P3 – Identify the Location of the Major Muscles in the Human Body.
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Transcript of P3 – Identify the Location of the Major Muscles in the Human Body.
UNIT 1 – ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
P3 – Identify the Location of the Major Muscles in the Human Body
Introduction There are over 640 muscles in your body They have a very good blood supply to provide
oxygen & nutrients and remove waste products Your muscles are controlled by your nervous system When a message is sent to your muscles it makes
them contract When your muscles contract they get shorter & pull
on the bones that they are attached to One end doesn’t move (the origin) the other end
moves towards the origin (the insertion)
Muscle Characteristics
Contractility – the ability to shorten
Excitability – responds to stimulus
Extensibility – can be stretched (blu-tac)
Elasticity – if stretched, will return to original length (elastic band)
Cardiac Muscle
Very specialised Only found in the heart Works continuously Never gets tired Involuntary Striated/striped under a microscope Has it’s own blood supply
Smooth Muscle
Found in walls of digestive system & blood vessels
Involuntary Performs automatic tasks
Skeletal Muscle
Attached to bones Striated/striped under a microscope Voluntary Responsible for stability & movement
Muscle Location Origin Insertion Action
Biceps Anterior Upper Arm Scapula Radius Elbow Flexion
Triceps Posterior Upper Arm Humerus Ulna (olecranon)
Elbow Extension
Muscle Location Origin Insertion Action
Deltoids Top of Shoulder Clavicle & Scapula
Humerus Shoulder Abduction
Latissimus Dorsi
Middle Back Pelvis & Spine Humerus Shoulder Adduction
Muscle Location Origin Insertion Action
Pectoralis Major
Chest Sternum & Clavicle
Humerus Horizontal FlexionShoulder adduction
Teres Major
Posterior Shoulder
Scapula Humerus Shoulder AdductionInternal Rotation
Trapezius Upper Back Skull & Vertebra Scapula & Clavicle
Shoulder ElevationShoulder RetractionShoulder DepressionNeck Extension
Muscle Location Origin Insertion Action
Rectus Abdominis
Front of Stomach
Pubic bone Xiphoid Trunk flexion
Internal Obliques
Sides of stomach
Iliac crest ribs Trunk rotation
External Obliques
Sides of stomach
Ribs Iliac crest Trunk rotation
Errector Spinae
Either side of spine
Sacrum Ribs, vertebra, skull
Spine extension
Muscle Location Origin Insertion Action
Rectus Femoris
Front of hip & thigh
Pelvis Tibia Hip flexionKnee extension
Vastus Medialis
Front of thigh Femur Tibia Knee extension
Vastus Intermedialis
Front of thigh Femur Tibia Knee extension
Vastus Lateralis
Front of thigh Femur Tibia Knee extension
Muscle Location Origin Insertion Action
Gluteus Maximus Backside Pelvis Femur Hip extension
Biceps Femoris Back of thigh Pelvis (ischium)
Fibula Hip extensionKnee flexion
Semimembranosus Back of thigh Pelvis (ischium)
Tibia Hip extensionKnee flexion
Semitendinosus Back of thigh Pelvis (ischium)
Tibia Hip extensionKnee flexion
Gluteus Maximus
Muscle Location Origin Insertion Action
Tibialis Anterior Front of shin
Tibia 1st metatarsal & tarsal
Dorsiflexion & inversion
Gastrocnemius Calf Femur Calcaneum Knee FlexionPlantarflexion
Soleus Calf Tibia Calcaneum Plantarflexion