Overview Water Sanitation Asia UNSGAB Seetharam
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Transcript of Overview Water Sanitation Asia UNSGAB Seetharam
8/6/2019 Overview Water Sanitation Asia UNSGAB Seetharam
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Overview of Water andSanitation in Asia
Overview of Water andSanitation in Asia
Asian Dialogue on Water and Sanitation
31 May 2007, Shanghai
Kallidaikurichi Easwaran SeetharamPrincipal Water Supply and Sanitation Specialist,
Regional and Sustainable Development Department
The author’s views do not necessarily represent the policies of ADB or its Board of Directors
Asian Dialogue on Water and Sanitat ion
31 May 2007, Shanghai
Kallidaikurichi Easwaran SeetharamPrincipal Water Supply and Sanitation Specialist,
Regional and Sustainable Development Department
The author’s views do not necessarily represent the policies of ADB or its Board of Directors
8/6/2019 Overview Water Sanitation Asia UNSGAB Seetharam
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Water and Sanitation CoverageWater and Sanitation Coverage
in Asia and the Pacificin Asia and the Pacific
8/6/2019 Overview Water Sanitation Asia UNSGAB Seetharam
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Good progress made,but significant gaps remain
Drinking Water Coverage Estimates for Subregions in Asia and the Pacific, 1990 and 2002 (in millions)
1990
Population* Served Population** Unserved Population
Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural
East and Northeast Asia 1,351 446 905 994 445 549 357 1 356
North and Central Asia 215 140 75 196 135 61 19 5 14
Pacific 27 19 8 24 19 5 3 - 3
South and Southwest Asia 1,232 345 887 875 310 568 357 35 319
Southeast Asia 440 141 299 321 128 194 119 13 105
Total 3,265 1,091 2,174 2,410 1,037 1,377 855 54 797
2002
Population* Served Population** Unserved Population
Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural
East and Northeast Asia 1,502 631 871 1,202 591 604 300 40 260
North and Central Asia 216 135 81 197 133 68 19 2 17
Pacific 32 23 9 28 23 5 4 - 4
South and Southwest Asia 1,551 481 1,070 1,318 457 871 233 24 209
Southeast Asia 536 220 316 423 201 226 113 19 94
Total 3,837 1,490 2,347 3,168 1,405 1,774 669 85 584
Increase from 1990 to 2002 572 399 173 758 368 397 (186) 31 (213)
Subregions
Subregions
8/6/2019 Overview Water Sanitation Asia UNSGAB Seetharam
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Good progress made,but significant gaps remain
Sanitation Coverage Estimates for Subregions in Asia and the Pacific, 1990 and 2002 (in millions)
1990
Population* Served Population** Unserved Population
Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural
East and Northeast Asia 1,351 446 905 432 318 106 919 128 799
North and Central Asia 215 140 75 176 128 48 39 12 27
Pacific 27 19 8 24 19 4 3 - 4
South and Southwest Asia 1,232 345 887 283 201 76 949 144 811
Southeast Asia 440 141 299 211 97 117 229 44 182
Total 3,265 1,091 2,174 1,126 763 351 2,139 328 1,823
2002
Population* Served Population** Unserved Population
Total Urban Rural Total Urban Total Urban Rural
East and Northeast Asia 1,502 631 871 751 468 273 751 163 588
North and Central Asia 216 135 81 172 123 50 44 12 32
Pacific 32 23 9 28 23 4 4 - 4
South and Southwest Asia 1,551 481 1,070 605 334 266 946 147 799
Southeast Asia 536 220 316 327 181 163 209 39 170
Total 3,837 1,490 2,347 1,883 1,129 756 1,954 361 1,593
Increase from 1990 to 2002 572 399 173 757 366 405 (185.00) 33 (230.00)
Subregions
Subregions
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Urban Water Supply Scenario
North and Central Asia
Azerbaijan, Russia
Southeast
Asia
ThailandPacificPalau, Tuvalu
East andNortheastAsia
PRC
Pacific
Marshall
Islands, Samoa,Vanuatu
SoutheastAsia
Indonesia,Philippines
South and Southwest Asia
India, Sri Lanka,Turkey
Are countrieson track to
meet MDGTarget 10?
Are countrieson track to
meet MDGTarget 10?
8/6/2019 Overview Water Sanitation Asia UNSGAB Seetharam
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Rural Water Supply Scenario
North andCentral Asia
Azerbaijan
Southeast
Asia
IndonesiaPacificKiribati,Micronesia,Tuvalu
North and Central AsiaKazakhstan,Uzbekistan
Pacific
Palau, PapuaNew Guinea,Vanuatu
SoutheastAsia
Philippines
South and Southwest Asia
Bangladesh, India,Nepal
East andNortheastAsia
PRC
Are countrieson track to
meet MDGTarget 10?
Are countrieson track to
meet MDGTarget 10?
