Organs Immune System 1
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Transcript of Organs Immune System 1
THE ORGANS OF THE THE ORGANS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEMIMMUNE SYSTEM
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes
SOURCE OF LYMPHOCYTES
Fetus
PrimaryLymphoid
OrgansSecondaryLymphoid
Organs
Adult
SOURCE OF LYMPHOCYTES
SOURCE OF LYMPHOCYTES
HUMAN THYMUS
PRIMARY LYMPHOID ORGANSTHYMUS (T cell maturation)
(> lymphocytes)
(< lymphocytes)
The functional thymus consists of two cell populations; the stromal cells and the thymocytes. The stromal cells include (1) the subcapsular epithelial cells; (2) the cortical epithelial cells; (3) the medullary epithelial cells; (4) macrophages; and (5) dendritic cells of bone marrow origin. (From Kierszenbaum AL: Histology and cell biology: an introduction to pathology, St Louis, 2002, Mosby.)
MHC-dependiente
Effects of Adult Thymectomy on Immune Response
CHICKEN THYMUS AND BURSA OF FABRICIUS
BURSA OF FABRICIUS(B cell maturation)
follicle
lumen
CortexCortex(lymphocytes, M(lymphocytes, MØ,Ø,
plasma cells)plasma cells)
medullamedulla
Group I (90% Ileum)
Ruminants, Pigs, Horses,Dogs, Humans.
Group II Illeum/Jejunum)
Rabbits, Rodents.
PEYER’S PATCHES
When stimulated by antigen, immunoglobulin A (IgA)-producing B cells are produced in inductive sites, such as the Peyer’s patches.
The role of M cells as antigen-processing cells in the intestinal wall. Antigen that enters enterocytes is usually rapidly degraded in lysosomes. Antigen that enters M cells is not degraded. It may be presented directly to intraepithelial lymphocytes within the M.
Yersinia, M. tuberculosis, Listeria,reovirus, Salmonella.
Structure of the two different types of Peyer’s patch (PP) in sheep. A, An ileal PP at age 8 weeks. B, A PP from the jejunum, also at 8 weeks. Original magnification ×32. (From Reynolds JD, Morris B: Eur J Immunol 13:631, 1983.)
SECONDARY LYMPHOID ORGANSLYMPH NODE
SECONDARY LYMPHOID ORGANSLYMPH NODE
(B cells)
(stimulated)
(T cells)
(unstimulated)
(B cells, macrophages, plasma cells)
SECONDARY LYMPHOID ORGANSLYMPH NODE
secondarysecondaryfolliclefollicle
primaryprimaryfolliclefollicle
medullamedulla
subcapsularsubcapsularsinussinus
dendriticdendriticcellscells
SECONDARY LYMPHOID ORGANSLYMPH NODE
Circulation of Lymphocytes
Lymph Movement.ram
HIGH ENDOTHELIAL VENULES
HIGH ENDOTHELIAL VENULES
HIGH ENDOTHELIAL VENULES
RP
WPB cell follicle
PLS
Marginal Zone
SPLEENSPLEEN
SPLEEN
PERIARTERIOLAR LYMPHOID SHEATS (PALS)
B cells
T cells
arteriole
In Summary
• Specialized tissues (secondary lymphoid organs) concentrate Ag that were introduced through the physical barriers.
• Naïve cells migrate through SLO, where they recognize Ag and initiate an immune response.
• Effector and memory lymphocytes circulate in the blood and to SLO.