Outline of the Epistle of Paul to the Romans

Part One: The Revelation of the Righteousness of God (1:1–8:39)Introduction 1:1-17

Importance of the bookAugustine read Romans and was savedMartin Luther studied Romans leading to the Protestant reformation “The Just shall live by faith”

Introduction To RomansThe Author – The Apostle Paul

Romans 1:1 Paul, a servant of Jesus Christ, called to be an apostle, separated unto the gospel of God,

The Date of Writing– A.D. 57

Chronological Order of Paul’s Epistles

Place of Writing Corinth

o Phebe was entrusted to carry the letter to Rome Rom. 16:1-2 Cenchrea – Near Corinth

o Gaius – Paul’s host Rom. 16:23 Convert at Corinth – 1 Cor. 1:14

Introduction to RomansLocation – Corinth

Church at RomeWho started the church?

When did it start?

It was a strong church – (Rom. 1:8)It had existed for many years – (Rom. 15:23)Had no major errorsWell organizedJewish and Gentile believers

Large population of believers

Occasion For Writing• Inform church of his intended visit (Rom. 1:10)• Present detailed gospel (Rom. 1:15)• Ease tensions between Jewish and Gentile believers• Correct rumors about his teaching (Rom. 3:8)

Theme

Romans 1:16-1716 For I am not ashamed of the gospel of Christ: for it is the power of God unto salvation to every one that believeth; to the Jew first, and also to the Greek. 17 For therein is the righteousness of God revealed from faith to faith: as it is written, The just shall live by faith.

What is the Gospel?• εὐαγγέλιον (euaggélion) –Good News

– Good News of God’s salvation for mankind– Death, Burial, Resurrection, and appearing of Jesus Christ

• 1 Corinthians 15:1-8• Paul’s Gospel given by revelation of Jesus

– Gal 1:12

Paul’s description of the gospel

Paul’s relationship to the gospel

To the Jew First• The Jews were God’s Chosen People (11:1)

• The custodians of God’s revelation (3:2)• The people through whom Christ came (9:5)• In Paul’s ministry he sought out the Jews first in every new city (Acts

13:5, 14; 14:1; 17:2, 10, 17; 18:4, 19; 19:8)

The Gospel• Paul’s life demonstrated he was not ashamed

– Imprisoned in Philippi (Acts 16:23, 24)– Chased out of Thessalonica (Acts 17:10)– Smuggled out of Berea (Acts 17:14)– Laughed at in Athens (Acts 17:32)– Regarded as a fool in Corinth (1 Cor. 1:18, 23)– Stoned in Galatia (Acts 14:19)

The Gospel• The Source of the Gospel – God• The Nature of the Gospel – Power• The Purpose of the Gospel – Salvation• The Scope of the Gospel – To everyone• The reception of the Gospel – Believe• The outcome of the Gospel – Live by faith

Romans Chapter One

Condemnation: The Need for God’s Righteousness 1:18-3:20

What does righteousness mean?– Webster

• acting in accord with divine or moral law : free from guilt or sin

• Right standing and right behavior within a community

• Doing what is right

Righteousness of God– Needed by man

– Graciously given by God– Provides a standard for living to please God

The Revelation of God’s Righteousness– Righteousness of God v. 17

• Righteousness that God provides for people on the basis of and in response to faith in the gospel (Rom. 3:22; Phil. 3:9)

– Righteousness is totally unachievable by human efforts– God is righteous.– God demands righteousness.– Man is unrighteous.– God provides righteousness.

Faith to Faith

Just• Just (δίκαιος díkaios) • Same word translated “Right” or “Righteous”• One who conforms his or her life to the standards of God.

In response to faith, righteousness is:

“Religions are man’s search for God; the Gospel is God’s search for man. There are many religions, but one Gospel.”E. Stanley Jones

• Man’s need for God’s Righteousness• Wrath - ὀργή – wrath or anger• An expression of God’s own righteousness and holiness reacting

against man’s sinfulness, or anything opposed to his moral character.• God never condemns without just cause.

