Oregon Vital Statistics Annual Report 1999 Volume 1...ii Volume 1 • Oregon Vital Statistics Report...

OregonVital StatisticsAnnual Report

1999

Volume 1

Oregon Department of Human ServicesHealth Division

Center for Disease Prevention and EpidemiologyCenter for Health Statistics

ISSN: 1524-377X

Alternate formats available upon request.

Published June 2001

Prepared by:Center for Health Statistics

Researchers:Joyce Grant-Worley Karen Hampton David Hopkins Don Peterson

Desktop Publishing:Melissa Grace Franklin

Special thanks to other staffmembers of the Center for

Health Statistics:

Bisrat AfeworkiDiane Aho

Teresa BaileyTony BojanowskiTerrie BollingerBecki BuskirkKathy Cook

Terresa DavisVirginia DavisAzure Diamon

Debbie DraghiaDave EarnestDebora GottJohn Gram

Lee Gremaud

JoAnne HallLorraine Hanson

Debra HelmerNorma Hunt

Rosemary KaeserTina Kent

Rocke KlocknerIsolde Knaap

Cindy LandrethDianne Leopard

Maria LouiePhyllis Mason

Tom MohrConnie MorrisHeidi MurphyNeal Peterson

Kathy PickleLinda Reynolds

Sharon RiceTiffany Rice

Kara RosenthalNancy Salta

Carol SandersKaren SemprevivoDesiree SomnerDenice Sprague

Johanna SwensonSuzanne TrotterChan Vannarath

Sheila VuJennifer Woodward

P.O. Box 14050Portland, OR 97293-0050Phone: (503) 731-4354

http://www.ohd.hr.state.or.us/chs/welcome.htm

Table of ContentsSection 1. QUICK REFERENCE: VOLUME 1 ............................................................... 1-1

Section 2. NATALITY ................................................................................................ 2-1

Low Birthweight ..................................................................................... 2-1

Risk Factors ........................................................................................... 2-3

Prenatal Care ......................................................................................... 2-4

Maternal Education ................................................................................ 2-5

Maternal Race/Ethnicity ....................................................................... 2-5

Marital Status of Mother ........................................................................ 2-7

Reported Substance Use During Pregnancy .......................................... 2-8

Tobacco .............................................................................................. 2-8

Alcohol and Illicit Drugs.................................................................... 2-9

Birth Attendant .................................................................................... 2-10

Hospital Births ................................................................................ 2-10

Out-of-Hospital Births ..................................................................... 2-10

Source of Payment ............................................................................... 2-10

Section 3. INDUCED TERMINATIONS OF PREGNANCY ............................................ 3-1

Current Trends ...................................................................................... 3-1

Pregnancy Outcomes .............................................................................. 3-2

Abortion Patients .................................................................................... 3-3

Age ................................................................................................ 3-3

Race and Ethnicity ............................................................................ 3-4

Contraceptive Use ............................................................................. 3-4

Medical Procedures ................................................................................ 3-5

Geographic Distribution ......................................................................... 3-5

Section 4. TEEN PREGNANCY .................................................................................... 4-1

Current Trends ...................................................................................... 4-1

Oregon Females Under 18 ..................................................................... 4-1

Births to Teens Under 18 ................................................................. 4-2

Abortions to Teens Under 18 ............................................................ 4-2

Oregon Females 18-19 ........................................................................... 4-3

Oregon Rates vs. U.S. Rates .................................................................. 4-4

Level of Infant Health............................................................................. 4-4

iv Volume 1 • Oregon Vital Statistics Report 1999

Low Birthweight ................................................................................ 4-4

Race and Ethnicity....................................................................... 4-5

Prenatal Care ............................................................................... 4-5

Early Prenatal Care ........................................................... 4-6

Inadequate Prenatal Care ................................................. 4-6

Late or No Prenatal Care ................................................... 4-6

Low Apgar Score................................................................. 4-7

Substance Use During Pregnancy .................................................... 4-7

Tobacco .............................................................................. 4-7

Alcohol ............................................................................... 4-8

Source of Payment ............................................................................ 4-8

Age of Father ..................................................................................... 4-8

APPENDICES

Appendix A. POPULATION ........................................................................................ A-1

Appendix B. TECHNICAL NOTES ..............................................................................B-1

Definitions.........................................................................................B-1

Methodology .......................................................................................B-3

Step-by-Step Instructions ..................................................................B-7

Formulas .........................................................................................B-15

Appendix C. LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES .........................................................C-1

Appendix D. SAMPLE FORMS .................................................................................. D-1

Certificate of Live Birth ................................................................... D-1

Report of Induced Termination ........................................................ D-2

Application, License, and Record of Marriage.................................. D-3

Record of Dissolution of Marriage, or Annulment ........................... D-4

Preface

PREFACE�What�s past is prologue...�

Sometimes the best way to determine what direction to take isto look at where we are and back at where we have been. This is astrue in matters of public health as it is in navigation. And in today�scomplex society, careful planning is becoming more important thanever before.

