Organic Chemistry

I. Introduction

A. DefinitionB. Why carbon?

1. Hydrocarbons

Figure 4.3

Figure 4.5

2. Isomers

a. Structural

b. Geometric

c. Enantiomers

Figure 4.7

c. Enantiomers

Figure 4.8

3. Functional Groups

a. Structure

Figure 4.10

b. Function

Figure 4.9

4. Monomers vs. Polymers

Figure 5.2

II. CarbohydrateA.

Structure1. Atoms

Figure 5.3

a. Structure

2. Bonds & Characteristics

Figure 5.4

B. Types1. Monosaccharide

Figure 5.3

2. Disaccharide

Figure 5.5

3. Polysaccharide

a. Storage

Figure 5.6

Figure 5.6

b. Structural

Figure 5.7

b. Structural

Figure 5.10

II. LipidsA. Structure1.

Atoms

Figure 4.6

Figure 5.11

2. Bonds & Characteristics

Figure 5.12

B. Types1. Neutral

Fats

Figure 4.6

2. Phospholipid

Figure 4.6

Figure 5.13

3. Steroids

Figure 4.6 Figure

5.15

Cholesterol

C. Function1.

Types

Figure 4.6

Neutral Fats

= Insulation, Padding, and Secondary Energy Sources

Phospholipids

= Build Membranes

= Build Hormones

Steroids

Figure 4.9

Figure 5.14

IV. ProteinA.

Structure1. Atoms

Figure 4.6

Figure 4.6

Figure 5.17

Figure 4.6

Figure 5.17

2. Bonds & Characteristics

Figure 4.6

Figure 5.18

Figure 5.20

Figure 4.6 Figure

5.20

Figure 4.6

Figure 5.20

Figure 4.6

Figure 5.23

Figure 4.6

Figure 5.22

B. Types/Function

1. Structural

2. Functional

V. Nucleic AcidA.

Structure1. Atoms2. Bonds & Characteristics

Figure 5.26

Figure 5.27

B. Types

1. DNA vs. 2. RNA

StrandsBasesSugarsOrientationLocationTypes

Double

Single

A, T, G, & C

A, U, G, & C

Deoxyribose

Ribose

3’ to 5’ & 5’ to 3’

3’ to 5’Nucleus & cytoplasm

Nucleusone mRNA, rRNA, &

tRNA

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