Organic Pesticide Awareness
Transcript of Organic Pesticide Awareness
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Organic Pesticide Awareness
Gary FishMaine Board of Pesticides Control28 State House StationAugusta ME 04333-0028(207)[email protected]
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Have you ever heard of the Board
of Pesticides Control (BPC)?
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1. Yes
2. No
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What is your opinion of the BPC?
Stro
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1. Strongly favorable
2. Favorable
3. Neutral
4. Unfavorable
5. Strongly
unfavorable
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Organic means
Pesti
cidef
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Toxic
pesti
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P
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Non
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1. Pesticide free
2. Toxic pesticide free
3. Persistent pesticide free
4. None of these
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Organic means
Natu
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Noh
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1. Natural pesticides only
2. No synthetic pesticides
3. No herbicides4. None of these
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Do organic growers use pesticides?
Over 25% of OMRI listedproducts are pestmanagement products
312 are registered by EPA aspesticides
188 are registered aspesticides in Maine
139 of the pesticide productsare not registered by EPA andshould not be used to controlpests in the US
?
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Organic produce may contain
organic pesticide residues According to the
2008 USDAPesticide Data
Program Report: 43% of organic
spinach sampleswere positive forspinosad(13 of 30 samples positive)
Spinosad is derivedfrom a naturallyoccurring soil bacteria
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Which are pesticides?
O
rgan
ocide
Espoma
Org
anic
Burn
OutII
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1. Organocide
2. Espoma Organic
3. BurnOut II
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What is a pesticide?
Any substance or mixture of substancesintended for:
preventing,
destroying,
repelling, or
mitigating
any pest
Or, any plant regulator, defoliant ordesiccant.
Does not include fertilizers or nutrients
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These are pesticides?
Disinfectants & bleaches
Herbicides
Rat & mouse baits
Fungicides
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These are pesticides?
Insecticides Botanicals
Biological controls
Deer and rabbit repellents
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Are botanical pesticides risky?
Pyrethrin has a changingcancer rating
EPA now ranks it as acarcinogen at doses that causeincreased cell division in theliver
It has also been shown to be
a thyroid hormone disruptor
Residues are detected infood at low levels
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Are botanical pesticides risky?
Old standby botanical insecticide In 2006 the
manufacturers/distributorsvoluntarily canceled theregistration
Why? In 2004 EPA required aninhalation neuro-toxicity study. Induces Parkinsons Disease-like
symptoms
Induces liver cells to self-destruct Dust products are of particular
concern for inhalation exposure. Because of fetal sensitivity EPA
required a 10X reduction in
exposure potential
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Are organic fungicides risky?
Copper is an element, so itdoes not degrade in the soil
Since 2006 the EU hasseverely restricted use ofcopper fungicides (5.4lbs/Ac/Yr) and Holland andDenmark have bannedthem
On average organic cropscontain 10% more copperthan conventional crops
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Are organic fungicides risky?
Soil accumulation is especiallypronounced in perennial crops
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Recent research shows the environmental
hazards of copper fungicides
Copper concentrations arehigher in many agriculturalsoils
In the lab copper significantlyharms soil organisms(especially earthworms)
Field results for soils over50 ppm of copper have cleareffects on earthworms
20 36% of copper fungicidescan run off from plastic mulchand harm aquatic life
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Essential oil pesticides
Some pesticides havebeen deregulated by
EPA FIFRA 25(b) Exempt
Exempt from Federalregistration
Exempt from toxicity
testing
Some are OMRI listed
Ingredients in these products
Rosemary oil
Peppermint oil
Thyme oil
Clove oil
Wintergreen oil
Cinnamon oil
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What do we know about essential
oil pesticide risks? Not enough since they are exempt from
toxicity tests Rosemary oil not well tested Peppermint oil
sensitization, irritant,
lung damage, not recommended for children, infants or
during pregnancy or breast feeding
Clove oil allergic reactions, not good for people with liver or kidney
disorders, increases bleeding risks, interacts with drugs, contains eugenol which when methylated
becomes a potent carcinogen
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What are the risks?
Wintergreen oil
highly toxic,
not recommended during
pregnancy,
causes dermatitis,
inhalation hazard
Cinnamon oil powerful irritant and
even worse sensitizer
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Organic products are not harmful
to bees, pollinators and other
beneficial organisms
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1. True
2. False
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Toxicity of Common Organic-
Approved Pesticides to Pollinators
Eric Mader The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation
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All pesticides have risks!!!
Organic Safe
Synthetic Highly toxic
Natural Safe
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Even organic
products aretoxic!
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All substances are
poisons; there is none
which is not a poison.
The right DOSE
differentiates a poisonfrom a remedy.
Paracelsus (1493-1541)
Even too much water can
killover 1.5 liters/hour
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Endocrine effects
EPA is just beginning to do endocrine disrupterscreening for pesticide active and inertingredients
http://www.epa.gov/scipoly/oscpendo/index.htm
http://www.epa.gov/scipoly/oscpendo/pubs/final_list_frn_041509.pdf
Does the dose make the poison?? What abouthormesis?
http://www.belleonline.com/index.htm
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So what is an organic gardener to do
about pests?
Think first Spray last!
Practice Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Identify the pest specifically
www.gotpests.org
Only use pesticides (organic or not) as a lastresort
Choose the least toxic and most specific
pesticide available Use all pesticides with great caution and
respect
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Spare all sprays, even organic, to
protect beneficial insects Dragonflies
Spiders
Small parasitic wasps
Predatory mites
Syrphid flies
Ground beetles
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The key to proper use
Read and follow the label &MSDS
Do your homework If you are a commercial
grower
only use products approvedfor agricultural use
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Have you heard about the pesticide
notification registry for aerial for
air-carrier pesticide applications?
Yes
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Please rate this presentation
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www.thinkfirstspraylast.org
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www.gotpests.org
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www.yardscaping.org
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Resources
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/
http://www.pesticideinfo.org/
http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/biopesticides/regtools/25b_list.htm
http://www.omri.org
http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16403682
http://spot.colorado.edu/~carpenh/Magkos.pdf