The Need for God’s righteousness• In order to establish the need for God’s righteousness, man’s sin is

given as evidence.

– The justice of God must punish sin. – The grace of God finds a way to save people from His

punishment.• Revelation of God’s wrath • Ungodliness

• unrighteousness

Reason for God’s wrathThe greater picture Paul paints of man depraved and sinful

condition the greater picture he paints of the power of God to save mankind from their sins. More sin found in man, the more the powerful nature of God’s grace is displayed.

• Reasons for condemnation (1:18-23)

For suppressing God’s truth (1:18)• Hold – κατέχω - hold down, quash, suppress• People had God’s truth but suppressed it, refusing to heed it.

– Romans 1:25– Romans 2:8

• Refuse to acknowledge God

For ignoring God’s revelation (1:19-20)• Knowledge of God is manifest in creation

– eternal power – Godhead

• Knowledge of God is manifest in conscience– Rom. 2:14-15

God’s revelation• General

• Special

For perverting God’s glory (1:21-23)• Darkness

– Instead of wisdom foolishness• Σοφός – (philosophy – Love of wisdom) Wise• Μωραίνω – (Moron) Foolish

– Emptiness – vanity (Ecclesiastes)– Instead of worship of creator they worshiped the

creation (Idolatry) v25

Results of condemnation (1:24-32)• Abandoned to fornication (1:24-25)• Abandoned to sexual perversion (1:26-27)• Abandoned to depraved lifestyle (1:28-32)

God gave them up• Repeated phrase (vv. 24, 26, 28)• παραδίδωμι - To deliver over or up to the power of someone.

– 1 Corinthians 5:5 To deliver such an one unto Satan for the destruction of the flesh, that the spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord Jesus.

– 1 Timothy 1:20 Of whom is Hymenaeus and Alexander; whom I have delivered unto Satan, that they may learn not to blaspheme.

Abandoned to fornication (1:24-25)• Uncleanness

– Lusts of hearts• Dishonor

– Their own bodies– Moral disintegration in society is the consequence of

rejecting God.• People are creatures of God and can find true fulfillment only

in worshiping and obediently serving God the Creator.

Abandoned to sexual perversion (1:26-27)• Vile - Dishonor, disgrace• Affections - Passion, lust• Sexual perversion – using our bodies in ways contrary to God’s

intent

Abandoned to depraved lifestyle (1:28-32)• They put God out of their minds.

– When God is rejected man’s mind is filled with evil.• They failed to honor God which resulted in failure to honor one

another.• The result was havoc.

Specific types of wickedness

• Romans 6:23 For the wages of sin is death; but the gift of God is eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.

Guilt of the Gentile 1:18-32Part One: The Revelation of the Righteousness of God (1:1–8:39)

• Condemnation:

– Romans 3:23 For all have sinned, and come short of the glory of God;

• The Guilt of the JewsRomans 2:1-3:8

Divine Judgment• Key word in 2:1-16 is Judge – Κρίνω

– To separate, distinguish, discriminate between good and evil, select, choose out the good.

– Used 10 times in these versesJudgment contrasted

• Man’s judgment – Self righteousness– Judgment based on actions of others

• God’s judgment– God’s righteousness – Judgment based on:

• Truth – 2:2-4• Impartiality – 2:5-16

• Man’s Judgments v. 1• Man judges those around himself but fails to judge himself.• Man’s standard of judgment is based on the behavior of others.

– If your standard is faulty then your judgment will be wrong.

• Man is blind to his own wrongs.• God’s Judgment is based on Truth

(v.2-4)

God’s Word is truth, the true standard of measure of right and wrong.

• John 17:17, Romans 2:16• There is an objective standard of conduct.• Confusion with the patience of God

(v. 4)• Lack of consequences does not indicate lack of guilt. (Ecc.

8:11)• God desire all to repent and turn back to Him. (2 Peter 3:9)

The Patience of God (v. 4):

God’s Nature:

God’s Judgment is based on Impartiality (v.5-16)• God judgment is based on man’s Deeds v6

– Believers, who keep on seeking to do good, will inherit eternal life.

