Organic Plant Breeding - Cope Seeds & Grain · Breeding for Changes in Climate Change whilst also...
Transcript of Organic Plant Breeding - Cope Seeds & Grain · Breeding for Changes in Climate Change whilst also...
Organic Plant Breeding
• Why
• The Journey So Far
• Going Forward
Cope Seeds & Grain Limited
• Family Business• Formed in 2002• Based in Lincolnshire• Specialise in Producing & selling
Organic Cereal, Pulse, Forage & Arable Silage crops
• Organic grain business est 2007• 6 members of staff
‘Looking at our sample results over the last 10 years, we are able to see a clear decline in the quality of domestic grain
coming into our mill’
Joe Lister, Shipton Mill
‘Over the last 5 years we have seen a significant increase in theavailability of imported organic cereals, while barley quality iscomparable to Uk production, the wheat is very different, on averagearound 5% higher in protein and available to buy year round making itVERY competitive in feed rations as it’s only a small premium overdomestic material, on a £ per point of protein basis it’s almost half thecost of domestic wheat . The UK is in deficit of organic proteins so incoming years we will need to increase our wheat protein levels toremain competitive.’
Organic Buyer of Large Feed Company
What is UK Conventional Plant Breeding Based On…..
YIELD YIELD YIELD
• Without yield advances (2%) varieties are unlikely to get onto the Recommended List.
• Missing out on potentially useful varieties?
• Without getting onto the Recommended List, varieties are discarded as they become less commercially viable
Why Wont the UK Plant Breeder Invest in the Organic Market?
SPECIES 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Winter Wheat 176119 170523 179281 176113 163784
Winter Barley 44229 42606 46767 44791 37499
Winter Hybrid Barley 6101 8810 7943 7899 7966
Winter Oats 7044 7911 7528 7552 7486
Winter Rye 693 691 1058 1281 2120
Winter Field Beans 2848 2520 4636 5098 4705
Winter Oilseed Rape 1121 861 1275 809 782
TOTAL Winter 238155 233922 248488 243543 224342
SPECIES 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Spring Wheat 8,584 9,616 10,870 10,138 10,261
Spring Barley 44,108 46,654 45,514 47,533 45,327
Spring Oats 3,010 4,050 3,954 2,721 3,099
Spring Triticale 625 815 1,133 587 819
Spring Oilseed Rape 125 66 43 0 12.4
Spring Field Beans 6,634 9,776 11,355 15,317 12,520
Total Spring 63,086 70,977 72,869 76,296 72,038
1. Seed sold organically accounts for approximately 5,000 tonnes – That’s across all species and varieties on offer
2. For a breeder to break even in the Winter Wheat market they need 18% market share (29,500 tonnes)
3. The most of any one variety that is sold organically is probably Mascani or Westminster at approximately 5-600tonnes
(Currently 64% Autumn / 36% Spring)
So What Is Happening Overseas….?
Breeding for Changes in Climate Change whilst also trying to meet the high expectations of growers, processors and end users.
Aspirations of Organic Breeding…• Reliability• Stability • Adaptability
All 3 components are extremely important in making the RIGHT selection process
* Creating lines that although the protein in low, they still are able to give the baking qualities needed. Does the quality market need to look past protein?
How Did it All Start…Biofach 2015
• Karl Joseph Mueller, Germany
• Michael Locher, a member of the Peter Kuntz Breeding team (GZPK), Switzerland & Germany
Later our collaberations included:
• Agri-Obtentions, France
• Edelhoff, Austria
What Happened Next…
Arranged for 6 winter wheat varieties to be placed into AGRIIs trial system at Throws Farm, Essex
Wiwa (GZPK)
Ataro (GZPK)
Govelino (Mueller)
Roderik (Mueller)
Skerzzo (Agriobtentions)
Hendrix (Agriobtentions)
End User Analysis
• ‘The Organic Wheats had high bushel weights which may explain why the dough was so bright & white’
• ‘Overall the best result was the Organic Wiwa, although lower protein out of the samples this had the most oven spring’
• ‘The samples of Ataro & Wiwaperformed better than our English types’
Leading Organic Miller
Harvest 2016 Results….Site 1
Entry
No.Entry Name Seeding Rate
Specific Weight
(kg/hl)Protein Hagberg
24/08/2016 % HFN
1 Crusoe 325 78.8 14.36 321
2 Skyfall 325 77.4 13.80 391
6 Wiwa 325 80.5 16.41 426
7 Ataro 325 79.5 15.90 408
8 Roderik 325 82.3 16.52 395
9 Govelino 325 80.4 17.40 399
10 SG-S1684-13 325 79.3 13.58 138
11 SG-S1825,14 325 76.8 14.18 400
12 SG-S1228-14 325 78.5 14.33 392
13 Hendrix 325 80.3 14.32 384
14 Skerzzo 325 80.7 15.94 251
16 Soisson 325 80.4 14.48 350
17 Cordiale 325 77.3 14.48 382
Site 2
Entry No. Entry Name Seeding RateYield (t/ha) @ 15% m.c. Protein Habgerg
12/08/2016 % HFN
1 Crusoe 325 9.48 12.96 350
2 Skyfall 325 9.52 12.24 418
5 Nelson 325 7.82 14.40 404
6 Wiwa 325 6.25 15.92 433
7 Ataro 325 7.69 14.39 407
8 Roderik 325 8.28 14.10 406
9 Govelino 325 5.93 15.85 395
10 SG-S1684-13 325 8.75 12.70 217
11 SG-S1825,14 325 9.43 12.42 403
12 SG-S1228-14 325 8.03 13.17 439
13 Hendrix 325 8.18 12.97 392
14 Skerzzo 325 8.30 13.99 393
16 Soisson 325 8.83 13.01 484
17 Cordiale 325 9.53 12.57 356
-46%-13%
The results seen in 2016 indicate that in difficult climatic conditions the organic cultivated varieties are more adaptable than the conventional ones
* Higher Proteins* Higher Specific Weights* Lower Mycotoxins
Image: Harvest 2016; GZPK variety ROYAL left, conventional variety on the right side.
If we cant find someoneto do it, we’ll do it ourselves….
Not quite land owners but it’s a start!
Our Plans for the Future
• 60 plus varieties including organically bred material• Organic seed treatments & fertiliser programmes on trial• Includes trials of Wheat blends, Barley blends and Oat blends
Moving Forward…
• EHOGOLD Winter Wheat• Continue building our relationships with Organic Plant
Breeders• Work Closer with the End User• What Happens if a crop fails to meet milling specification?
Left with low yielding feed wheat!• Seed Industry must be supported