 13 Normally ...... . .... ..... . ....................... ... ............. (I I finish) work at five, but this week

..... ... ....... .. ................... (I I work) until six to earn a little more money. 14 My parents ... .. .......................... (live) in Manchester. They were born there and have never

lived anywhere else. Where ................. .... ..... . ....... . .. . (your parents I l ive)? 15 Sonia . ...... . ..... (look) for a place to live. ....... ...... .. .. ...... (she I stay)

with her sister until she finds somewhere. 16 A: What .... ........ . .... ... . ...................................... .... .... (your brother I do)?

s: He's an architect, but ...... ....... .. .. ...................................................... ....................... (he I not I work) at the moment. 17 (at a party) .. ....... . ....... ... ..... ..... .. .. .................. . ... ... ...... (I I usually enjoy) parties, but

......... ........................ ..... ... . .............. (I /not I enjoy) th is one very much.

Finish B's sentences. Use always -ing.

1 A : I've lost my phone again. s: Not again! . YotA 're o..LN~? .... L.o?ill.g .!jOtAr pY!pn~ ...................... ..

2 A: The car has broken down again. s: That car is useless. lt ........ .................. . .. ..

3 A: Look! You've made the same mistake again. s: Oh no, not again! I .................................................................................................................................................... ......... .. ....... ............ ..

4 A: Oh, I've forgotten my glasses again. s: Typical! ..................... .

I Unit . 3

7

Exercises Put the verb into the correct form, present continuous or present simple.

1 Are you hungry? ...... D~!.. . ,HOtA .. v->~t. ..... (you I want) something to eat? 2 Don't put the dictionary away. ........ ....... (I I use) it. 3 Don't put the dictionary away. ......... ..... (1 I need) it. 4 Who is that man? What ... .. . ............................. .. ......... (he I want )? 5 Who is that man? Why .... ... .... ...... ................ ........ . .. ............ (he I look) at us? 6 Alan says he's 80 years old, but nobody ... . . . . ....................... ..... .. .. . .. ... (bel ieve) him. 7 She told me her name, but .. ....... ............. .. .......... (I I not I remember) it now. 8 ................ . . .................. ....... (I I think) of sell ing my car. Would you be interested in buying it? 9 ..... . ............... (I I think) you shou ld sell your car. . ... .. ..

(you I not I use) it very often. 10 Air ............. .. ..... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ......... (consist) mainly of nitrogen and oxygen.

Use the words in brackets to make sentences. (You should also study Unit 3 before you do this exercise.)

(what I you I do?)

(you I not I seem I very happy today) .... Y9~ .... 4Pnlt. s~ ........... . ...... X.~M ... n CA.f>P~ -~~- '--- --·

(the dinner I smell I good)

(these gloves I not I fit I me)

Are the underlined verbs right or wrong? Correct them where necessary.

1 N. k . h. k' f . . h . b Ok 1c y IS t m mg o g1vmg up er JO . .... .. . ....... .......... .. .. ... . .. ..................... .

2 Are you believing in God? ...... .. .... .. . ... .. .. ....................... . 3 I'm feeling hungry. Is t here anything to eat? ..... . ..... .... .. ..... . 4 Th is sauce is great. lt's tasting really good. ... . ...................... .. .. . .. ......... .. 5 I'm thinking this is your key. Am I right? ........... .......................................... .. ........ .

Complete the sentences using the most suitable form of be. Use am/is/are being (continuous) where possible; otherwise use am/is/are (simple).

1 I can't understand why . he1

s ___ b@g __ so selfish. He isn't usually like that.

2 Sarah ...... .... . .. . .. very nice to me at the moment. I wonder why. 3 You'll like Sop hie when you meet her. She .. .. ..................... ............................. very n1ce. 4 You're usually very patient, so why ..... ..... . .. ................ .. ............. ........ so unreasonable about waiting

ten more minutes? 5 Why isn't Steve at work today? .................. . ill?

Unit 4

9

Exercises Read what Laura says about a typical working day:

.__"""

I usually get up at 7 o'clock and have a big breakfast. I walk to work, which takes me about half an hour. I start work at 8.45 . I never have lunch. I finish work at 5 o'clock. I'm always tired when I get home. I usually cook a meal in the evening. I don't usually go out. I go to bed at about 11 o'clock, and I always sleep well.

Laura

Yesterday was a typical working day for Laura. Write what she did or didn't do yesterday.

1 ~h~. _gpt- (Ap at 7 o'clock. 7 ........ ....... .. .......... ....... .. ......... at 5 o'clock. 2 She .. .. a big breakfast. 8 ... ... tired when ... home. 3 She .... . . .. .. ....... ........ . .... ... .. ..... . ... 9 .... . ... .... .. ........ a meal yesterday evening. 4 lt .... ... . ..... .... .... ....... ..... ..... .... .... ... to get to work. 10 ............. .. ....... ...... .. ................ .. .... ... ... out yesterday evening. 5 ..................... ................ .. ............................. .. .... .. ..... at 8.45. 11 ...... .......... ........ ...................... ............................. at 11 o'clock. 6 .. ... .. ... lunch. 12 ........... .. .... well last night.