– Those who do not obey the truth will inherit the wrath of God.

– Romans 2:11 For there is no respect of persons with God.

Obtaining Eternal Life• Romans 2:6 Who will render to every man according to his

deeds: • Paul is NOT saying one can be saved through good works! • A person’s habitual conduct, whether good or evil, reveals the

condition of his heart. • Salvation is only by grace through faith.

– Rom. 6:23; 10:9-10; 11:6; Eph. 2:8-9; Titus 3:5

Day of Wrath• Certainty of Judgment• There is coming a day of judgment. (v. 5)

– Great White throne – Rev 20: 11-15– God’s Judgment is based on Impartiality (v. 12)

Guilt of the Jew 2:1-3:8

Jews• With the law• Gentiles• Without the law• (written in their hearts)• Not the hearers but the doers will be justified.

Condemnation against unfaithful Jews (2:17-3:8)• Because of their hypocrisy (2:17-24)• Because of their trust in rites (2:25-29)• Because of their unbelief (3:1-8)

their hypocrisy (2:17-24)• Condemnation against unfaithful Jews (2:17-3:8)• Jewish Privileges v17-18• Called a Jew – chosen people of God• Restest in the law – Special revelation given by God• Makest thy boast of God –Glory in their covenantal

relationship with God• Knowest his will – Future blessing for Israel• Approvest the things that are more excellent• Instructed out of the law

Jewish Relationship to Gentiles:

Jewish Condemnations:• Teachest thou not thyself?• Dost thou steal?• Dost thou commit adultery? • Dost thou commit sacrilege?

– Take to one’s own private use what is consecrated to God

• Through breaking the law dishonourest thou God? – do we understand what sin really is?

Result of Jewish behavior v24

Condemnation against unfaithful Jews (2:17-3:8)

What was the purpose of Circumcision?• Sign of God’s covenant with Israel

– Genesis 17:11 And ye shall circumcise the flesh of your foreskin; and it shall be a token of the covenant betwixt me and you.

Circumcision became Uncircumcision • Obedience must follow the sign

– Romans 2:25 For circumcision verily profiteth, if thou keep the law: but if thou be a breaker of the law, thy circumcision is made uncircumcision.

– Circumcision is useless without personal righteousness• Even though a Jewish man was circumcised, through his

disobedience, he was considered as if he was uncircumcised in God’s eyes.

Condemnation because of their unbelief (3:1-8)• Objection #1 v1

– What advantage then hath the Jew? (2:17-29)– or – what profit is there of circumcision? (2:25-29)

• Answer– Oracles - means the declarations or Word of God– God gave them promises and commands in his Word to

them. • Condemnation because of their unbelief (3:1-8)• Objection #2 v3

– Because of the Jews unbelief, does this demonstrate that God is unfaithful to his Word?

– Answer– God forbid - μὴ γένοιτο – “Let it never be”– Though some Jews did not believe, evidenced by their

sinful conduct (2:21-23, 25), God remains faithful to His Word.

– (Deut. 7:9; 1 Cor. 1:9; Heb. 10:23; 11:11; 1 Peter 4:19)• Condemnation because of their unbelief (3:1-8)• Objection #3 v5

– If the unrighteousness of the Jews causes the God’s Righteousness to shine brighter, why does God judge me?

• Answer

– God forbid - μὴ γένοιτο – “Let it never be”– If God cannot Judge the Jew he cannot judge the

world.• Condemnation because of their unbelief (3:1-8)• Objection #4 v7

– If God’s truthfulness is shown more through my lie, How can the Jew be judged when it brings about good?

– The end justifies the means.– Let us do evil that good may come!

