Organizational TheoryOrganizational Theory

I. Classical Approach to OrganizationsI. Classical Approach to Organizations A. General Characteristics of Classical A. General Characteristics of Classical

ApproachApproach B. Max Weber: Development of B. Max Weber: Development of

bureaucracybureaucracy 1. characteristics of bureaucracy1. characteristics of bureaucracy 2. problems with each of the 2. problems with each of the

characteristicscharacteristics

Organizational TheoryOrganizational Theory

B. Frederick Taylor: Scientific ManagementB. Frederick Taylor: Scientific Management 1. Assumptions of scientific management1. Assumptions of scientific management 2. Methods for identifying ‘best’ workers2. Methods for identifying ‘best’ workers C. Luther Gulick and Wendall Urwick: Principles C. Luther Gulick and Wendall Urwick: Principles

of Administrationof Administration 1. Responsibilities of the Leader1. Responsibilities of the Leader 2. Recognized four different ways to organize 2. Recognized four different ways to organize

workwork

Organizational TheoryOrganizational Theory

II. Human Relations or Neo-classical Approach to II. Human Relations or Neo-classical Approach to OrganizationsOrganizations

A. Assumptions of human relations approachA. Assumptions of human relations approach B. Mary Parker Follett: conflict resolutionB. Mary Parker Follett: conflict resolution C. Elton Mayo: Hawthorne ExperimentsC. Elton Mayo: Hawthorne Experiments 1. How did the experiments work?1. How did the experiments work? 2. What were the results of the experiments?2. What were the results of the experiments? D. Chester Barnard: Zone of IndifferenceD. Chester Barnard: Zone of Indifference

Organizational TheoryOrganizational Theory

E. Iowa ExperimentsE. Iowa Experiments 1. What were the experiments?1. What were the experiments? 2. What were their findings?2. What were their findings? 3. Why is it argued that the findings are not useful to 3. Why is it argued that the findings are not useful to

other organizations?other organizations? III. Organizational HumanismIII. Organizational Humanism A. Assumptions of this approachA. Assumptions of this approach B. Abraham Maslow: Hierarchy of needsB. Abraham Maslow: Hierarchy of needs C. Douglas McGregorC. Douglas McGregor 1. Assumptions of Theory X1. Assumptions of Theory X 2. Assumptions of Theory Y2. Assumptions of Theory Y

Organizational TheoryOrganizational Theory

IV. The Modern Approach to OrganizationsIV. The Modern Approach to Organizations A. Explain how this approach differs from A. Explain how this approach differs from

earlier approachesearlier approaches B. Systems TheoryB. Systems Theory 1. Closed system characteristics1. Closed system characteristics 2. Open system characteristics2. Open system characteristics C. William Ouchi: Theory ZC. William Ouchi: Theory Z D. Total Quality ManagementD. Total Quality Management