Complete the sentences using the following verbs in the correct form:

buy catch cost fall hurt sell spend teach throw ·write

1 Mozart ~li"O~ more than 600 pieces of music. 2 'How did you learn to drive?' 'My father . .......... me.' 3 We couldn't afford to keep our car, so we ... . . . ... .. it. 4 Dave ...... ............. ................... down the stairs this morning and ... . ..... ....... ................ his leg. 5 joe ........ ............. .. ............. ..... the ball to Sue, who .. ..... .. .. .. .. ....... ........ it. 6 Ann .......... ......... . ..... a lot of money yesterday. She . ... ........... a dress which

....... .... ... .. .. ..... £100.

You ask James about his holiday. Write your questions.

Hi . How are things? Fine, thanks. I've just had a great holiday.

1 Where ...... cLUL ~ou ... go... ? To the U.S. We went on a trip from San Francisco to Denver.

2 How ............. .. . ..... .. ............ ..... ... .. ................... ....... ... . ? By car? Yes, we hired a car in San Francisco.

3 lt 's a long way to drive. How long ....... .......... . . ......... ... ........ .. ....... . ..... . ..... .. ................. to get to Denver?

4 Where ... ....... .

5 .. .............. .. ........ ....... .. ........ .

6

Two weeks. ? In hotels?

Yes, small hotels or motels. .... ... ... .. .............. ... good? Yes, but it was very hot - sometimes too hot .

....... .. ... the Grand Canyon ? Of course. lt was wonderful.

Complete the sentences. Put the verb into the correct form, positive or negative.

1 lt was warm, so I J-99.~ off my coat. (take) 2 The film wasn't very good. I . d.i.4-D.~.t. _e~o~ it much. (enjoy) 3 I knew Sarah was busy, so I .... .. . .. ..................... .. . ....................... her. (disturb) 4 We were very tired, so we . ..... .. ..... ... .. ......... ..... .......... the party ea rly. (leave) 5 The bed was very uncomfortable. I .... ........... ....... .................................................... well. (sleep) 6 The window was open and a bird ..... .. ........ .. . . .... . . ......... .. .. .. .. .. .. . . into the room. (fly) 7 The hotel wasn't very expensive. lt .. ..... . ..... . .... .. ... . ............. much to stay there. (cost) 8 I was in a hurry, so I ....... .. .. ..... .... ... .. ......... time to phone you. (have) 9 lt was hard carrying the bags. They .............. ... .. .. .. ..... .. .. .. .. ............ .. .. .............. very heavy. (be)

11

Exercises What were you doing at these times? Write sentences as in the examples. The past continuous is not always necessary (see the second example).

1 (at 8 o'clock yesterday evening) .. ..1. ... vv.~ ho...vmg .... ~rter.. ........... ...... .... .... .. .. .. ......................... .

2 (at 5 o'clock last Monday) I w~ .O.n Q.- .. b<As qn_ __ m!:J w~ n.9rr..~ ... ... . .. . ...... .............. .... . .... ..... .. 3 (at 10.15 yesterday morning) ... ... .. .............. .. .. ...... .......... ... .. ....... ........ ..... ....... .. ....... ......... ........ .. .. ........... .. .. ..... .. 4 (at 4.30 this morning) ... ... .... ...... .. ....... . ....... ... .... ..... . ..... ... ....... . . .... . ................... . .... . .. ................ .. 5 (at 7.45 yesterday evening) .. . ......... ...... .. .. . . ...... ..................... .. ...................................................... .. ........ . 6 (half an hour ago) .................... ........ .. ....... . ..... ........... .. .. .. .... ...... ........ ...... .. .. ... . .. .... .

Use your own ideas to complete the sentences. Use the past continuous.

1 Matt phoned while we .... W.~e. .. ho...v.~g .. ~ner... .. ....... .............................. ............ .. ............... .......... .................. .

2 The doorbell rang while I .. ...... . ...... .................... . . . .................... . . .... . ...... . ..... .. ............... . 3 The car began to make a strange noise when we ....... ... .. ........... .. . .. ... ... . .... . .... ... ...... . 4 jessica fell asleep whi le she .. ...... ............ .... .. . ... .... .. .. .. ... ..... .. . ..... ... ....... . ..... .. ..... . . ..... ... .... .. .................. .. . 5 The television was on, but nobody ................ ............... ......... ................................................................ .. .... .. .............................. ... .... ... ... .

Put the verb into the correct form, past continuous or past simple.

s~ ....... (see) Sue in town yesterday, but she ............. ..

... ... .. .......... (not I see) me. She (look) the other way.

w <1 Gates 1-10 I

I .............. .. ........ .. .................. (meet) Tom and jane at the airport a few weeks ago. They ...... .... ................. (go) to Paris and I . ... ..... ..... . .................. ... (go) to Rome. We .. .... ............... (have) a chat while we ....................... . ............ ...... ... (wait) for our flights .

I ..... .. ....... ................. (cycle) home yesterday when a man

... ........... .... (step) out into the road in front of me. I ......... . ............ (go) quite fast, but luckily I ................................... .. ..... . (manage) to stop in time and ..... .... (not I hit) him.

Put the verb into the correct form, past continuous or past simple.

1 jenny ...... IN.~? .... NP,W.g ...... (wait) for me when I Q-rrir.v~ (arrive). 2 'What . ......... ...... .. .. ....... ..... (you I do) at this time yesterdayt 'I was asleep.' 3 ' .... ............................................. (you I go) out last night?' 'No, I was too tired .' 4 How fast ........... ... . .... ................. ..... . .. . ......... .... ..... (you I drive) when the accident .............................................. .