Each year, the Oregon Health Division (OHD) publishes theOregon Vital Statistics Annual Report, an analytical look at thehealth of Oregon as measured by the health of its citizens. By thismeans, policy makers and health care professionals have a sourceof important knowledge that can be used to form bases for action andbenchmarks for assessing progress.

STRUCTURE OF THE REPORTStarting with the 1992 data, the Vital Statistics Annual Report is

issued in two volumes in an effort to make it easier to use.

Volume 1 presents data on births, abortions, and teen pregnancy.

Volume 2 presents data on deaths (all ages), perinatal deathsand adolescent suicide attempts.

The only marriage and divorce data published in the reportare statewide occurrences and rates. Information by county andby month of occurrence is available, as are a variety of year-to-date preliminary data on deaths, births, abortions, and teenpregnancy, at the Center for Health Statistics web page: http://www.ohd.hr.state.or.us/chs/welcome.html. Additional data isavailable in the form of simple cross-tabulations. For informationon availability or to request data, call the Center for HealthStatistics.

Comprehensive information on communicable diseases canbe obtained by contacting the OHD Center for Disease Preventionand Epidemiology.

The more significant demographic and public health issuesare discussed in the narrative sections that open each chapter.These narratives are accompanied by charts, graphs, and sidebartables. Readers can research their own areas of interest by usingthe data in the many tables at the end of each section. You canalso refer to other OHD reports for more detail on the specificissues summarized in this report. Recent publications are listedon the back inside cover of this report.

A COOPERATIVE EFFORTThe presentation of data in this report is the final stage of a

long, ongoing process that begins with the prompt, accuraterecording of vital events. This registration system ensures thatthe information is collected, kept secure, and made available toindividuals and their families when needed for documentation.Tabulation and analysis of the data by the Oregon Center forHealth Statistics provide useful information about the health andsocial changes occurring in Oregon.

ii Volume 1 • Oregon Vital Statistics Report 1999

Vital Statistics has been called �the eyes and ears of publichealth,� and is, in fact, the only organized system of healthrecords covering the entire population. The collection of data isa highly cooperative effort that depends on the participation of agreat many people throughout the state.

THE PROVIDERS OF SERVICESThose who provide the services associated with vital events are

the first participants in the collection system.

The birth attendant completes both the legal document and theconfidential statistical section of the birth certificate. For deaths, thefuneral director or person who first assumes responsibility for thebody files the death or fetal death certificate. A physician completesthe medical portion of these death certificates, except in cases offound bodies and unnatural deaths, which are certified by themedical examiner. Hospital medical records personnel help toensure that all certificates are complete and accurate.

These service providers then file the completed certificates withthe county registrars in the county where the event occurred.

Abortions and adolescent suicide attempts are treated differently.The providers of induced abortions file the completed statisticalreports (which contain no identifying information) directly with thestate registrar. Adolescent suicide attempts (again without identify-ing information) are reported by the hospitals treating the attempters.

COUNTY OFFICIALSCounty registrars play an important role by further assuring the

completeness and accuracy of birth, death, and fetal death registra-tion. They check the certificates against other sources of informationto make certain no events are missed. County registrars also followup any incomplete items before sending the certificates to the stateregistrar at the Center for Health Statistics.

CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICSAt the state level, the staff of the Center for Health Statistics

perform additional checks for completeness and accuracy. A fieldrepresentative makes contact with providers and county registrars.Clerical staff send correspondence seeking additional informationon such matters as causes of death, birthweight, and tobacco use.Microfilmers store certificates so that certified copies can be made.Coders and data entry personnel turn the collected information intocomputerized data, which are then retrieved by programmers,analyzed by researchers, and made available for demographic andpublic health needs.

OTHER STATESThis report does not overlook events relating to Oregon residents

that occurred in another state. The Centers for Health Statistics ineach U.S. state and Canadian province have agreed to forwardcopies of birth, death, and fetal death certificates to the state wherethe person usually resided. A cooperative agreement also exists forreports on induced termination of pregnancy; however, some statescollect no resident information on these reports and, therefore,cannot participate in the exchange.

