Other Major World Religions
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Transcript of Other Major World Religions
Other Major World ReligionsOther Major World Religions
IslamIslam
Founder: Founder: Muhammad (an Arabic Muhammad (an Arabic caravan trader)caravan trader)
Date of origin: Date of origin: 600’s ACE600’s ACE Followers called Muslims (means Followers called Muslims (means
submissive to God)submissive to God)
Major BeliefsMajor Beliefs
One God (Allah): Muhammad is his One God (Allah): Muhammad is his prophetprophet
Qur'an is the where the revelation of Qur'an is the where the revelation of Allah is found Allah is found
Ishmael was the choosen son of Ishmael was the choosen son of AbrahamAbraham
Moses and Jesus regognized as great Moses and Jesus regognized as great prophets prophets
Major BeliefsMajor Beliefs
Spread your religion anyway possible Spread your religion anyway possible (jihad) (jihad)
Sacrifice for your religion gets reward Sacrifice for your religion gets reward in heaven ( 72 virgins)in heaven ( 72 virgins)
Places of worship are called mosques Places of worship are called mosques (must remove shoes before entering)(must remove shoes before entering)
Sacred cites: Sacred cites: Mecca, Medina, and Mecca, Medina, and Jerusalem Jerusalem
Five Major Pillars of IslamFive Major Pillars of Islam
Five things all Muslims Five things all Muslims must do to be true must do to be true followers of Allahfollowers of Allah
Profession of faith: Profession of faith: Believe that Allah is Believe that Allah is only God and only God and Muhammad is his Muhammad is his prophetprophet
Pray five times a day Pray five times a day facing Mecca: facing Mecca: Pray at Pray at dawn, noon, afternoon, dawn, noon, afternoon, sunset, nightsunset, night
Five Major Pillars of IslamFive Major Pillars of Islam
Give alms to the poor: Give alms to the poor: Includes Includes food, clothes, or moneyfood, clothes, or money
Fast during the holy month of Fast during the holy month of Ramadan: Ramadan: No food or drink from No food or drink from sunrise to sunset, happens in sunrise to sunset, happens in December December
Five Major Pillars of IslamFive Major Pillars of Islam
The Hajj: The Hajj: Must Must make one trip to make one trip to the Kaaba (black the Kaaba (black stone) at Mecca if stone) at Mecca if physically and physically and financially capable financially capable during your life during your life (happens during (happens during the month of Dhu the month of Dhu al-Hijjah) al-Hijjah)
Two Branches of IslamTwo Branches of Islam
Sunni (90% of all Muslims): Sunni (90% of all Muslims): Anyone can take Muhammad’s place Anyone can take Muhammad’s place as leaderas leader
Shi'a (10% of all Muslims):Shi'a (10% of all Muslims): Only a Only a descendant of Muhammand can be descendant of Muhammand can be the leaderthe leader
HinduismHinduism
Founders: Founders: Indo-Aryan Indo-Aryan nomads (invaded India nomads (invaded India in the 2000’s BCE)in the 2000’s BCE)
Date of origin: Date of origin: 1700’s BCE date of 1700’s BCE date of first written records first written records (The Upanishads) (The Upanishads) started as oral started as oral traditions before this traditions before this date (Vedas)date (Vedas)
Major BeliefsMajor Beliefs
Polytheism and Monotheism Polytheism and Monotheism (( Gods and everything else is Gods and everything else is part of a larger living being)part of a larger living being)
Main gods are Vishnu and Shiva, but the gods have many Main gods are Vishnu and Shiva, but the gods have many different personalitiesdifferent personalities
People or towns pick the god they will worship People or towns pick the god they will worship Karma and Reincarnation (reason they worship cows)Karma and Reincarnation (reason they worship cows)
Caste SystemCaste System
1.1. Priests (Brahmins)Priests (Brahmins)
2.2. KingsKings
3.3. SoldiersSoldiers
4.4. PeasantsPeasants
5.5. UntouchablesUntouchables
BuddhismBuddhism
Founder: Founder: Siddhartha Siddhartha Gautama (The Gautama (The Buddha) Buddha)
Date of origin: Date of origin: 500’s 500’s BCE BCE
Major beliefsMajor beliefs Same as Hinduism Same as Hinduism
except no Caste except no Caste System and the idea is System and the idea is to end the cycle of to end the cycle of reincarnationreincarnation
Four Noble TruthsFour Noble Truths
1.1. There is sufferingThere is suffering
2.2. The cause of suffering is desireThe cause of suffering is desire
3.3. The way to stop suffering is to The way to stop suffering is to reach nirvana reach nirvana
4.4. Follow the eight-fold path to Follow the eight-fold path to reach nirvanareach nirvana
Eight-Fold PathEight-Fold Path
1.1. Right Speech— Right Speech— One speaks in a non One speaks in a non hurtful, not exaggerated, truthful wayhurtful, not exaggerated, truthful way
2.2. Right Actions— Right Actions— Wholesome action, Wholesome action, avoiding action that would do harmavoiding action that would do harm
3.3. Right Livelihood— Right Livelihood— One's way of One's way of livelihood does not harm in any way livelihood does not harm in any way oneself or others; directly or indirectlyoneself or others; directly or indirectly
4.4. Right Effort/Exercise— Right Effort/Exercise— One makes an One makes an effort to improve effort to improve
Eight-Fold PathEight-Fold Path
5.5. Right Mindfulness/Awareness— Right Mindfulness/Awareness— Mental ability to see things for what they Mental ability to see things for what they are with clear consciousness (meditation)are with clear consciousness (meditation)
6.6. Right Concentration/Meditation— Right Concentration/Meditation— Being aware of the present reality within Being aware of the present reality within oneself, without any craving or aversiononeself, without any craving or aversion
7.7. Right Understanding— Right Understanding— Understanding Understanding reality as it is, not just as it appears to bereality as it is, not just as it appears to be
8.8. Right Thoughts— Right Thoughts— Change in the Change in the pattern of thinkingpattern of thinking
Notes QuizNotes Quiz
1.1. Who was the founder of Islam?Who was the founder of Islam?2.2. What is the What is the Qur'an?Qur'an?3.3. What does jihad mean?What does jihad mean?4.4. Name the sacred cites of Isalm?Name the sacred cites of Isalm?5.5. What are the five pillars of Islam?What are the five pillars of Islam?6.6. What area of the world is associated with What area of the world is associated with
Hinduism?Hinduism?7.7. Who are the main gods of Hinduism?Who are the main gods of Hinduism?8.8. Name the parts of the caste system from top to Name the parts of the caste system from top to
bottom?bottom?9.9. Who was the Buddah?Who was the Buddah?10.10. Name the Name the Four Noble Truths.Four Noble Truths.