• Answer– God forbid - μὴ γένοιτο – “Let it never be”– Man tries to justify his own sinful behaviors– Part One: The Revelation of the Righteousness of God

(1:1–8:39)• Condemnation:

– The Need for God’s Righteousness 1:18-3:20• Guilt of the Gentile 1:18-32• Guilt of the Jews 2:1-3:8

Conclusion: All Are Guilty before God 3:9-10

Universal Condemnation• Gentiles (pagan)• Ungodliness – Sins against God (1:21-23)• Unrighteousness – Sins against man – (1:24-32)• Jews (religious)• Ungodliness – Sins against God (2:23)• Unrighteousness – Sins against man – (2:22)

The Universal charge against Jew and Gentile

• Romans 3:9 What then? are we better than they? No, in no wise: for we have before proved both Jews and Gentiles, that they are all under sin;

All Under Sin• No one is righteous

– Rom 3:10-12 - Ps. 14:1-3 • Not righteous in their words – Deadly effects of words

– Rom 3:13a – Ps. 5:9 – Rom 3:13b – Ps. 140:3 – Rom 3:14 – Ps. 10:7

• Not righteous in their conduct – Violent actions result– Rom 3:15 –17 – Isa. 59:7-8

• Not righteous in sight – Failure to fear and reverence God is the root of all sin.– Rom 3:18 - Ps. 36:1

Conclusion to the Argument (3:19-20):

Two false teachings eliminated• Romans 3:22 Even the righteousness of God which is by faith

of Jesus Christ unto all and upon all them that believe: for there is no difference:

• Limited Atonement – “unto all”– Not just the elect are saved

• Universalism – “upon all that believe”– Only those who believe will be saved.

Justification: God’s Righteousness 3:21–5:21

Description of Righteousness 3:12-31

Justification v. 24• Key to understanding this section is to understand Justification.

– What does righteousness mean?

– What does justification mean?

Justification• Just as if I had never sinned • The righteousness of God is imputed to me

– As righteous as God is, that righteousness is now mine in Christ by faith in the finished work of Christ on the cross.

– Philippians 3:9 And be found in him, not having mine own righteousness, which is of the law, but that which is through the faith of Christ, the righteousness which is of God by faith:

Old Testament Witnesses• Law

• Prophets

– (Isa. 53; Lk. 24:25-27; Jn. 5:46; 1 Pet. 1:10, 11).

Definitions• Justification

• Grace (Used 24x in Romans)

• Redemption

• Propitiation (Translated mercyseat in Heb. 9:5)

• Remission

Means of Justification• 3:22 – Which is by faith of Jesus Christ• 3:25 – Through faith in His blood• 3:26 – which believeth in Jesus• 3:27 – Law of faith• 3:28 – Justified by faith without the deeds of the law• 3:30 – justify circumcision and uncircumcision by faith

Just and the Justifier• Just (δίκαιος díkaios) - “Right” or “Righteous”

– One who conforms his or her life to the standards of God.

– God is Just, He does what is right (Rewards good and punishes evil)

• Justifier – One who declares righteous

• Only through Jesus death, paying our sin debt, could God be both Just and the Justifier

Law (works) vs. Faith• Romans 3:20 Therefore by the deeds of the law there shall no

flesh be justified in his sight: for by the law is the knowledge of sin.

• Obedience to the Law does not bring justification.• The Law brings the knowledge of sin. • Romans 3:28 Therefore we conclude that a man is justified by

faith without the deeds of the law. • Man is justified by faith not by the law

Justification• God’s provision of righteousness in Christ 3:21-5:21

– Description of Righteousness 3:12-31– Illustration of Righteousness 4:1-25

Illustration of Righteousness 4:1-25

Two Witnesses• How was Abraham saved?• Two Choices

– By keeping the Law• He would receive glory

– Through Faith• God would receive the glory (Rom. 3:27 – “no

boasting”)• One answer

– By faith (Genesis 15:6, Galatians 3:6)– Romans 4:3 - Abraham believed God

To Count or To Reckon • To add something to someone's account

– accounting term• Adam's sin is imputed to us.

– (Rom. 3:23, 5:12; 1 Cor. 15:22) • Our sins are imputed onto Christ.