Quick Reference: Volume 1

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1-2 Volume 1 • Oregon Vital Statistics Report 1999

Table 1-1.LiveBirths,Birthst oUn -mar-riedMoth-ers,Mar-riages,andD i -vorces,U.S.,1945-1995

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5491 654,537,2 6.02 004,711 9.24 299,216,1 2.21 000,584 5.36491 276,882,3 5.32 002,521 1.83 540,192,2 4.61 000,016 3.47491 049,996,3 8.52 009,131 7.53 878,199,1 9.31 000,384 4.38491 860,535,3 2.42 007,921 7.63 551,118,1 4.21 000,804 8.29491 925,955,3 9.32 002,331 4.73 897,975,1 6.01 000,793 7.2

0591 941,455,3 6.32 006,141 8.93 132,766,1 1.11 441,583 6.21591 058,057,3 5.42 005,641 1.93 496,495,1 4.01 000,183 5.22591 689,648,3 7.42 003,051 1.93 813,935,1 9.9 000,293 5.23591 021,209,3 7.42 008,061 2.14 000,645,1 8.9 000,093 5.24591 263,710,4 9.42 006,671 0.44 000,094,1 2.9 000,973 4.2

5591 592,740,4 6.42 003,381 3.54 000,135,1 3.9 000,773 3.26591 090,361,4 9.42 005,391 5.64 000,585,1 5.9 000,283 3.27591 487,452,4 0.52 007,102 4.74 000,815,1 9.8 000,183 2.28591 218,302,4 3.42 007,802 6.94 000,154,1 4.8 000,863 1.29591 697,442,4 0.42 006,022 0.25 000,494,1 5.8 000,593 2.2

0691 058,752,4 7.32 003,422 7.25 000,325,1 5.8 000,393 2.21691 623,862,4 3.32 002,042 3.65 000,845,1 5.8 000,414 3.22691 263,761,4 4.22 000,542 8.85 000,775,1 5.8 000,314 2.23691 020,890,4 7.12 004,952 3.36 000,456,1 8.8 000,824 3.24691 094,720,4 0.12 007,572 5.86 000,527,1 0.9 000,054 4.2

5691 853,067,3 4.91 002,192 4.77 000,008,1 3.9 000,974 5.26691 472,606,3 4.81 004,203 9.38 000,758,1 5.9 000,994 5.27691 959,025,3 8.71 001,813 3.09 000,729,1 7.9 000,325 6.28691 465,105,3 6.71 002,933 9.69 000,960,2 4.01 000,485 9.29691 602,006,3 9.71 008,063 2.001 000,541,2 6.01 000,936 2.3

0791 863,137,3 4.81 007,893 9.601 208,851,2 6.01 000,807 5.31791 079,555,3 2.71 004,104 9.211 184,091,2 6.01 000,377 7.32791 114,852,3 6.51 002,304 7.321 451,282,2 9.01 000,548 0.43791 569,631,3 8.41 003,704 8.921 801,482,2 8.01 000,519 3.44791 859,951,3 8.41 001,814 3.231 766,922,2 5.01 000,779 6.4

5791 891,441,3 6.41 009,744 5.241 266,251,2 0.01 000,630,1 8.46791 887,761,3 6.41 001,864 8.741 708,451,2 9.9 000,380,1 0.57791 236,623,3 1.51 007,515 0.551 763,871,2 9.9 000,190,1 0.58791 972,333,3 0.51 009,345 2.361 272,282,2 3.01 000,031,1 1.59791 893,494,3 6.51 008,795 1.171 733,133,2 1.01 000,181,1 3.5

0891 852,216,3 9.51 747,566 3.481 252,093,2 6.01 000,981,1 2.51891 832,926,3 8.51 506,686 2.981 541,224,2 6.01 000,312,1 3.52891 735,086,3 9.51 772,517 3.491 872,654,2 6.01 000,071,1 0.53891 339,836,3 5.51 398,737 8.202 406,544,2 5.01 000,971,1 0.54891 141,966,3 5.51 553,077 0.012 291,774,2 5.01 000,961,1 9.4

Quick Reference 1-3

0

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Oregon

U.S.Figure 1-1.Live BirthRates, Or-egon andthe U.S.,1 9 4 5 -1995

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0991 212,851,4 7.61 483,561,1 3.082 000,844,2 8.9 000,571,1 7.41991 709,011,4 2.61 967,312,1 3.592 000,173,2 4.9 000,781,1 7.42991 410,560,4 9.51 678,442,1 0.003 000,263,2 2.9 000,512,1 7.43991 042,000,4 5.51 271,042,1 0.013 000,433,2 0.9 000,781,1 6.44991 767,259,3 2.51 295,982,1 3.623 000,263,2 1.9 000,191,1 6.4

