Pengaruh Leader-member Exchange Pada Organizational Citizenship Behavior
“Organizational Leader” of NSDAP - Squarespace · PDF fileJanuary 1928 = Gregor...
Transcript of “Organizational Leader” of NSDAP - Squarespace · PDF fileJanuary 1928 = Gregor...
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January 1928 = Gregor Strasser appointed
“Organizational Leader” of NSDAP
Gau reforms
Importance of professional branches
Importance of uniforms
Importance of ranks
Reorganizing . . .
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June 1929 = Nazis won majority election at Koburg
December 1929 = Nazis won 11% of the vote in Thuringia
Wilhelm Frick elected Interior and Education Minister
February 1930 = Horst Wessel died
1923-1933 = 199 Nazi “martyrs” killed
Local Elections
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1928 Reichstag Elections:
12 seats won by Nazis
September 1930 Reichstag elections:
107 seats won by Nazis
Hitler was not serving in the Reichstag
October 1930 = trial of NSDAP army officers
Legally Seizing Power?
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July 1931 = bank collapse in Germany
Two days later, NSDStB seizes control of national college student gov’t
Increasing violence between Communists and Nazis
12 Sept. 1931 = Nazis provoke fights with Jews
October 1931 = Harzburg Front coalition
NSDAP, DNVP, and the Stahlhelm
1931 = Political Polarization
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1913 = 3%
1923 = 4%
1928 = 6%
1929 = 8.5%
1930 = 14%
1931 = 22%
1932 = 30%!!!
1936 = 7.5%
1939 = 0.5%
Unemployment Stats
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1932 = five major elections in Germany
February 1932 = Hitler becomes a German citizen
Announces candidacy for President two days later
18 March 1932 = first round of voting . . .
Hitler gets 30% of the vote . . .
Hindenburg gets 49.6%
Weimar’s Final Year
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10 April 1932 results:
Ernst Thälmann (KPD) = 10%
Adolf Hitler (NSDAP) = 37%
Paul von Hindenburg (Independent) = 53%
13 April = Brüning(Catholic Center Party) banned the SA and the SS
Invoked Article 48
Second Round of Presidential Election
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Elections in Prussia, Bavaria, Württemberg, Anhalt,
and Hamburg
84% of the electorate
Election results . . .
Prussia = 162 seats won by Nazis
Bavaria = 42 seats won by Nazis
May 1932 = Reichstag suspended after violence
May 1932 = Brüning’s gov’t collapses
New national election
Landtag Elections (24 April)
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Hitler flies to 50 cities in 15 days
Nazis win 230 of 608 seats (38%)
SPD only win 133 seats
No coalition gov’t . . .
New Chancellor = Franz von Papen
But now Hitler wants to be Chancellor!
Hindenburg says no . . .
July 1932 Reichstag Election
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September 1932 = Communists and Nazis bring a
vote of no confidence to the Reichstag floor
Papen dissolves the Reichstag
New elections!
November 1932 Reichstag Election
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November 1932 = Nazis lose votes
From 230 seats to 196 seats
KPD = from 89 to 100 seats
SPD also loses seats
Nazi Reversal
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Lippe’s Landtag election
Nazis win big (39% of seats), claim tide has turned
Dismissed Papen seeks revenge on new Chancellor
Chancellor Kurt von Schleicher
Papen smooths Hitler’s path to the Chancellorship
Makes a deal with NSDAP and DNVP
Bleak Winter of 1933?
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28 January 1933 = Schleicher resigns
30 January 1933 = Hitler is appointed Chancellor
Frick is appointed Minister of Interior
Hermann Göring is appointed Minister of Prussia
Another election called for March!
Machtergreifung(30 January 1933)
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Arsonist burns down Reichstag
Hitler blames the Communists
4000 political operatives arrested
KPD still wins 81 seats . . .
But the NSDAP wins 288 (44%) . . .
Still no majority!!!
Reichstag Fire (27 February 1933)
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Economic fears and unemployment
No confidence in democracy
Longing for a strong leader
Polarization of politics
Reorganized NSDAP
Devious behind-the-scenes politicking
Summary