Overview of the Six Kingdoms

Overview of the Overview of the Six KingdomsSix Kingdoms

VocabularyVocabulary

Which term means one-celled? Many-Which term means one-celled? Many-celled?celled?

multicellularmulticellular unicellularunicellular

Which term means that the organism Which term means that the organism produces its own food? Consumes food?produces its own food? Consumes food?

autotrophautotroph heterotrophheterotroph


Prokaryotic – describes an organism Prokaryotic – describes an organism with cells that have a cell membrane with cells that have a cell membrane but do NOT have a nuclear but do NOT have a nuclear membranemembrane

Eukaryotic – describes an organism Eukaryotic – describes an organism with cells that have a cell membrane with cells that have a cell membrane and a nuclear membraneand a nuclear membrane


Autotrophic – Autotrophic – makes its own foodmakes its own food

Heterotrophic – Heterotrophic – gets nutrients from gets nutrients from the food it the food it consumes consumes

List of the Three Domains and List of the Three Domains and the Six Kingdomsthe Six Kingdoms

1.1. Domain BacteriaDomain Bacteria– Kingdom EubacteriaKingdom Eubacteria

2. Domain Archaea2. Domain Archaea– Kingdom ArchaebacteriaKingdom Archaebacteria

33. . Domain EukaryaDomain Eukarya– Kingdom ProtistaKingdom Protista– Kingdom FungiKingdom Fungi– Kingdom PlantaeKingdom Plantae– Kingdom AnimaliaKingdom Animalia

Kingdom EubacteriaKingdom Eubacteria

Bacteria can live in many places on Bacteria can live in many places on earth, inhabiting a wide variety of earth, inhabiting a wide variety of habitats, including other organismshabitats, including other organisms

UnicellularUnicellular ProkaryoticProkaryotic Autotrophic or heterotrophicAutotrophic or heterotrophic Thick cells walls with peptidoglycanThick cells walls with peptidoglycan


Bacteria come in Bacteria come in different shapes, different shapes, such as round, such as round, spiral and rod-spiral and rod-shaped.shaped.


Bacteria can cause a wide variety of Bacteria can cause a wide variety of diseases, such as strep throat, food diseases, such as strep throat, food poisoning and the Black Death (bubonic poisoning and the Black Death (bubonic plague of the Middle Ages)plague of the Middle Ages)


Bacteria also play Bacteria also play an important role an important role in decomposition, in decomposition, nitrogen fixation nitrogen fixation and human and human digestion (digestion (E. coliE. coli))

Soybean root containing billions of bacteria


Procholorococcus – Procholorococcus – an autotrophic an autotrophic bacterium – What bacterium – What does that mean does that mean about how it gets about how it gets its nutrients?its nutrients?


Bacteria from an Bacteria from an Nitrifying Trickle Nitrifying Trickle Filter (NTF) stained Filter (NTF) stained with acridene with acridene orange. The stain orange. The stain makes makes DNA appear yellow DNA appear yellow and and RNA appear orange.RNA appear orange.

Kingdom ArchaebacteriaKingdom Archaebacteria

Bacteria that live in extreme Bacteria that live in extreme habitats, such as hot springs, habitats, such as hot springs, geysers, volcanic hot pools, brine geysers, volcanic hot pools, brine pools, black smokerspools, black smokers

UnicellularUnicellular ProkaryoticProkaryotic Autotrophic or heterotrophicAutotrophic or heterotrophic Cell walls without peptidoglycanCell walls without peptidoglycan


Morning Glory Pool in Yellowstone National Park – note the bright colors from the archaebacteria growing in the extremely hot water.


Some like it hot! Some like it hot! Bacillus infernusBacillus infernus


Archaebacteria can Archaebacteria can live deep in the live deep in the ocean near ocean near geothermal vents geothermal vents called black called black smokerssmokers

There is no light, so There is no light, so they carry out they carry out chemosynthesis chemosynthesis instead of instead of photosynthesisphotosynthesis

Kingdom ProtistaKingdom Protista

Extremely diverse groupExtremely diverse group EukaryoticEukaryotic Most unicellular, some colonial, some Most unicellular, some colonial, some

multicellularmulticellular Autotrophic and heterotrophicAutotrophic and heterotrophic Some with cell walls containing Some with cell walls containing

cellulose; some carry out cellulose; some carry out photosynthesis with chloroplastsphotosynthesis with chloroplasts

Kingdom ProtistaKingdom Protista

Volvox – a colonial protist

Euglena - autotrophic

A slime moldAmoeba - heterotrophic

Kingdom FungiKingdom Fungi

EukaryoticEukaryotic Most are multicellularMost are multicellular Heterotrophic (decomposers)Heterotrophic (decomposers) Cell walls made of chitinCell walls made of chitin

Kingdom FungiKingdom Fungi

Stilton cheese

Bread mold

Kingdom PlantaeKingdom Plantae

EukaryoticEukaryotic MulticellularMulticellular AutotrophicAutotrophic Cell wall of cellulose; chloroplasts Cell wall of cellulose; chloroplasts

presentpresent

Kingdom PlantaeKingdom Plantae

Kingdom AnimaliaKingdom Animalia

EukaryoticEukaryotic MulticellularMulticellular HeterotrophicHeterotrophic No cell walls, no chloroplastsNo cell walls, no chloroplasts

Kingdom AnimaliaKingdom Animalia

Coral snake

Sponge

Flatworm

Octopus

Jellyfish

Bear

Overview of the Six Kingdoms

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