5991 985,998,3 8.41 679,352,1 0.223 000,633,2 9.8 000,961,1 4.46991 494,198,3 7.41 603,062,1 0.423 000,443,2 8.8 000,051,1 3.47991 498,088,3 5.41 444,752,1 0.423 000,483,2 9.8 000,361,1* 3.48991 355,149,3 6.41 765,392,1 0.823 000,652,2 3.8 000,531,1* 2.49991 714,959,3 5.41 065,803,1 0.033 000,853,2* 6.8* elbaliavaton 1.4*

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1-4 Volume 1 • Oregon Vital Statistics Report 1999Table1 -2.Popu-l a -tion,LiveBirths,Birthst oUn-mar-riedMoth-ers,Mar-riages,andD i -vorces,Or-egon,1908-1995

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8091 901,126 223,8 3.31 - - - - - -9091 550,746 656,8 3.31 - - 368,4 5.7 - -

0191 200,376 671,9 6.31 - - 145,5 2.8 - -1191 748,486 265,9 8.31 - - 648,6 9.9 - -2191 296,696 981,11 0.61 - - 316,6 4.9 - -3191 735,807 330,11 5.51 - - 283,5 5.7 - -4191 283,027 426,11 1.61 - - 071,5 1.7 - -

5191 622,237 232,21 7.61 - - 389,4 8.6 - -6191 170,447 069,21 4.71 - - 693,5 2.7 - -7191 619,557 741,31 4.71 - - 691,6 2.8 -8191 167,767 592,31 3.71 - - 182,5 9.6 -9191 606,977 836,31 5.71 - - 506,6 5.8 - -

0291 107,197 459,41 8.81 - - 755,7 5.9 - -1291 523,808 706,51 3.91 - - 346,7 4.9 - -2291 949,428 780,51 3.81 - - 196,6 1.8 - -3291 375,148 299,41 8.71 - - 151,7 4.8 - -4291 791,858 818,51 4.81 - - 739,6 1.8 - -

5291 008,478 975,51 8.71 - - 999,6 0.8 - -6291 004,198 929,41 7.61 - - 061,7 0.8 821,3 5.37291 001,809 736,41 1.61 - - 293,7 1.8 941,3 5.38291 007,429 951,41 3.51 - - 526,7 2.8 090,3 3.39291 003,149 442,31 1.41 - - 342,8 7.8 791,3 4.3

0391 054,859 374,31 1.41 - - 876,7 0.8 528,2 9.21391 002,769 722,31 7.31 - - 643,7 6.7 714,2 5.22391 006,089 548,21 1.31 - - 866,6 8.6 827,1 8.13391 000,499 822,21 3.21 - - 517,5 7.5 448,1 9.14391 004,700,1 170,31 0.31 - - 732,6 2.6 842,2 2.2

5391 008,020,1 341,31 9.21 - - 597,6 7.6 403,2 3.26391 001,430,1 911,41 7.31 - - 334,7 2.7 875,2 5.27391 005,740,1 594,51 8.41 - - 206,7 3.7 817,2 6.28391 000,160,1 333,61 4.51 - - 437,6 3.6 261,3 0.39391 000,470,1 727,61 6.51 - - 209,4 6.4 224,3 2.3

0491 000,390,1 225,71 0.61 732 5.31 899,5 5.5 345,3 2.31491 000,701,1 487,81 0.71 922 2.21 544,7 7.6 221,4 7.32491 005,841,1 382,22 4.91 742 1.11 867,8 6.7 527,4 1.43491 002,761,1 083,52 7.12 823 9.21 272,9 9.7 346,5 8.44491 000,122,1 444,32 2.91 704 4.71 576,8 1.7 916,6 4.5

5491 002,722,1 933,32 0.91 405 6.12 467,9 0.8 949,7 5.66491 009,743,1 665,92 9.12 715 5.71 476,41 9.01 142,01 6.77491 003,324,1 091,63 4.52 806 8.61 188,21 1.9 707,6 7.48491 008,074,1 739,43 8.32 575 5.61 373,21 4.8 504,6 4.49491 002,115,1 260,53 2.32 205 3.41 647,01 1.7 472,6 2.4

