OT Cyber Security Test

TEST ENGINEERING

Simone Riccetti

Senior Managing Consultant

2 IBM Security

Agenda

• Who are X-Force Red?

• Critical Infrastructure security

• Security Testing for OT

• Conclusions

3 IBM Security

Who are X-Force Red ?

§ IBM X-Force Red is an elite, global team of over 100 consultants providing security testing services to organizations of all sizes

§ X-Force Red can perform expert testing of ANY technology everything from Oil&Gas, Nuclear Power Stations to embedded Electronic components as well as usual Network, System, Web Application and Mobile Testing

§ Consultants in IBM X-Force Red are widely considered industry leaders, having spoken at high-profile events like RSA, Black Hat, DEF CON, and other international conferences.

§ Easy mode of working from one off engagements to a subscription model.

4 IBM Security

Every OT environment has its specific security requirements

https://en.wikipedia.org

• Il tipo di architettura influenza gli scenari di attacco e in generale la sicurezza dei sistemi OT

• E’ fondamentale comprendere il funzionamento e le modalita’ operative dell’impianto

5 IBM Security

Hacktivists & Cyber Warfare in the Middle East

Organized Hacktivists

Shamoon 2.0

6 IBM Security IBM CONFIDENTIAL

OT Security analysis strategy

Sistemi “fragili” in produzione

Sistemi proprietari

Architetture e modelli operativi complessi

Le modifiche o aggiornamenti spesso non sono consentiti

Challenges

OT testing strategy

OT Testing skills

Threat modeling

Collaborazione con i Vendor

Approach

7 IBM Security

OT security analysis methodology

Targets

Attack Scenarios(hypothesis)

Attack surface analysis

Test CasesEngineering

Active Test Cases

Passive Test Cases

Systems and networks

constraints

Results processing

Possible attack scenarios

Remediation

Obiettivi

Ø Identificare gli scenari di attacco rilevanti

Ø Verifiare gli scenari di attacco possibili

Ø Verificare il livello di “Security Visibility”

Ø Selezionare le contromisure adatte

Metodologia

Ø Threat Modeling/Attack Scenarios driven

Ø OT Test strategy/Test Cases Engineering

Ø Vulnerabilita’ – Scenari di attacco mapping

8 IBM Security

Common OT Analysis Findings

• No or limited inventory

• Vulnerable to Ransomware attacks type

• Weak protocols leave systems vulnerable

• Wireless devices left by techs who want to sit in the truck.

• OT networks lack overall segmentation

• Most IP-based communications along the pipeline are not encrypted

• Emergency response not adequate

• Limited control over the vendors security configurations

• Lack of cyber security awareness

• Most IP-based communications along the pipeline are not encrypted

• No logging on OT systems, even if available

• No accountability on systems access

• OT systems left default and not hardened

• No security monitoring in OT

• Weak security policies on Plant IT equipment.

• Inadequate physical security (distribution networks)

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