Overview on the development and application of timber ......SOURCE: CIAT INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR...
20
Overview on the development and application of timber identification methods – Genetics Andrew Lowe University of Adelaide, Australia; and Double Helix Tracking Technologies, Singapore
Transcript of Overview on the development and application of timber ......SOURCE: CIAT INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR...
Overview on the development and application of
timber identification methods – Genetics
Andrew Lowe
University of Adelaide, Australia; and Double Helix Tracking Technologies, Singapore
DNA extraction
Raw timber
Sawn timber
Solid wood product
Ancient wood
Composite products
(veneer, ply)Pulp and
paper
Intact DNA Highly degraded
DNA
Tech
no
logy fro
ntie
r
SOURCE: DOUBLEHELIX TRACKING TECHNOLOGIES
Distinguish between individuals DNA fingerprinting
Distinguish between populations Population genetics
Distinguish between speciesDNA barcoding
SOURCE: LOWE & CROSS, 2011
DNA analysis – species, region and individuals
Method Dead
tissue
Low conc
DNA
No PCR comments
Isotopes 👎 - - Only fresh leaves
RFLP 👍 👎 - Dried leaves
PCR RFLP 👍 👍👎 👎 References?
Microsatellites 👍 👍👎 👎 Standardisation?
Gene sequencing 👍 👍👎 👎👍 Short genes &
NGS
SNPs 👍 👍 👍 Best method
Species identification using DNA
barcoding
Glued oak timber is declared as
“Siberian oak “
The piece of timber is composed
of a mixture of European and
Mongolian oak
wood sample
Mo
ngo
lian
oak re
f
Euro
pean o
ak re
f
1 1 2 2
SNP chip to distinguish between
sandalwood species applied to
timber products
SOURCE: CRAWFORD, 2016
Region of origin using population
genetics
FP
4
SOURCE: PETIT ET AL., 2002; CAVERS ET AL., 2013
Genographic map
generated for Ayous
with 182 SNP markers
Four genetic clusters
with high (>95%) assignment
Blind test of wood samples
from across Africa gave
75% accuracy for region
of origin assignmentSOURCE: JARDINE ET AL., 2016
Individal identity using DNA fingerprinting
Human DNA fingerprinting international standardization using microsatellites,
for timber we can use SNPs
DNA Fingerprinting of maple• 430 individuals from 40 populations• 135 variable SNPs screened• Significant genetic structure• Individualisation probability 1 x 1023
SOURCE: JARDINE ET AL., 2015
PrimaryMatched back
International Consortium on Combating Wildlife Crime
Dormontt et al (2015) Biological Conservation. Lowe et al (2016) BioScience
Advances and future priorities
Methods
• DNA extraction
• SNP and amplicon sequencing
Required future activities
• Extend species, markers and genographic maps
• Global database of results (accessibility?)
SOURCE: CIAT INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR TROPICAL AGRICULTURE
Thanks to
• University of Adelaide
– Elly Dormontt, Kor Jent van Dijk, Duncan Jardine, Bianca Dunker, Rainbo Belton, Marlee Crawford
• Double Helix Tracking Technologies
– Darren Thomas, Avalyn Lim, Soo Lin Goh, Max Horowitz-Burdick
• von Thunen Institute, ECCDI (Myanmar), FORDA (Indonesia)
• ITTO, ACIAR, Department for Agriculture (Australia)
For further information:
Email [email protected]
University of Adelaide, Environment Institute - http://www.adelaide.edu.au/environment/
DoubleHelix - http://www.doublehelixtracking.com
Blog www.BiodiversityRevolution.org.au Twitter @profalowe
Bio and papers– http://www.adelaide.edu.au/directory/andrew.lowe Google Scholar