8/6/2019 Overview Water Sanitation Asia UNSGAB Seetharam
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Urban Sanitation Scenario
Southeast
AsiaPhilippines,Thailand,Viet Nam
PacificKiribati, Palau,Tuvalu
East andNortheastAsia
PRC
Pacific
Papua NewGuinea
South and Southwest Asia
Bangladesh, India,Pakistan, Sri Lanka
North and CentralAsia
Kazakhstan,Uzbekistan
South andSouthwest Asia
Turkey
Are countrieson track to
meet MDGTarget 10?
Are countrieson track to
meet MDGTarget 10?
8/6/2019 Overview Water Sanitation Asia UNSGAB Seetharam
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Rural Sanitation Scenario
East andNortheastAsia
PRC
Southeast Asia
Philippines,Thailand,Viet Nam
PacificCook Island,RMI, Palau,Tuvalu
PacificMicronesia,Papua NewGuinea
North andCentral Asia
Afghanistan
South and Southwest Asia
Bangladesh, India,Nepal, Pakistan, Sri
Lanka
Southeast Asia
Indonesia
South andSouthwest Asia
Turkey
Are countrieson track to
meet MDGTarget 10?
Are countrieson track to
meet MDGTarget 10?
8/6/2019 Overview Water Sanitation Asia UNSGAB Seetharam
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Access to drink ing w ater
in Asia—Big challengeNumber of people inregion lacking access
(mill ions)
Share of allunserved living inindicated region
(percent)
East Asia 300 28%
South Asia 233 22%
Southeast Asia 113 11%
Central Asia 19 2%
Pacific 4 <1%
Total 669 65%
Rest of the world 378 35%
Source: Asia Water Watch 2015
65%
8/6/2019 Overview Water Sanitation Asia UNSGAB Seetharam
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Access to sanitation in Asia—
A serious concern!Number of people inregion lacking access
(mill ions)
Share of allunserved living inindicated region
(percent)
East Asia 751 29%
South Asia 946 36%
Southeast Asia 209 8%
Central Asia 44 1%
Pacific 4 <1%
Total 1,954 79%
Rest of the world 634 21%
Source: Asia Water Watch 2015
79%
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Water and Sanitation CrucialWater and Sanitation Crucial
for Developmentfor Development
Indicator Correlation w ith water
[No of economies]
Correlation w ithsanitation
[No of economies]
HDI-2003 0.78 [150] 0.85 [140]
F/M ratio in tertiaryenrolment
0.59 [127] 0.67 [118]
Infant mortality -0.76 [150] -0.78 [140]
Under nourishedpopulation
-0.65 [121] -0.68 [113]
Per capita healthexpenditure
-0.49 [149] -0.51 [139]
Source: ADB. 2006. Strategic Thinking for Achieving the MDGs
Benefits range from $3 to $34 for $1 investedBenefits range from $3 to $34 for $1 invested
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Myths about Water andMyths about Water and
Sanitation DeliverySanitation DeliveryMyth
• Progress in achieving water andsanitation outcomes is hamperedby lack of funds
Reality• Progress can be made with
political w ill and commitment
• Champions bring about success• Good inst itut ional
arrangements sustain
the success madeby champions
8/6/2019 Overview Water Sanitation Asia UNSGAB Seetharam
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Time is of the Essence Time is of the Essence
A shift in products, business A shift in products, business
processes, and partnershipsprocesses, and partnerships
ItI t ’ ’ s time fors time for “ “Business UnusualBusiness Unusual” ”
What is it?What is it?
3 key messages from ADB3 key messages from ADB
8/6/2019 Overview Water Sanitation Asia UNSGAB Seetharam
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•• Drinking water isDrinking water is food food
(1(1 – –2 liters per capita per day)2 liters per capita per day)
•• Water for essential useWater for essential use
is ais a need need (10(10 – –2020 lpcdlpcd;;
own source, back own source, back --up)up)•• Water for other usesWater for other uses
is ais a good good (24(24--hour supply;hour supply;
full cost recovery)full cost recovery)
Deliver drinking water immediately to allDeliver drinking w ater immediately to all
Water is Food, Need, and Good
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Sanitation?Sanitation?
It means toIt means to cleanclean
Lavatory?Lavatory?
It means toIt means to latherlather
Toilet?Toilet?It means toIt means to dress updress up
Comfort Room? LadiesComfort Room? Ladies ’ ’ Room? MenRoom? Men ’ ’ s Room?s Room?
Can we coin a marketCan we coin a market-- friendly w ord?friendly word?
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Accessible(convenience)
Privacy(gender sensitive) A
Affordable
(pro-poor)
A A
Achievable(practical)
P NNature
(environmentally safe)
Aim for Aim for “ “ totaltotal” ” sanitation coverage by communitiessanitation coverage by communities
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PartnershipsPartnerships
Civil SocietyGovernment
Policy
Private Sector
ServiceDeliveryFinancing ADB
other MDBs/UNSGAB
Move water and sanitation up on the national agendaMove water and sanitation up on the national agenda
ADB
other MDBs/UNSGAB
ADBother MDBs/
UNSGAB
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