Organ Systems A quick bite to eat! How many systems are involved in eating?
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Transcript of Organ Systems A quick bite to eat! How many systems are involved in eating?
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Organ Systems
A quick bite to eat! How many systems are involved in eating?
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The Digestive SystemHow much do you already know? Use props to assemble a digestive system
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How much do you already know?
A – MouthB – EsophagusC – StomachD – Small intestineE – Large intestine
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The function of the digestive system:
the physical and chemical breakdown of food into smaller nutrient molecules that can be absorbed from the digestive tract
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The Digestive Tract
In most animals, the digestive tract is one long tube with openings at either end
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The Whole Digestive Tract
lined with epithelial tissue containing goblet cells that produce mucous
Epithelial tissue with goblet cells
Connective tissue
Muscle tissue
Epithelial tissue
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The Whole Digestive TractMucous helps
1) protects digestive tract from digestive enzymes
2) Lubricate for smooth passage of materials
Epithelial tissue with goblet cells
Connective tissue
Muscle tissue
Epithelial tissue
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1. Digestion – The mouth
Mouth: food is chewed and swallowed. Causes mechanical (physical) breakdown of
food.
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1. Digestion – The mouthEnzymes, (from the salivary glands), start the
chemical breakdown of starch and other sugars into simpler compounds.
Amylase: the enzyme in the mouth that helps us break down starch and complex carbohydrates
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2. Digestion - The EsophagusPassageway that moves food to the stomach
by peristalsis
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2. Digestion - The EsophagusPeristalsis – wave-like contractions of the
smooth (involuntary) muscles
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3. Digestion – The Stomach
Smooth Muscle tissue allows churning of the food forfurther physical and chemical breakdown of food
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3. Digestion – The stomach Epithelial tissue in
lining secretes enzymes and acids for chemical breakdown of food
Epithelial tissue and enzyme producing cells
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4. Digestion – The Small IntestineMore digestive juices added to further
break down food into smaller nutrients
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4. Digestion – The Small Intestine
Villi -(Finger-like projections) increase the surface area of the small intestine lining.
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4. Digestion – The Small Intestine
Small nutrient molecules are absorbed by the villi into the blood stream
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5. Digestion – Large IntestineWater from food is reabsorbed into
the body for recyclingSolidified indigestible waste is
pushed through and expelled
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Accessory OrgansThe gall bladder, liver & pancreas supply
digestive tract with further enzymes and bile to aid chemical breakdown.
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http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=a+journey+inside+the+digestive+tract&view=detail&mid=7B5AB64F1025B0EB75C57B5AB64F1025B0EB75C5&first=0&FORM=NVPFVR
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The Circulatory System
Functions as a “courier system”
Delivers to body cells nutrients and oxygen (O2)
Picks up for disposal carbon dioxide (CO2) and other wastes
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Circulatory SystemIs made up of 3 main parts:
- The Blood- The Heart- The Blood Vessels
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Structure FunctionRed Blood Cells
Contain hemoglobin
Carry oxygen
White Blood Cells
Contain a nucleus
Destroy bacteria and viruses
Platelets Tiny pieces of cells
Help with blood clotting
Plasma Protein rich liquid
Fluid enables blood flow
COMPONENTS OF BLOOD
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The Heart
- Contains cardiac muscle tissue allowing each part of the heart to contract simultaneously
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The HeartThe heart must pumps at a regular beat in
order to carry blood to all body tissues. The heart rate varies depending on:
physical activitystresstemperaturegeneral health.
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Three types of Blood VesselsArteries – carry blood away
from the heart. Thick walls to
withstand higher blood pressure
Contain oxygen-rich blood
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Three types of Blood Vessels
Veins – carry blood towards
the heart. Thin walls (further
from heart - lower blood pressure)
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Three types of Blood Vessels
Capillaries – tiny vessels within all
body tissues Thin walls allow
diffusion for exchange of substances with body tissue.
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The Heart- pathway of blood flow through the heart
Deoxygenated blood from rest of body to right atrium via superior and inferior vena cava right atrium right ventricle pulmonary artery lung where blood picks up O2 left atrium via pulmonary veins left ventricle oxygenated blood left heart via aorta to rest of the body
Blood from upper body
Blood from lower body https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KSbbDnbSEyM
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This colour-enhanced, freeze-fracture scanning electron micrograph shows a blood vessel that has grown into a melanoma. Numerous red blood cells and three white blood cells can be seen within the blood vessel.
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The Endhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v
=PgI80Ue-AMohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7SfRgg9botI
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Reserved for next class
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Try it yourself1. Label AD in the diagram below. 2. Which kind of blood
(deoxygenated/oxygenated?) that entering:
a. superior vena cavab. pulmonary veinc. pulmonary arteryd. aorta
3. Where does the blood come from before entering the superior vena cava?
4. Where does the blood come from before entering the inferior vena cava?
5. Where does the blood go to after leaving the pulmonary artery?
6. The part receives blood from lung is:a. left ventricle c. left atriumb. right atrium d. right atrium