(happen)? 5 Sa m .. ... ....... ..... . ................ (take) a picture of me while I ... ....... .. .............. . .... .. ............ .......... .... .. ....... .

(not I look). 6 We were in a very difficult position. We ..... 7 I haven't seen Alan for ages. When I last

........... .. .. .. ... .. ................... ................. (try) to find a job.

........ . ......... . ...... . ..................... (not I know) what to do. ..... .. ... ....... ... .. . (see) him, he

8 I . . ...... .. .. .. ...... ........ ..... . ............. ........ (walk) along the street when suddenly I ....... . ..... . ........ . ............. .. (hear) footsteps behind me. Somebody ..... ............... . . ........ ............. ... . (follow) me. I was scared and I .................................. (start) to run.

9 When I was young, I ... .. ...... ........ .......... .............. .. .. .. ... .... (want) to be a pilot. 10 Last night I ................................................... .. ........ (drop) a plate when I .. ................... .. ....................... ..................... (do) the

washing-up. Fortunately it .. .. ...... .............. . .. ............ (not I break).

-t Additional exercise 1 (page 302)

·· Unit

6

13

Exercises Read the situations and write sentences. Use the following verbs in the present perfect:

. arnve break go up grow 1mprove lose fall

Tom ..... h.~? . Lo~ t. .b~s. .... k~.: . 1 Tom is looking for his key. He can't find it. 2 Lisa can't walk and her leg is in plaster. Lisa .................... . .... ............................................ . 3 Last week the bus fare was £1 .80. Now it is £2. The bus fa re ..... ................................... ..... .. ....... .. 4 M aria's English wasn't very good. Now it is better. Her English .............................................................. . 5 Dan didn't have a beard before. Now he has a beard. 6 This morning I was expecting a letter. Now I have it. 7 The temperature was 20 degrees. Now it is only 12.

Dan ........ ..... . ..................................... . The letter ..... . ....... ................ . ....... ............. .. The ............. ... ....................... ........... .. ......................... .. ..

Put in been or gone.

1 James is on holiday. He's .. gone . to Italy. 2 Hello! I've just ........... ... to the shops. I've bought lots of things. 3 A lice isn't here at the moment. She's ..... .... .. .. .. .... ........................ to the shop to get a newspaper. 4 Tom has ..................................... out. He'll be back in about an hour. 5 'Are you going to the bank?' 'No, I've already ..... . ....................... ..... to the bank.'

- Complete B's sentences. Make sentences from the words in brackets.

A B

1 Would you like something to eat? No, thanks. .1 .. \~j~st. h~ .. W..nQ1 .. ~ . (I I just I have I lunch)

2 Do you know where Julia is? Yes, ............................... ... .. .......... ............................. ...... .. .. ..... ...... ....... .. ........ .. (I I just I see I her)

3 What time is David leaving? (he I already I leave)

4 What's in the newspaper today? I don't know. .. ........ ........ .. .. ........... ................... ........... .............................. .. (I I not I read I it yet)

5 Is Sue com ing to the cinema with us? No, ....... .. .......... .... .. (she I already I see I the film)

6 Are your friends here yet? Yes, .. .............. .. .............. ................. .................... ......... .......................................... ~

(they I just I arrive)

7 What does Tim think about your plan?

(we I not I tell I him y et)

Read the situations and write sentences with just, already or yet.

1 After lunch you go to see a friend at her house. She says, 'Would you like something to eat?' You say: No thank you. . 1:.v.e J~.s. t.. .n~ wn<J:J...... . (have lunch)

2 joe goes out. Five minutes later, the phone rings and the ca ller says, 'Can I speak to joe?' You say: I'm afraid .. .. ........... .... .... ................................. .. . . ...... .. .. .... ... ... .. .. ........ ......... .................. ................ .......... .......... ..... . (go out)

3 You are eating in a restaurant. The waiter thinks you have finished and starts to take your plate away. You say: Wait a minute! ................ ..... . .. ................. . (not I finish)

4 You plan to eat at a restaurant tonight. You phoned to reserve a table. Later your friend says, 'Shall I phone to reserve a table?' You say: No, ............ .. ...... .. .. .. . .. .................... ........... .... ....... ................. ...... . (do it)

5 You know that a friend of yours is looking for a place t o live. Perhaps she has been successfu l. Ask her. You say: .. ....... ............ . ................... .. ..................... ...... ........... ..... ... .... ... . ......... ? (find)

6 You are still thinking about where to go for your holiday. A friend asks, 'Where are you going for your holiday?' You say: ...................... ... . ........ ..................... . ........................ ..... .... ........... .... . (not I decide)

7 Linda went shopping, but a few minutes ago she returned. Somebody asks, 'Is Li nda still out shopping?' You say: No, .... ....................... ..... .. .... ... ... . . ..... ................ . (come back)

Unit 7

15

Exercises You ask people about things they have done. Write questions with ever.