– (Isa. 53:5; Heb. 2:9; 2 Cor. 5:14) • Christ’s righteousness reckoned to us.

– (Phil. 3:9; 2 Cor. 5:21)

Example of David (4:6-8)• What great sins did David commit?

– Adultery– Murder

• Was David justified by keeping the Law?– No, he was a law breaker.

• How was David Justified?– By the imputation of “righteousness without works”– By faith

Justification apart from Circumcision• When was Abraham saved?

– Genesis 15:6 And he believed in the LORD; and he counted it to him for righteousness. • At this point Abraham was around 85 years old

and childless.– Genesis 17:24 And Abraham was ninety years old and

nine, when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin.• In this passage Abraham is 99

Abraham’s Faith• He was not weak in faith despite insuperable odds (v. 19)• He staggered not at the promise of God through unbelief (v.

20a)• He was strong in faith (v. 20b)• He was fully persuaded God has the ability to do what He had

said (v. 21)

Benefits of Righteousness 5:1-11

• Benefits of Righteousness• Present:

– Peace with God (5:1-5)• Past:

– Powerlessness of Sinners (5:6-8)• Future:

– Escape from God’s Wrath (5:9-11)

Present: Results of Justification:

Past: God’s Love for us as sinners:

Future: Escape from God’s Wrath

Definition• Reconciled (Romans 5:10)

– The removal of enmity that stands between people and God. (Col. 1:21).

– The basis of restored fellowship between people and God (2 Cor. 5:20-21).

• Redemption – Pertains to sin [Release] – (3:24; 1 Cor. 1:30; Gal. 3:13; Eph. 1:7);

• Propitiation – Pertains to God [Satisfied] – (Rom. 3:25; 1 John 2:2; 4:10);

• Reconciliation – Pertains to Believers [Restoration] – (Rom. 5:10-11; 2 Cor. 5:18-20; Col. 1:22)– Totally the work of God, accomplished through the

death of Jesus Christ unto Believers. – We were Reconciled

Contrast of Righteousness and Condemnation 5:12-21

Contrast of Righteousness and Condemnation 5:12-21• Result of Adam’s sin• Romans 5:12 …by one man sin entered into the world…• One Man

– Adam, the first man• Sin - ἁμαρτία hamartía

– An offense in relation to God (Gen 3:6)– To miss the mark

• Entered - εἰσέρχομαι eisérchomai– Entered into– The world was perfect before this time

Result of Adam’s sin:

Race in the sin of Adam• Federal Headship of Adam

– Representative– Adam’s act of sin was considered by God to be the act

of all people and his penalty of death was judicially made the penalty of everybody.

• Natural or Seminal Headship of Adam – Physically in Adam– The entire human race was seminally and physically in

Adam, the first man. As a result God considered all people as participating in the act of sin which Adam committed and as receiving the penalty he received.

To put it another way• Why do people need salvation (1:18—3:20)

– Ungodliness, unrighteousness• How we can receive it (3:21—5:21)

– Justification by faith (Positional Sanctification)• What we can do about the power of in in our lives. (6-8)

– Progressive Sanctification

Sanctification: The Demonstration of God’s Righteousness 6:1-8:39

Sanctification and Sin 6:1-23

Sanctification and Sin 6:1-23• Justification is the act of God whereby a sinner is declared to

be righteous positionally before God.– the guilt or the penalty of sin is removed, not the power

of sin in this life.• Sanctification is that process that begins in us at the moment

of justification whereby we work, with God’s help, to become more and more like Christ, striving to remove the power of sin from our lives.

Sanctification• Become in experience what you already are by God’s grace.• Charles Ryrie

A comparison• Justification • is an act of God alone• is the means• removes the guilt and penalty of sin• works for us• declares us righteous• furnishes the track which leads to

heaven• positional

• Sanctification• is a work of both God and me• is the end• removes the growth and power of sin• works in us• makes us righteous.• furnishes the train.• practical

Sanctification and Sin 6:1-23• Question 1• Romans 6:1 What shall we say then? Shall we continue in sin,

that grace may abound?• Romans 5:20 Moreover the law entered, that the offence might

abound. But where sin abounded, grace did much more abound:

• Answer• No

– God Forbid - μη γενοιτο – “May it never be”• Reason

– The believer is “Dead to sin” (6:11)– The believer is “freed from sin” (6:7)– The believer should not live a lifestyle of sin

• 1 John 1:6

What does it mean to be dead to sin?• Separation from sin’s power, not the extinction of sin.

