Overview and Emerging Issues & Challenges in the Agriculture Sector CLL Gowda Director, Grain...
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![Page 1: Overview and Emerging Issues & Challenges in the Agriculture Sector CLL Gowda Director, Grain Legumes Program ICRISAT Hyderabad India.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062511/5514a5e9550346b2598b5d3f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Overview and Emerging Issues & Overview and Emerging Issues & Challenges in the Agriculture SectorChallenges in the Agriculture Sector
CLL GowdaDirector, Grain
Legumes ProgramICRISAT
HyderabadIndia
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Global Challenges and Food Global Challenges and Food Security Security
A rising perfect stormA rising perfect storm
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Feeding the worldFeeding the world World’s population set to hit 9 billion by World’s population set to hit 9 billion by
2050 2050 Close to 1 billion in the world today are Close to 1 billion in the world today are
hungryhungry Food production should increase by 70-Food production should increase by 70-
100%100% Agriculture productivity is declining in Agriculture productivity is declining in
many countriesmany countries Decreasing global food stocks in last 5 Decreasing global food stocks in last 5
yearsyears
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Next GR from less endowed/dryland areas Partnerships with purpose: A strong
convergence strategy that brings together civil society, private and public sectors
More investment in agriculture R&D activities
Stronger agricultural institutions Effective extension services, cooperatives Information and communication technology
infrastructure
How to bring aboutHow to bring about a second green revolution a second green revolution
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Untapped potential ofUntapped potential ofrainfed farmingrainfed farming
• Current farmers’ yields are 2 to 5 times lower than yields achievable by soil, water, nutrient & genotype management
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1976 1979 1982 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006 2009
Year
Yie
ld (
t h
a-1)
BW1
BW4C
Rate of growth
82 kg ha-1 y-1
Rate of growth
23 kg ha-1 y-1
Carrying Capacity
21 persons ha-1
Carrying Capacity
4.6 persons ha-1
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Enhance water-use efficiency to provide opportunities for reducing poverty
In-situ water conservation, zero and minimum tillage, mulch farming, structural measures such as micro-irrigation systems
Improve water policy measures, capacity building and knowledge sharing
Improved water-use Improved water-use efficiencyefficiency
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INM can raise yields inINM can raise yields infarmers fieldsfarmers fields
Grain yield gains (%) due to integrated nutrient management compared to farmers’ management in
farmers’ field, Karnataka watersheds, 2008
Crop
No. of farmers’
fields
Mean grain yield (kg ha-1)
Yield gain (%)FM INM
Ragi 1117 1684 2647 57Groundnut
925 946 1420 50
Maize 281 4404 6132 39Soybean 124 1309 1633 25
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Effects of climatic Effects of climatic change change
on agricultureon agriculture Frequent natural
disasters -- flood and extreme weathers
Persistent droughts Hotter temperature Current sea level rise Higher pest and disease
incidence Changes in cropping
patterns
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Climate change impactsClimate change impacts in the SAT in the SAT
• Yield Gap 1 can be mitigated through improved crop and NRM management
• Yield Gap 2 can be mitigated through variety adaptation to climate change
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Shift in chickpea productionShift in chickpea productionarea in Indiaarea in India
Large shift in chickpea area from northern India to Southern India
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Lessons learnt fromLessons learnt fromsuccess storiessuccess stories
Chickpea revolution in Andhra Pradesh
During the past 10 years • 4-fold increase in area• 2.4-fold increase in yield• 9-fold increase in production• Over 80% area under
improved cultivars
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100
200
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400
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600
700
800
900
1000
1999-00
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
Area
(000
ha)/P
rodu
ction
(000
t)
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200
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Yield
(kg/h
a)
Area
Production
Yield
Trends in chickpea area and production
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Our vision… a prosperous, food secure and resilient dryland tropics
Our mission… to reduce poverty, hunger, malnutrition and environmental degradation in the dryland tropics
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To halve poverty To halve hunger To halve childhood
malnutrition To increase the
resilience of tropical dryland farming
AspiratioAspirational nal targetstargets
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The New StrategyThe New StrategyInclusive Market-Oriented Inclusive Market-Oriented
Development (IMODDevelopment (IMOD
Harness markets
Manage risks
Innovate . Grow . Prosper .Innovate . Grow . Prosper .
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Increased Increased Attention Attention
to Resilienceto Resilience
Increase resilience by building livelihood capital:
Human Social Physical Natural Financial
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We can do it!We have competent manpower.Let us put it to use, work together, and compete fiercely in the global arena.Our common goal: a food-secure world and resilient, sustainable and inclusive agricultural growth!
Thank you!