1 (ride I horse?) .. .H~Y.~ ... H9.0 .. ever .. r.~Y1. ~ . rw.r.~ .~.?. .. . .... ..... .. .... ... ..... . ... .. .. .... ...... ................ .. ....................... .. 2 (be I California?) Have ....... ... ..... ............. .. .. ......... ..... ...................... ...... .............. ..... .. ........................ .. 3 (run I marathon?) .... ........... ....... .. ................... . 4 (speak I famous person?) ............................................ ............................................................................................... ..... . ....... .. ...... .. 5 (most beautiful place I visit?) Whafs ............................................................................................... ......... .......................... .. ..

Complete B's answers. Some sentences are positive and some negative. Use these verbs:

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

be be eat happen have

A

What's Mark's sister like?

Is everything going well?

Are you hungry?

Can you play chess?

Are you enjoying your holiday?

What's that book like?

Is Brussels an interesting place?

I hear your car broke down again yesterday.

Do you like caviar?

have meet play read see try

B

I've no idea. I \e n~v.~ .. met her.

Yes, we .. h.~v~n~t- bAA ...... any problems so far.

Yes. I ................ .. .. .............. .. ....................................... much today.

Yes, but ....... .. .. for ages.

Yes, it's the best holiday . ..... . ... .. .. ................... for a long time.

I don't know. .. ................. .. ....................... .......................... it.

I've no idea.

Yes, it's the second time .... this month.

I don't know. .. . ............. .......... ................................. ........... it.

there.

10 Mike was late for work again today. Again? He lat e every day this week.

11 Who's that woman by the door? I don't know. .. ............................................................ her before.

Write four sentences about yourself. Use I haven't and choose from the boxes.

used a computer been to the cinema

travelled by bus read a book

2 ..... .... . ......................................... . 3 ........................... .. ..................................... ..

eaten any fruit lost anything

4 ........................ ..... ....................................... .. ............................. ........ .. ............................. ................................... .... ................... ........... .. 5 .......................... ......................................................... ................................................................... ..

Read the situations and write sentences as shown in the example.

1 jack is driving a car, but he's very nervous and not sure what to do.

today this week recently for ages SinCe ...

this year

You ask: .. .. .H.~Y.e HO.(A .... ~r.~Y.~Y.I ... c& ... QA.r .... P.~fo.r~.? ........................................................................... ....................... .. ............... .. ....... . He says: ..... No.). tn.~~ .... ~?. ..... t.h ~ .. fir.~t .. @.~ !. ~v~. clt:~v.~n ... ~ .. CQ-.f.... ... ...... .......... .. ...... . . ..... . ... ..... ... .. ................ .

2 Ben is playing t ennis. He's not good at it and he doesn't know the rules. You ask: Have ....................... .. . ............... ...... .... . ..... .... . ........ . He says: No, this is the first ..... ................. .... .... ... . .... . .... .. ......... .. . ........ ...................... . .......................... ..

3 Sue is riding a horse. She doesn't look very confident or comfortab le. You ask: .... .. . ...... .... . .............. ..... ......... ............ .... . .. ........................ . ... . ....................... . .... ... . .................... . . ....................... . She says: .

4 M aria is in Japan. She has just arrived and it's very new for her. You ask: ..................................................................... ... .. ... .. .... .. ....................................... ................................................................................................. .. She says: ...... .... . .......................... .......... ................................. .............................. ............ ................. .... .. .... ......... .... . .. ........................ .

17

Exercises What have these people been doing or what has been happening?

CD earlier earlier noij ~I

They .... ~Y.~ .... ~ e:e:~·:t ?.h.O..P..P.Lr\9 .. ~ ....... ... ........................................ . She ............ ......... ....... ................................................ .... ............................... ..

w earlier

(1) earlier now

They .......................................................................................................... H e .... ........... ......................................... .... ............ ................ ... ...... ... ..

Write a question for each situation. 1 You meet Paul as he is leaving the swim ming pool.

You ask: (you I swim?) ..... H.q._y~_ .~9-~ .... ~-~ .... ?.kY~m.mg?. .. .. .................... .............................................. ..... ........ ............. . 2 You have just arrived to meet a fr iend w ho is wait ing for you.

You ask: (you I wait I long?) .......................... .................................... ................................ ............................ ......... .. ........... ..

3 You meet a fri end in the st reet . His face and hands are very dirty.

You ask: (w hat I you I do?) .. .... ........... .... ... .. . .. .... .. ........................................................ .

4 A friend of yours is now working in a shop. You want t o know how long. You ask: (how long I you I work I there?) ................ ................................... ... ............................ .......................... .. ....................... ..

5 A friend t ells you about his j ob- he sells m obile phones. You want t o know how long.

You ask: (how long I you I sell I m obile phones?) .............. ................................................................................... .

Read the situations and complete the sentences.

1 lt's raining. The ra in st arted two hours ago. lt .. ).? .. l?.~n rW.Lng ..... for two hours.

2 We are waiting for the bus. We started waiting 20 minutes ago.

We ..................... ........ ................... .... . ... .. ............... .... ..

3 I'm learning Spanish. I start ed classes in December.

for 20 minutes.

I ................... .............. ......................................... .......................................... ...... ............................... .. ...... since December.

4 Jess ica is working in a supermarket. She started w orking t here on 18 January.

.... ................ ..... ................... ...................... ... ... ......... .... .. ........... since 18 January.

5 Our friends always spend t heir holidays in It aly. They started going t here years ago.

.... .......................... ................................... ... . . ....................... ... . .. ................................................. for years.