– Being dead to sin means being “set free from sin”– Sin no longer has dominion over us. Rom 6:14– No longer a debtor to sin

• We have victory over sin through Jesus Christ– Dead to sin

Illustrated by Baptism vs. 3-4– Two kinds of Baptism

• Spirit Baptism – 1 Corinthians 12:13, Galatians 3:27 – Identifies us with Christ– baptized (placed) into Christ

• Water Baptism- Acts 2:41– Pictures our identification with Christ

Dead to sin• Illustrated by Baptism vs. 3-4

– Baptism identifies us with Christ• Death to the old sinful life Col 2:6-12• Resurrection to the new life

• Illustrated by Crucifixion• Put off the old man – “is crucified” - finished

– Death hath no more dominion over him. v. 9– Died unto sin once v. 10

• Put on the new man – “not serve sin”– Freed from sin

Alive unto Christ• Rather, walk in the newness of life v. 4• Alive unto God v. 11

– Three Commands• Let not sin reign v. 12• Do not yield you members v. 13a• Yield yourselves unto God v. 13b

Progressive Sanctification• Romans 6:11 Likewise reckon ye also yourselves to be dead

indeed unto sin, but alive unto God through Jesus Christ our Lord.

Since God has united us with Christ we should "consider," "count," or "reckon" ourselves as those who are not under the dominating influence of sin any longer.

The Christian’s Enemies• Problem• The World (1 John 2:15-17)

– List of the flesh– Lust of the eyes– Pride of life

• The Flesh– Rom 7:18-24

• The Devil– 1 Peter 5:8

• Solution• Flee

– 1 Timothy 6:11– 2 Tim 2:22– Deny– Romans 6:12-13– Romans 8:13

• Resist– 1 Peter 5:9

Victory over sin• Knowing – v. 6

– The old man is dead. We have victory over sin.• Reckoning – v. 11

– To know something is true and then, living daily in light of that truth.• Yielding – v. 13

– To present or place at disposal. – Don’t be used of the Devil, but be used of God to do his righteous deeds.

Sanctification and Sin 6:1-23• Question 2• Romans 6:15 What then? shall we sin, because we are not

under the law, but under grace? God forbid. • Answer• No

– God Forbid - μη γενοιτο – “May it never be”• Reason

– We are no longer servants of sin, it is not our master• Sin leads to death

– We are servants of God• Righteousness

Who do you obey? (Rom 6:16-23)• Disobedience (sin)• Slaves to sin• Old Way (Before Christ)• No Fruit• Ashamed• Servants of Satan• Everlasting Death• Obedience (Holiness)• Slaves to righteousness• New Way (With Christ)• Fruit to holiness• Servants of God• Everlasting Life

Our relationship to sin• We are dead to sin

– Sin has no power over us v. 2 – We are now alive to God v. 10.– We need to live as those who are dead to sin v. 12

• We are no longer servants of sin– Christ has set us free from our former bondage to sin v.

17– Servants of righteousness v. 18, God v. 22– We need to bear fruit toward righteousness

Sanctification and the Law 7:1-25

Sanctification and the Law 7:1-25• The purpose of the Law• The Law condemns the sinner (3:19)• The law give a knowledge of sin (3:20)• The Law defines sin as transgression (4:15; 5:13; 5:20 cf. Gal.

