1. 1. PACOM ISSUES AND CHALLENGES
2. 2. Introduction In accordance with national guidance, our desired end state is that the Asia-Pacific is secure and prosperous, underpinned by U.S. leadership and a rules-based international order. To this end, we will strengthen alliances and partnerships, maintain an assured presence in the region, and effectively communicate our intent and resolve to safeguard U.S. national interests. Commander, U.S. Pacific Command, Admiral Samuel J. Locklear III
3. 3. Area of Responsibility Covers half Earths surface and more than half its population 36 nations total Includes the worlds busiest international sea lanes and 9 of the 10 largest ports Most militarized region in the world: 7 of the 10 largest standing militaries and 5 of the worlds declared nuclear nations
4. 4. PACOM as a Combatant Command Total number of civilian and military personnel: 330,000 (1/5 of total U.S. military strength) U.S. Army Pacific: 5 Stryker brigades and more than 60,000 assigned personnel U.S. Pacific Fleet: 180 ships (including 5 aircraft carrier strike groups), nearly 2,000 aircraft, and 140,000 sailors and civilians U.S. Pacific Air Forces: More than 435 aircraft and approximately 43,000 airmen Marine Corps Force, Pacific: 2 Marine Expeditionary Forces and about 85,000 personnel (2/3 of total Marine Corps combat strength) U.S. Coast Guard: 27,000 personnel in the Pacific area Component command: More 1,200 Special Operations personnel and roughly 38,000 civilians
5. 5. Guiding Principles 1) International Rules 2) Partnerships 3) Presence 4) Force Projection 5) Unity of Effort 6) Strategic Communication 7) Readiness to Fight and Win
6. 6. Security Environment Areas of Focus/Threats: 1) Sea/Air 2) WMD/Terrorism/ungoverned spaces 3) China/N. Korea
7. 7. Security Environment Sea/Air I) Access II) Energy III) Transportation/Commerce
8. 8. Security Environment - Sea/Air Access Northeast Asia (NEA) Southeast Asia (SEA) South Asia Oceania
9. 9. Security Environment - Sea/Air Energy 1) Tripling of consumption over last 3 decades 2) Oil primary source of energy in Asia-Pacific 3) Oil imports critically important for U.S. allies Japan & South Korea PACOMs Energy Consumption 2010
10. 10. Security Environment - Sea/Air Transportation/ Commerce Freedom of navigation and SLOCs Maritime shipping lanes Critical Chokepoints Malacca, Suda & Lombok Straits Disruption Accidents, terrorism & piracy East China Sea
11. 11. Security Environment WMD/Terrorism/ungoverned spaces I) Terrorist Organizations in the AOR, threats and opportunities II) North Korea/pursuit of a nuclear deterrent other chemical threats. Other CBRN possible threats in the region. III) Piracy
12. 12. Terrorism in the Asia Pacific Region originates mostly from South East Asia. The Main terrorist groups are 1) Jemaah Islamiya-Indonesia 2) Abu Sayyaf/Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF)/New Peoples Army-Philippines 3) Southern Insurgency groups (Runda Kumpulan Kecil )- Thailand 4) Jemaah Ilamiya/Kampulan Mujheddin Malaysia (KMM)-Malaysia Security Environment Terrorism
13. 13. Security Environment Terrorism Terrorist Incidents in South East Asia
14. 14. Security Environment WMD 1) The Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) has an active nuclear weapons program and tested nuclear explosive devices in 2006, 2009, and 2013 2) Canceled the Armistice with South Korea 3) Most of North Koreas nuclear complex lies underground making it difficult to determine its full capabilities
15. 15. Security Environment Piracy Piracy prone region due to the vast amount of trade (energy) that passes daily ($1.2 trillion in U.S. trade pass through the South China Sea) Best interest of USPACOM that countries are engaged regarding piracy and energy Prone Areas: Bangladesh Indonesia Malacca Straits Singapore Straits South China Sea
16. 16. South East Asia Shipping Lanes
17. 17. Map of Strait of Malacca
18. 18. Security Environment China/N. Korea I) Territorial Claims and Disputes II) China: Threats and Concerns III) North Korea: Military and Nuclear Aspirations
19. 19. Security Environment N. Korea Nuclear Aspirations and Development: 1) Extensive Ballistic Missile Development 2) Continued proliferation threat 3) Has conducted three nuclear tests with the intent of creating a nuclear deterrent. 4) One of the largest standing armies in the world. 5) No formal peace treaty with the ROK/US 6) Major source of human trafficking in Asia