Put the verb into the present continuous (I am -ing) or present perfect continuous (I have been - ing).

1 ..... M~-~ .. h<AS J?.~ .. --~.Y.\4-lg... (M aria I learn) English for two years.

2 Hello, Tom. . . ...... .. .......... _ .. . . .... ........... .. ..... (I I look) for you. Where have you been ?

3 Why ......................... .................. .. .. ................................... ...... ............. (you I look) at me like t hat? St op it ! 4 Linda is a t eacher. .. ............................................................................................ (she I t each) for t en years.

5 ...... . .. . ...... . . . . . .............. (I I th ink) about w hat you said and I've decided t o take

your advice.

6 'Is Paul on holiday t his week?' 'N o, .................... ...... ........................ ............ ....... .... ............ (he I work) .' 7 Sarah is very ti red. ............. .......... ....... ..................... .... ..... . .. . ............................... (she I work) very hard recently.

19

Exercises Read the situation and complete the sentences. Use the verbs in brackets.

1 Tom started reading a book two hours ago. He is still reading it and now he is on page 53 .

. H~ . n~ .. P..~Y.1 .. x-.~9- ... for two hours. (read)

H~ h_0::?. r.~--- · 53 pages so far. (read)

2 Rachel is from Australia. She is travelling round Europe at the moment. She began her trip three months ago.

She ........ .... ................... ...................... .............. ........ .. .... ......... .. .. ..... .. .. .............................. ......................... . for three months. (travel)

.. . . .. ... . ...... ..... .. ...... .. ........ . ...... . .......... ........... ....... . ...... ... . . ........ . .................. ..................... six countries so far. (visit)

3 Patrick is a tennis player. He began playing tennis when he was ten years old. This year he won the national championship again- for the fourth time.

.. . ...... ....... . ............... ..................... .. .. .. . . .... . ... the national championship four times. (win)

.... ..... . . ...... . ........ . ...... .. .............. ........ ..... . .... . . . ............................................... since he was ten. (play)

4 When they left college, Lisa and Sue started making films together. They still make films. They ..... . ...... ...................... . .. .. .. ......... .... . . . .. . . . . ..... .. .......... films since they left college. (make)

... ...... . .. ........... .................................... .. .. ..... .. .... .... ..... ..... . . .. .. .. .. . ...... five films since they left college. (make)

For each situation, ask a question using the words in brackets.

1 You have a friend who is learning Arabic. You ask:

(how long I learn I Arabic?) .. ... H9~ .. JP.rg ... b.0:-v.~. !:1q~ .. P. .~r,l .... ~Y.1.0.9 .... A.r.0.:b.~?.. ....... ... .... .. .............. ...................... . 2 You have just arrived to meet a friend. She is wait ing for you. You ask:

(wait I long?) Have ........................ ........... .. .... . .. ....................... .. ....... .. .. ........ .... ................ ........... ...................... ..

3 You see somebody fishing by the river. You ask:

(catch I any fish ?) ...

4 Some friends of yours are having a party next week. You ask:

(how many people I invite?)

5 A friend of yours is a teacher. You ask:

(how long I teach?) . ............ ... ... .. .

6 You meet somebody who is a writer. You ask:

(how many books I write?) ....................... ...... .. ... .... . ...... . ..... . . ........ ... ........ ............... ...... ... ........ .. .................. ..... ..

(how long I write I books?) ...... .. ..... . .. .. . . .. . . ..... ... ..... . . ................ .. .. .......... .. ...... .. ........................ ........................... . ...... .. .... .

7 A friend of yours is saving money to go on a world trip . You ask:

(how long I save?) .......... ......... ............ .. ........ ............................................................... .. ............. .. .. .. .... .......... ... ............................. .. ... .. .. ...... ........ ...... ..

(how much money I save?) ....... .. ............. ......... .. ......................... .. .............. .. .. ................ ....... .......................... .. .. ....... ..... .. ...... ...................... .

Put the verb into the more suitable form, present perfect simple (I have done) or continuous (I have been doing) .

1 Where have you been? ... H~ye __ yq~--- ~ ~Y.1 .. P~~g . (you I play) tennis?

2 Look! .................................. ........ (somebody I break) that window.

3 You look tired. ........................................... . ..... (you I work) hard? 4 ' ...... .... .......... ....... . .... ....... (you I ever I work) in a factory?' 'No, never.' 5 'Liz is away on holiday.' 'Is she? Where ... .... . . ..... . .... (she I go) ?'

6 My brother is an actor. .... .... .. ......................................................................... (he I appear) in severa l films.

7 'Sorry I'm late.' 'That's all right. .. ............................ ..................... ................. ....... .. .................. (I I not I wa it) long.'

8 'I . ' ll . . ?' 'N (' I ) I s 1t st1 ra1n1ng . o, ........ .......... .. ........ . . ....... ... . .... .. . .. .. 1t stop .

9 ........... ... .... ......... .............. .............. .. ..... (I I lose) my phone. . ........ .................. .. ... ........... .......... ........ .... .............. .. ............. (you I see) it anywhere?

10 ............. ........ .. ........ ..... .. .. .. .. .... .. ... .. .. ...... ........................ (I I read) the book you lent me, but

.................................................... ..... ............. ......... .. .. .. .. .... (I I not I finish) it yet. it's very interesting. 11 ................................................. ...................................... (I I read) the book you lent me, so you can have it back now.