3:19)• The Law brings wrath (4:15)

Freedom from the Law (7:1-6)• Death brings release from all contractual obligations. • Through Christ the believer is freed from the law (dead) to

serve in the newness of the spirit.• This change results in bringing forth fruit unto God rather than

bringing forth fruits unto death.• We have been released from the obligation of the Law to serve

God out of love.– Under the law, we kept the commandments as a

obligation.– Under grace we keep the commandments out of a heart

of gratitude for God.• Romans 7:6

Sin and the Law• Romans 6

(freedom from sin) • We died to sin (6:2)• We have been freed from sin (6:7, 18)• We have also shared in Christ’s resurrection (6:4–5)• We now live in newness of life (6:4)• We bear fruit which leads to holiness (6:22), • Romans 7

(freedom from the law)• We died to the law (7:4). • We have been released from the law (7:6). • We belong to him who was raised from the dead (7:4)• We now serve in newness of Spirit (7:6). • We bear fruit to God (7:4).

• Question 3• Romans 7:7 What shall we say then? Is the law sin? God

forbid. Nay, I had not known sin, but by the law: for I had not known lust, except the law had said, Thou shalt not covet.

• Answer–

God Forbid - μη γενοιτο – “May it never be”• Reason

– The Law identifies sin in my life.– The Law is holy, just, and good (v. 12)

Question 4

• Romans 7:13a Was then that which is good made death unto me?

• Answer–

God Forbid - μη γενοιτο – “May it never be”• Reason

– sin by the commandment might become exceeding sinful.

– Law showed me God’s Holy standard and my need of salvation.

Saved or unsaved? (7:14-24)• We know that the law is spiritual (vs. 14)• I know that in me (that is, in my flesh,) dwelleth no good thing

(vs. 18)• I find then a law, that, when I would do good, evil is present.

(vs. 21)• There is a constant struggle with sin• It would be as strange for unregenerate people to want eagerly

to do what is good as for regenerate people to confess that they cannot do it (15–19).

• How can a regenerate person, who has been set free from sin (6:18, 22; 8:2), describe himself as still its slave and prisoner (7:14, 23–25)?

• And how can an unregenerate person, who is hostile to God’s law (8:7), declare that he delights in it (7:22)?

Summary• Why does the sinner need to be saved?

–

• How is the sinner saved?–

• What happens after the sinner gets saved?–

Sanctification and the Spirit 8:1-39

Sanctification and the Spirit 8:1-39

Eight Certainties (Romans 8)• The Believer Has A New

– Position (8:1–4)– Guest (8:5–11)– Responsibility (8:12-13)– Family (8:14–17)

– Expectation (8:18–25)– Prayer Helper (8:26, 27)– Knowledge (8:28)– Assurance (8:29–39)

New Position (8:1–4)• No Condemnation

– God will never condemn a believer to an eternity separate from Himself due to our sins.

• The reason – The believer is in Christ Jesus. – The Savior has suffered the consequences of our sins as

our substitute. – He has paid the price of death for our sins.– In Christ (united with Him Rom. 6:3)

New Guest (8:5–11)• The ministry of the indwelling Holy Spirit of God is the source

of divine power for sanctification and the secret for spiritual victory in daily living.

• The Spirit of God dwell in believers– New way of thinking (vs. 5-8)

• New Creature - 2 Corinthians 5:17• Crucified with Christ - Galatians 2:20• Filled with the Spirit – Ephesians 5:18

• Definitions• Flesh/ Carnally minded

– sin dominated life• Spirit/ Spiritually minded

– Spirit controlled life

Conflict between the Natures• Flesh – Carnal minded • Do the things of the flesh• Death (Physical/Spiritual)

– Enmity against God– Not subject to the Law

• Cannot please God• Does not have the Spirit of God

• Does not belong to God• Spirit minded • Do the things of the Spirit• Life and peace

– Can please God• Spirit of God dwells in them• Belongs to God

• The Spirit of God dwell in believers– New way of thinking (vs. 5-8)

• New Creature - 2 Corinthians 5:17 – Evidence of salvation (vs. 9)

