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37, EXERCIS

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1. EVER SINCE = SINCEUSE IT WITH THE PRESENT PERFECT FOR SOMETHING THAT BEGAN IN THE PAST AND IS STILL TRUE IN THE PRESENT.

EVER SINCE I WAS A CHILD, I HAVE NEVER BEEN BORED.

EVER SINCE I WAS A CHILD, I HAVE BEEN STUDYING.

EVER SINCE I WAS A CHILD, I HAVE NEVER SMOKED.

2. WHEN I WAS A CHILD = A TIME IN THE PAST THAT IS NOW FINISHED.

WHEN I WAS A CHILD, I WAS POOR.

WHEN I WAS A CHILD, I WAS NAUGHTY.

WHEN I WAS A CHILD, I LIKED SWEET STUFF.

3. I STARTED ATTENDING THIS SCHOOL IN THE PAST. TALK ABOUT SOMETHING THAT STARTED AT THAT TIME AND IS STILL TRUE.

I HAVE IMPROVED MY GRAMMAR SKILLS EVER SINCE I STARTED ATTENDING THIS SCHOOL.

I HAVE MORE ENERGY EVER SINCE I STARTED ATTENDING THIS SCHOOL.

I HAVE HAD TO DO A LOT OF HOMEWORK EVER SINCE I STARTED ATTENDING THIS SCHOOL.

4. YOU HAVE TO TALK ABOUT SOMETHING THAT HAPPENED IN THE PAST EITHER AT THE SAME TIME AS YOU STARTEDOR IMMEDIATELY AFTER YOU STARTED.

IT’S NOT SOMETHING CONTINUING IN THE PRESENT.

I SAW A LOT OF NEW STUDENTS WHEN I STARTED ATTENDING THIS SCHOOL.

I GOT A GIRLFRIEND WHEN I STARTED ATTENDING THIS SCHOOL.

I WAS AFRAID TO EAT THE FOOD WHEN I STARTED ATTENDING THIS SCHOOL.

5. UNTIL = BEFORETALK ABOUT SOMETHING THAT WAS TRUE AND THEN FINISHED.

I NEVER SPOKE ENGLISH UNTIL I CAME TO THE U.S.

I WORKED HARD UNTIL I CAME TO THIS SCHOOL, BUT NOW I DON’T HAVE TIME OR ENERGY TO WORK SO HARD.

I NEVER EXERCISED UNTIL I GOT FAT = I NEVER DID EXERCISE UNTIL I GOT FAT.

I NEVER SMOKED UNTIL I LOST MY JOB.

6. WHEN THE SEMESTER BEGAN: WRITE ABOUT SOMETHING THAT HAPPENED AT THE SPECIFIC TIME WHEN THE SEMESTER BEGAN, OR JUST AFTER THAT.

WHEN THE SEMESTER BEGAN, I STARTED TO DO A LOT OF HOMEWORK .

WHEN THE SEMESTER BEGAN, MANY STUDENTS REGISTERED IN THIS CLASS

7. SINCE: TALK ABOUT SOMETHING THAT BEGAN WHEN THE SEMESTER BEGAN AND IS STILL TRUE.

SINCE THE SEMESTER BEGAN, I HAVE BEEN WORKING HARD.

SINCE THE SEMESTER BEGAN, I HAVEN’T HAD ENOUGH TIME FOR MYSELF.

8. WRITE ABOUT SOMETHING IN THE PAST THE PAST THAT HAPPENED WHEN YOU WERE A CERTAIN AGE.

MY SISTER WAS BORN WHEN I WAS TWO YEARS OLD/I WAS TWO.

I CAME TO THE UNITED STATES WHEN I WAS 23.

I COULDN’T DRIVE A CAR WHEN I CAME TO THE UNITED STATES.

7. UNTIL

TALK ABOUT SOMETHING THAT WAS TRUE IN THE PAST AND THEN STOPPED. USE SIMPLE PAST.

I LIVED WITH MY PARENTS UNTIL I WAS MARRIED.

I DEPENDED ON MY FAMILY UNTIL I WAS ABOUT 15.

THE HOUSE WAS ON FIRE UNTIL THE FIREMEN CAME. (THE FIREMEN STOPPED THE FIRE.)

I ATTENDED HIGH SCHOOL UNTIL I WAS 18.

10. EVER SINCE FOR SOMETHING THAT BEGAN AT CERTAIN AGE AND IS STILL TRUE.

I HAVE BEEN FAT EVER SINCE I QUIT SMOKING WHEN I WAS 35.

I HAVE BEEN WORKING HARD EVER SINCE I WAS 18.

I HAVE BEEN LIVING IN ALBANY EVER SINCE MY NEIGHBOR’S SON WAS BORN.

11. WHEN I GRADUATED FROM COLLEGE, I GOT AN OFFICE JOB.

WHEN I GRADUATED FROM COLLEGE IN 1970, THERE WERE A LOT OF ANTI-DEMONSTRATIONS GOING ON.

12. SINCE I GRADUATED FROM COLLEGE, I HAVE ALWAYS BEEN WORKING.

SINCE I GRADUATED FROM HIGH SCHOOL, I HAVE BEEN WORKING HARD.

(YOU GRADUATED IN THE PAST, AND YOU ARE TALKING ABOUT SOMETHING THAT STARTED AT THAT TIME AND IS STILL TRUE.)

13. UNTIL I GRADUATED FROM COLLEGE, I COULD NOT GET A GOOD JOB.

UNTIL IS IN THE PAST, NOT TRUE NOW. IT FINISHED AT THE TIME.

UNTIL I GRADUATED FROM COLLEGE, I HAD A PART TIME JOB. (I GOT A FULL TIME JOB AFTER I GRADUATED.)

UNTIL I GRADUATED FROM COLLEGE, I COULD NOT BUY A CAR. (NOW, I CAN.)