12 This is a very o ld book. ..... .. ....................................... ... (I I have) it since I was a chi ld.

21

Exercises Are the underlined verbs right or wrong? Correct them where necessary.

1 Ben is a friend of mine. I know him very well. ... Q~ .................. ...................................... ..... ..... .. ............... . 2 Ben is a friend of mine. I know him for a long time. l lve, kY\o~n him .................. .

3 Sarah and Ad am are married since Ju ly. .............. ...... . . ......... . . 4 The weather is awful. lt's raining again. . .................... . .... .... ..................... . ....... .............. . 5 The weather is awful. lt's raining all day. . ............. .... ......... .. .. ............................ .. ............ ............. ... .................. .. 6 I like your house. How long are you living there? ......... ..... ... . . . ........... .. 7 Gary is working in a shop for the last few months. .. ... .... ... ..... . . ............. . 8 I don't know Tom well. We've only met a few times. .......... . .. ...... . ......................... .. 9 I gave up drinking coffee. I don't drink it for a year. .. .. ...... ... ...................... ...... .......................... .. ................................ ..

10 Thafs a very old bike. How long do you have it? . . .... . . .. ............. ..... .. .. .............................................. .... .

Read the situations and write questions from the words in brackets.

1 A friend tells you that Paul is in hospital. You ask him:

(how long I be I in hospital?) ... HO.N .. lp.ng hCA-? .... P.@.~ .. b~n .~ ... h9.?.PW? .................. ...... ........... ....................... . 2 You meet a woman who tells you that she teaches English. You ask her:

(how long I teach I English?) .......... ... . ...... . . ....... . ...... . ..... .. ........ .. 3 You know that j ane is a good friend of Katherine's. You ask jane:

(how long I know I Katherine?) ...................... .. ... ...... . .... ... ................. ... ... . ..................................................... . 4 Your friend's brother went to Australia some time ago and he's still there. You ask your friend:

(how long I be I in Australia?) ......... ... ....... . ... ... . ......... .......... . ... .. ........... ..

5 Tom always wears the same jacket. lt's a very old jacket. You ask him: (how long I have I that jacket?) . ...... .............. . .... . ..... ............. . . ...... ................... .. ......................... ..

6 You are talking to a friend about joe. joe now works at the airport. You ask your friend: (how long I work I at the airport?) ...... ..... .... .... . . . . ......... .. ..... ... . ........ ... ...... .. .............. ...... ... ..

7 A friend of yours is having guitar lessons. You ask him: (how long I have I guitar lessons?) ................ .

8 You meet somebody on a plane. She says that she lives in Chicago. You ask her: (always I live I in Chicago?) .... .. .. ................ .. . .. .................. ............................. .. ................ .............. ......................................... ........... .

Complete B's answers to A's questions.

A

1 Paul is in hospital, isn't he?

2 Do you see Ann very often?

3 Is Amy married?

4 Are you wait ing for me?

5 You know Mel, don't you?

6 Do you sti ll play tennis?

7 Is joe watching TV?

8 Do you watch TV a lot?

9 Do you have a headache?

10 Adrian is never ill, is he?

11 Are you feeling ill?

12 Sue lives in Berlin, doesn't she?

13 Do you go to the cinema a lot?

14 Would you like to go to New York one day?

.I

B

Y h ho..s be,e,n · h ·t l · M d es, e .. . .... .. .. ... .. .... m osp1 a smce on ay.

No, I h~y_~\ .. s~ . her for three months.

Yes, she ...... . ........................ married for ten years.

Yes, I . ........................... .......................... ................. for the last half hour.

Yes, we ...................................................... each other a long time.

No, I . ........... ...... .. ................ . . .... . .. tennis for years.

Yes, he ......................... ................................ ...................... TV all evening.

No, I ...................................................................... ............ ........... ............... TV for ages.

Yes, I .. .

No, he

a headache all morning.

.. ill since I've known him.

Yes, I .. .................................................................................................... ill all day.

Yes, she ........................ ....... .. ........................... ... .................. in Berlin for the last few years.

No, I .. ........................ ... . ..... ........................... .. to the cinema for ages.

Yes, I ... . .. ..... . .. ..... ...... . . . ....... .. ..... ....... .. .. to go to New York. (use always I want)

23

Exercises Write for or since.

1 lt ' b . . smce l ht" s een ra1n1ng ....................... unc 1me.

2 Sarah has lived in Paris .................. ...... 1995. 3 Paul has lived in Brazil ...... ....... __ ten years. 4 I' . d f . . w I b . . h h m t1re o wa1t1ng. eve een s1tt1ng ere __ .... ..... ... ... an our.

5 Kevin has been looking for a job ...... ............................ he left school.

6 I haven't been to a party ............ ... . ......... ages.

7 I wonder where joe is. I haven't seen him last week.

8 jane is away. She's been away .................. Friday.

9 The weather is dry. lt hasn't rained .. ........ .... ... .. .. a few weeks.

Write questions with how Long and when.

1 it's raining.

(how long?) .. How lQ_Ylg .... h<A-s .i-t ~-~_ .. r<Airl.lK\g..? .... .... . ....... . .... . ..... . ............................................ . (when?) . ____ wn ~Y.' ... 4U .... i& ... ?..W.X.t ... .r.W.4J.g. ~ ...... .. ........................................................................................... ............ .......... .. .. ................... ... .