• Earnest of our inheritance - Ephesians 1:13-14• Romans 8:16, 1 John 4:13

– New Life (vs. 10-11)• New fruit – Galatians 5:19-21• New Walk - Galatians 5:25

– If we live in the Spirit, let us also walk in the Spirit. • Galatians 5:19-21 • Adultery• Fornication• Uncleanness• Lasciviousness• Idolatry• Witchcraft• Hatred• Variance• Emulations

• Wrath• Strife• Seditions• Heresies• Envyings• Murders• drunkenness • Revellings

• Galatians 5:22-23 • Love• Joy• Peace• Longsuffering• Gentleness• Goodness• Faith• Meekness• Temperance

New Responsibility (8:12-13)• Mortify the deeds of the body

– Romans 8:13 For if ye live after the flesh, ye shall die: but if ye through the Spirit do mortify the deeds of the body, ye shall live.

Mortify – put to death, Subdue evil desires

– Galatians 5:16 This I say then, Walk in the Spirit, and ye shall not fulfill the lust of the flesh.

• We must strive together with the Holy Spirit to defeat the evil desires of the flesh.

Relationship to the Spirit• V. 1 Walk after the Spirit• V. 9 Ye are in the Spirit• V. 9 Spirit of God dwells in you• V. 14 Led by the Spirit of God• Allow the in dwelling Holy Spirit to lead and guide you through life.

New Family (8:14–17)• Adopted sons of God (v. 23)

– Enjoy an intimate relationship with God• Abba – “daddy”

– Recipients of all spiritual blessings and the riches of the kingdom of God

• Heirs of God, Joint-heirs with Christ– Identification of Christ’s sufferings

• John 15:20• 2 Timothy 3:12

NT Adoption• In a Roman legal ceremony concerning adoption:

– All former rights in the old family were lost and all rights in the new family were immediately granted.

– The law recognized the adopted son as a blood-son. – An adopted son could not be disinherited, but became joint heirs with

the other blood-children.

New Expectation (8:18–25)• Our future glory will outweigh our earthly sufferings.

• All creation also awaits the return of Christ• This expectation provides hope through the challenges of life.

New Prayer Helper (8:26, 27)• Spirit also helpeth our infirmities

– The Holy Spirit intercedes for us.• Intercession – praying on behalf of someone

– Groans – expressing feelings without words– According to the will of God.

New Knowledge (8:28)• All things work together for good.

– To them that love God– To them that are called according to his purpose.

New Assurance (8:29–39)• God is for us v. 31

– Predestined to be conformed to the image of his son. (v. 29-30)– Provided salvation through Christ’s death on the cross. (v. 32)– Justified us. (v. 33)– Jesus atoned for our sins. (v. 34)– Jesus intercedes for us. (v. 34)– Nothing shall separate us from the love of God.

What about Israel?

Part Two: The Vindication of the Righteousness of God (9:1–11:36)

Israel’s Past: The Election of God 9:1-29

Paul’s Sorrow 9:1-5

God’s Sovereignty 9:6-29

Israel’s Present: The Rejection of God 9:30-10:21

Israel Seeks Righteousness by Works 9:30-33

Israel Rejects Christ 10:1-15

Israel Rejects the Prophets 10:16-21

Israel’s Future: The Restoration by God 11:1-36

Israel’s Rejection Is Not Total 11:1-10

Israel’s Rejection Is Not Final 11:11-32

Israel’s Restoration: The Occasion for Glorifying God 11:33-36

Part Three: The Application of the Righteousness of God (12:1–16:27)

Righteousness of God Demonstrated in Christian Duties 12:1-13:14

Responsibilities Toward God 12:1-2

Responsibilities Toward Society 12:3-21

Responsibilities Toward Government 3:1-7

Responsibilities Toward Neighbors 3:8-14

Righteousness of God Demonstrated in Christian Liberties 14:1-15:13

Principles of Christian Liberty 14:1-23

Practices of Christian Liberty 15:1-13

Conclusion 15:14-16:27

Paul’s Purposes for Writing 15:14-21

Paul’s Plans for Traveling 15:22-33

Paul’s Praise and Greetings 16:1-27