20. 20. Presence Enhance and adapt our enduring presence in the region and enable more effective engagement with partners. -PACOM U.S. Military Assets of USN assets, 2/3 of USMC Combat Strength, 1/5 of Total Military Freedom of Navigation USN intends to increase commitment of assets from 50% to 60% by 2020. South China Sea has 7 countries claiming territorial waters. Port Visits The U.S. Navy makes approximately 700 port visits throughout the Pacific region each year. Coast Guard
21. 21. Joint Operations U.S. Coast Guard High Seas Drift Net Exclusive Economic Zones Anti-Piracy JIATF West JIATF West partners with U.S. and foreign law enforcement agencies through regional U.S. Embassies and their respective country teams. JIATF West also partners with regional law enforcement agencies who coordinate complementary capabilities in the region. JIATF West brings military and law enforcement capabilities together to combat and reduce transnational crime in the Asia-Pacific - PACOM
22. 22. Support Humanitarian Aide USPACOM participated in more than 20 disaster relief operations in 12 countries and one U.S. territory (Japan, South Korea, the Philippines, Palau, Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Burma, India, Madagascar, Sri Lanka and Guam) since 1996. - PACOM Global Security Contingency Fund The FY2012 National Defense Authorization Act (P.L. 112-81), Section 1207, created a new Global Security Contingency Fund (GSCF) as a four-year pilot project to be jointly administered and funded by the Department of Defense (DOD) and the State Department. The purpose of the fund is to carry out security and counterterrorism training, and rule of law programs. - GAO
23. 23. Support Civil Military POW/MIA Accounting Teams 78 investigation and recovery operations in 2012 Areas of Interest China - operations ongoing DPRK - operations resumed in 2012 Burma - operations to commence in 2013 India discussions continue Philippines discussions continue
24. 24. Alliances and Partnerships ANZUS, AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND (1951 ) PARTIES: United States , Australia, New Zealand JAPANESE TREATY (Bilateral, 1951) PARTIES: United States and Japan REPUBLIC OF KOREA TREATY (Bilateral 1951) PARTIES: United States and South Korea
25. 25. Alliances and Partnerships PHILIPPINE TREATY (Bilateral, 1951) PARTIES: United States, Philippines SOUTHEAST ASIA TREATY A treaty signed September 8, 1954, whereby each party recognizes that aggression by means of armed attack in the treaty area against any of the Parties would endanger its own peace and safety and each will in that event act to meet the common danger in accordance with its constitutional processes. PARTIES: United States , Australia, France, New Zealand, Philippines, Thailand, and the United Kingdom
26. 26. Joint Exercises TALISMAN SABER 1) A biennial Australia/United bilateral exercise merging Exercises TANDEM THRUST, KINGFISHER and CROCODILE. 2) TALISMAN SABER is the primary training venue for Commander Seventh Fleet as a Combined Task Force (CTF) in a short warning, power projection, forcible entry scenario. 3) The exercise is a key opportunity to train Australian and US combined forces in mid to high-intensity combat operations using training areas in Australia
27. 27. Joint Exercises COBRA GOLD A joint/combined exercise with Thailand designed to improve U.S./Thai combat readiness and joint/combined interoperability. BALIKATAN A joint exercise with the Republic of the Philippines and the U.S. to improve combat readiness and interoperability. KEEN SWORD/KEEN EDGE Joint/bilateral training exercises to increase combat readiness and joint interoperability of U.S. Forces and Japan Self-Defense Forces for defense of Japan.
28. 28. Joint Exercises RIM OF THE PACIFIC 1) A biennial large-scale multinational power projection/sea control exercise. In 2000, participants included the U.S., Canada, Australia, Japan, South Korea, Chile and the United Kingdom. 2) USPACOM participated in more than 20 disaster relief operations in 12 countries and one U.S. territory (Japan, South Korea, the Philippines, Palau, Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Burma, India, Madagascar, Sri Lanka and Guam) since 1996.
29. 29. Conclusions 1) Alliances, Cooperation and Partnerships within Nations with rebalancing Strategy. 2) Promote Regional Security and Challenges within Maritime and air domains, Space and Cyberspace. 3) Defend the United States territories and interests. 4) Threat Posed by the DPRK. 5) Rise of China.
30. 30. Questions?