2 Kate is learning Japanese.

(how long I learn?) ................ ... .... . ...... _______ ......... ..... ....... ........ .. .. ..... ....................... ........... ..................... . ................................. .

(when I start?) ... . .... ___ .. ..... . ........ . . ..................... . ....... . ........ ..... ............ . ..... .

3 I know Simon.

(how long I you I know?) ............................................................. .............. ............................................................. .. ....... ......................... ........... .

(when I you I first I meet?) . ... .. .................... . . ............................. ............................................................................................. .

4 Rebecca and David are married.

(how long?) .. . .. . ...... . .................. . . .. .. .... .............. .. .. . .. . ....................... ..... . ........................ ........ .. ........... .. ......... ................................. ..

(when?) . .... ..... . .. ... . . .. ... . ... ...... ... .............................. .. .. . . ..... ..... ... .................... . ........... .... ......................... .. ............ ....... .

Read the situations and complete the sentences.

1 I ' · · 1 ' b · · · l h · I sw..rted.. r<Airtrnn t l ht. t s ra~nmg. t s een ra1n1ng s~nce unc t1me. t ........................................... 3- .. a unc 1me.

2 Ann and jess are friends. They first met years ago. They've ... J .r.JQ.NY\ ... ~ ... .9~.~--- fu~ ........ years.

3 Mark is ill. He became ill on Sunday. He has .............................................................................................................. ........ Sunday. 4 Mark is ill. He became ill a few days ago. He has ______ ...................................................................... a few days.

5 Sarah is married. She's been married for a year. She got ................................................................................... .

6 You have a headache. lt started when you woke up.

I've .................. ..................... ............................... .. .. ......... ............................. I woke up.

7 Sue has been in Italy for the last three weeks. She went .......... __ ................. .

8 You're working in a hotel. You started six months ago.

I've ................ .. ............................................ .. .. ................................................... ...................................................................................... ... ................ .. ..................... ·

Write B's sentences using the words in brackets.

1 A: Do you often go on holiday? B: No, .... ..1 J!.~Y.e.?:\,t .h~----~ .. JlQ.~ ... fur.. five years.

2 A: Do you often see Laura? B: No, I .............. . ...... __ .................. . ................................................ ................ about a month.

3 A: Do you often go to the cinem a?

B: No, .......... ... . . ..... .. ........................................ .................................................. a long time. 4 A: Do you often eat in restaurants?

B: No, ......................................................................................................................................... ages.

Now write B's answers again. This time use lt's ... since .. . .

5 (1) .. .. N Q.) .. .. i&~?. .. _fi_,y~ .. ~~.?. .. s.~<:& .. ! ... h% .... Cb. ... Y1 Q.~.· .............................. ...................................................................................... ..

6 (2} No, its .............. ....................... .. ....................................... .. ......................... .......................................... .... ......................................................................... ... .

7 (3) N 0 I . ......... ............. . .......... .......................... ....... .......... . .. . . .... ..... .. ................. .................................................................. ................................. .............. ..

8 (4) ... . ......... ... .. ................. . . ' . ....... . .. ..... . ..... . .......... .... ..... ......... ....... .. ............. '

25

Exercises Complete the sentences using the verbs in brackets. Use the present perfect where possible.

Otherwise use the past simple.

GJ

I can't get in. 1 .... \e lq?t . (lose) my

key.

I meant to call you last night,

but I (forget) .

Yes, I ....... . (have) a headache, but I'm fine now.

The office is empty now.

Everybody

(go) home.

Helen (go) to Egypt for a holiday, but

she's back home in England now.

Can you help us? Our car

Are the underlined parts of these sentences right or wrong? Correct them where necessary.

1 Did you hear about Sue? She's given up her job. Ok ... . ........ .. .... _ .................................... . 2 My mother has grown up in Italy. . ... .gr~ . . . ...... . ... .. ...................................... .. 3 How many poems has William Shakespeare written? ...... ...................................................... ............................... .

4 Ow! I've cut my finger. lt 's bleeding. ........ ......... ............ . ............................................ ..

5 Drugs have become a big problem everywhere. . ... . . .. . ..... . ............................ .

6 Who has invented paper? ....... .. .. ..... . . ..... . ................................. .

7 Where have you been born? .................... .... .. ..... . . . . ..... _ .......................... .

8 Ellie isn't at home. She's gone shopping. ................... . .... . .................................... .

9 Albert Einstein has been the scientist who .................... ............ ....... .. ... ..... ..

has developed the theory of relativity. ....... ... ....... .. ........ .. . ........................ .

Put the verb into the correct form, present perfect or past simple.

1 lt sto eeL · · f h'l b · ' · · · ('t I t ) .......... PP ...... ra1n1ng or a w 1 e, ut now 1t s rammg agam. 1 s op

2 The town where I live is very different now. . .l.t h.~~ ... ~.@.9~ ..... a lot. (it I change)

3 I studied German at school, but ......... ..... .. .. .... . .. . .. .. ............. most of it now. (I I forget)

4 The police . three people, but later they let them go. (arrest)

5 What do you think of my English? Do you think ? (it I improve) 6 A: Are you still reading the paper?

s: No, ... . .............. with it. You can have it. (I I finish)

7 _ ....... for a job as a tourist guide, but I wasn 't successful. (I I apply)

8 Where's my bike? ..... . .. . ..... outside the house, but it's not there now. (it I be)

9 Quick! We need to ca ll an ambulance. . .. .. . ...... . .... .. ... an accident. (there I be)

10 A: Have you heard about Ben? .................... .... . ............... his arm. (he I break)

B: Really? How .. .. .... . .... ... ..... ? (that I happen)

A: . . . .. ... . ..... . ... off a ladder. (he I fall)

Unit -_ 13

27

Exercises Are the underlined parts of these sentences right or wrong? Correct them where necessary .

