Organelle Structure and function

Organelles Molecules Cellular function

Ch 5: Cells, the working units of life Ch 27: The origin and diversification of Eukaryotes

Discussion Summary: Week 2 •  Cell Biology’s Open Cases •  Team Discussion: •  Related topics •  Questions •  Take home message

•  Group discussion •  Type the take-home messages in D2L

or write on board •  Write questions on the board

•  Brief review of “relevant facts” deemed important by instructor.

“Organelle Structure and Function”

Re-cast this idea as:

Cellular Function(s) Molecular basis

Organelles’ role(s) In terms of organismal/evolutionary study…

Structures and traits

Prokaryotic cell features Review of form,

molecules and function h"p://www.sigmaaldrich.com/technical-­‐documents/ar7cles/biology/glycobiology/pep7doglycans.html    

h"p://bio1151.nicerweb.com/Locked/media/ch27/capsule.html    

Prokaryotic cell features Review of form,

molecules and function h"p://www.bmb.leeds.ac.uk/illingworth/6form/    

Eukaryotic Cells: Classic and EM views FUNCTION relates to STRUCTURE

Studying Organelles:

Physical and

chemical properties

Isolate

associated molecules

Highlights: Endomembrane

system •  Membrane-

associated protein production

•  Organelles, molecules, FUNCTIONS •  Lipid

synthesis •  Protein

modification

Special Plant Organelles

•  Unique chemistry

•  Important functions

•  Plastids •  Glyoxysome •  Which one

not on this slide?

Unsung heroes! The “other” organelles and

structures •  Peroxisome •  Many special

reactions here •  Catalase breaking

down H2O2 quite important!

h"p://flipper.diff.org/app/items/3693    

Unsung heroes! The “other”

organelles and structures

•  Extracellular Structures •  How do

molecule get outside the cell?

•  How are they assembled into structures?

Unsung heroes! The “other” organelles and structures •  Cytoskeleton •  So many types! •  What does this mean about function?

Unsung heroes! The “other”

organelles and structures

•  Cytoskeleton •  How can we

study function?

•  Hypothesis-driven expeiment

Protists •  Insight into evolution •  Organelles •  O2, ATP, Membranes

•  Multicellularity •  Single-celled organisms

useful for investigation •  Diversity sparks

question about function

•  Ecological impact

Protists •  Insight into evolution •  Organelles •  O2, ATP, Membranes

•  Multicellularity

Protists

•  Single-celled organisms useful for investigation •  Use of yeast •  Use of chemistry •  Visualization of

molecules and chemical properties

•  “elegant” experiment!

Protists: MCB and OEB •  Diversity sparks

questions about function •  Classical TRAITS are

cellular •  Classification •  Evolution •  Phylogenies

•  MOLECULAR mechanisms underlie structure and function •  Biochemistry •  DNA

•  SEXUAL REPRODUCTION leads to diversity

Protists’ interaction with

environment •  Ecological

impact •  Geological •  Biochemical •  Symbiosis •  Disease •  Mutualism •  Etc.

h"p://www.treadright.org/project/white-­‐cliffs-­‐dover    h"p://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/Phytoplankton/page2.php      

Protists’ interaction with

environment •  Ecological

impact •  Geological •  Biochemical •  Symbiosis •  Disease •  Mutualism •  Etc.

h"p://www.treadright.org/project/white-­‐cliffs-­‐dover    h"p://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/Phytoplankton/page2.php      

STRETCH BREAK!

Investigating Life : Chapter

1 •  Figure 1.12 •  Gather related

and necessary “facts” to set up and understand experiment (Fig 1.11)

•  Discuss data prediction (deductive reasoning)

•  Discuss actual data and conclusions

Investigating Life : Chapter 1 •  Figure 1.11 needed as

reference for 1.12 •  Observations during first

experiment help form hypothesis about next experiments

•  Come up with ideas about how things work (inductive reasoning … conclusions from observations or experiment)

•  Note experiment types: Controlled or comparative

This week’s lab: Lab 1b, 1c intro

How was pre-lab? Planning your preparations and views

Some questions Some predictions Use last week’s data!

Using the digital camera Logging your images Fluorescence and Phase-Contrast microscopy Questions??

REVIEW of

PRE-LAB requirements

PROCEDURE: •  Obtain lab(s) from course website •  Complete PRE-LAB -  Summary section -  Detailed method, data section -  Questions

•  Create digital version of PRE-LAB -  Upload to D2L, group area by 8am

Tuesday •  Review and assess partner’s: -  Tuesday afternoon meeting

recommended -  Upload RUBRIC to D2L

-  Edited PRE-LAB secured in lab notebook by 8am Thursday. -  Incorporate coments from partner.

Next week’s lab: Lab 2 : Protein quantitation. Introduction

•  4 major molecules in biology •  Spectrophotometry, standard curve,

dilutions, use of calculations •  Proteins have numerous functions in cells,

and measuring protein is part of molecular biology and/or biochemistry

•  How much protein per serving in a “supplement” ?

h"p://www.di.uq.edu.au/sparqspectro  

Next week’s lab: Lab 2 intro ��� •  Future labs will use these techniques

•  Dilutions create varying concentrations of standard (BSA), and measurable amounts of unknown.

•  Bradford assay is Coomassie Blue & Spectrophotometry

h"p://www.qcbio.com/pierce/23236.htm    

Next week’s lab: Lab 2 intro ��� •  Future labs will use these techniques

•  Bradford assay is Coomassie Blue & Spectrophotometry

h"p://www.di.uq.edu.au/sparqspectro