1 I've lost my key. I can,t find it anywhere. ... 0-'S ......... .. ........ .. .................................. .......... ........................ . 2 Have you eaten a lot of sweets when you were a child? 3 I've bought a new car. You must come and see it. 4 I've bought a new ca r last week. 5 Where have you been yesterday evening? 6 Lucy has left school in 1999. 7 I'm looking for Mike. Have you seen him? 8 'Have you been to Paris?, 'Yes, many times.' 9 l,m very hungry. I haven,t eaten much today.

10 When has this book been published?

..Di4 ... W?.~ ... ~--·· ············· ... ... .

Make sentences from the words in brackets. Use the present perfect or past simple.

1 (it I not I rain I this week) . lt . h~?..n.\ .. .r~.~ ~-~? .... W.~ , ....................... .... . ...... ............... ... .... . .. ..... . 2 (the weather I be I cold I recently) The weather .................. ............................ ....... .. ......... ... .. ... ................. .. .. ....... ...................... ... . 3 (it I cold I last week) lt ........ ..... . .......... ........ .. .. ..... .... .. . ...................... ..................... ........ .. ........ ................................... ..................... . 4 (I I not I read I a newspaper yesterday) I . . .......... ........ .. .. ................ .. . . ................ .. 5 (I I not I read I a newspaper today) ......... ... . . .. . ................... . . . .... .. . . ....... . . ...... .. ... . . .. 6 (Emily I earn I a lot of money I this year) ................................ ..... .. ....... ...... ......... ................................... .............. . . 7 (she I not I earn I so much I last year) ................. ........... .............. .. ........... .. ............. .......... ................................. .. ..................... . 8 (you I have I a holiday recently?) .......... ....... .......... .. ................. . . . ........ ... ..... .. . .................................... .. .

Put the verb into the correct form, present perfect or past simple.

1 'Whafs Madrid like?, 'I don,t know . ..... J ... h.Q--Y.~nl .. P.e&n ..... (I I not I be) there. ' 2 When . ... .............. ...... .. . ...... ................ ... (I I get) home last night, ............................... ....................... (I I be)

very tired and ..... ........ .. .. .. (I I go) straight to bed. 3 A: ........... ... .................................... ...... (you I see) Lisa recently?

B: Yes, ... ... ......... ..... .. ... .. ........... ... ... .... .. (I I saw) her a few days ago. 4 l,m tired. ... .... . . ... ......... .. . . ................. .... (1 I not I sleep) well last night. 5 The bus drivers were on strike last week. .. (there I be) no buses. 6 Mr Lee . . ....... (work) in a bank for 15 years. Then ........................................ (he I give)

it up. Now he works as a gardener. 7 Mary lives in Dublin. .... ... ... .. .. .. .. ..... . ................. . ............ . (she I live) there all her life. 8 A: ... . .. ................ ..... ................... (you I go) to the cinema last night?

B: Yes, but ........ ....... .................. . . .... (it I be) a mistake. The film ......... . (be) awful. 9 My grandfather .. ....... ..... ... ... .. . .. ...... ......... (die) before I was born. . .... . ............................ ................ ..

(1 I never I meet) him. 10 I don't know Karen's husband. .. .......................................................................... (I I never I meet) him. 11 Ifs nearly lunchtime, and .. .. .. ..... ........... ... .. ...... ...... . (I I not I see) Martin all morning.

I wonder where he is. 12 'Where do you live?, 'In Boston.'

'How long ..................... .. .. ............... .. ................. ....... .. ............. . (you I live) there?' 'Five years.' 'Where .. .... ... ... .. ....... . . . . .. ..... ...... . . (you I live) before that?' 'I n Chicago., 'And how long ...... ........... ... .. . . .... . ........... .. .... . (you I live) in Chicago?' 'Two years. '

Write sentences about yourself using the ideas in brackets.

1 (something you haven't done today) .... ..1. ~.QvV:~Y1.1

.i:. .... ~n CM1H ... fr.tA.~ ... t9~................... . . .. ......... ........ . 2 (something you haven,t done today) .... .... ... . ....... ... .... . ... ..... .... .. ........... .. 3 (something you didn,t do yesterday) .... . ..... . ............ .. . . . ... ......... .. .. .. ........... .. 4 (something you did yesterday evening) ............ ... ................. .. . .......................... ..... . . ................ ....... ..... .. ............... .. 5 (something you haven't done recently) .................................... .. ......................... ............ .... ........... ............................. .......... .... ............... .. 6 (something you've done a lot recently) .... ..... .. . ...... . .. . . ..... . . ...... .. . ....... ............ .. ...................... .

_.Additional exercises 2- 4 (pages 303- 04) , 14- 15 (pages 310- 11) 29