0591 143,125,1 199,53 7.32 766 5.81 003,11 4.7 349,5 9.31591 000,865,1 713,73 8.32 326 7.61 811,01 5.6 331,6 9.32591 001,206,1 257,93 8.42 087 6.91 899,9 2.6 113,6 9.33591 008,636,1 668,93 4.42 277 4.91 205,01 4.6 373,6 9.34591 086,266,1 055,83 2.32 909 6.32 765,9 8.5 031,6 7.3

Quick Reference 1-5

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5591 048,096,1 876,83 9.22 088 8.22 236,01 3.6 851,6 6.36591 056,437,1 234,83 2.22 859 9.42 865,01 1.6 728,5 4.37591 074,737,1 828,73 8.12 880,1 8.82 169,9 7.5 162,5 0.38591 055,827,1 592,63 0.12 190,1 1.03 698,9 7.5 254,5 2.39591 000,777,1 436,63 6.02 712,1 2.33 661,01 7.5 900,6 4.3

0691 786,867,1 743,83 7.12 052,1 6.23 095,01 0.6 117,5 2.31691 543,618,1 574,73 6.02 334,1 2.83 897,01 9.5 320,6 3.32691 831,528,1 389,63 3.02 994,1 5.04 221,11 1.6 470,6 3.33691 091,658,1 368,43 8.81 807,1 0.94 687,11 3.6 081,6 3.34691 000,609,1 005,33 6.71 457,1 4.25 792,21 5.6 684,6 4.3

5691 051,279,1 559,23 7.61 490,2 5.36 252,31 7.6 912,6 2.36691 087,999,1 644,23 2.61 033,2 8.17 189,31 0.7 467,6 4.37691 063,600,2 644,13 7.51 874,2 8.87 104,41 2.7 306,7 8.38691 009,050,2 631,23 7.51 138,2 1.88 521,61 9.7 852,8 0.49691 046,180,2 438,33 3.61 000,3 7.88 478,61 1.8 346,8 2.4

0791 583,190,2 353,53 9.61 219,2 4.28 203,71 3.8 385,9 6.41791 010,341,2 443,33 6.51 306,2 1.87 001,81 4.8 786,01 0.52791 072,381,2 803,13 3.41 255,2 5.18 562,91 8.8 607,11 4.53791 009,422,2 209,03 9.31 995,2 1.48 166,91 8.8 283,21 6.54791 000,662,2 605,23 3.41 489,2 8.19 200,02 8.8 835,31 0.6

5791 000,992,2 253,33 5.41 283,3 4.101 223,91 4.8 625,51 8.66791 057,143,2 048,43 9.41 528,3 8.901 281,91 2.8 070,61 9.67791 001,693,2 764,73 6.51 695,4 7.221 303,02 5.8 273,61 8.68791 000,274,2 469,83 8.51 972,5 5.531 550,12 5.8 569,61 9.69791 000,445,2 465,14 3.61 995,5 7.431 360,22 7.8 485,71 9.6

0891 501,336,2 190,34 4.61 063,6 6.741 400,32 7.8 267,71 7.61891 534,066,2 479,24 2.61 483,6 6.841 409,22 6.8 796,71 7.62891 581,656,2 210,14 4.51 484,6 1.851 681,42 1.9 297,61 3.63891 399,436,2 949,93 2.51 764,6 0.161 643,32 9.8 371,61 1.64891 000,066,2 635,93 9.41 168,6 5.371 470,32 7.8 136,51 9.5

5891 008,576,2 914,93 7.41 583,7 3.781 804,22 4.8 637,51 9.56891 005,956,2 058,83 6.41 999,7 9.502 510,22 3.8 477,51 9.57891 000,096,2 476,83 4.41 956,8 9.322 103,22 3.8 206,51 8.58891 000,147,2 058,93 5.41 773,9 3.532 704,32 5.8 881,51 5.59891 000,197,2 322,14 8.41 734,01 2.352 809,32 6.8 380,51 4.5

0991 000,748,2 038,24 0.51 420,11 4.752 843,52 9.8 437,51 5.51991 000,039,2 854,24 5.41 213,11 4.662 439,42 5.8 938,51 4.52991 000,979,2 149,14 1.41 013,11 7.962 668,42 3.8 760,61 4.53991 000,830,3 665,14 7.31 917,11 9.182 658,42 2.8 543,61 4.54991 000,280,3 238,14 6.31 700,21 0.782 491,52 2.8 448,51 1.5

5991 000,231,3 517,24 6.31 053,21 1.982 292,52 1.8 982,51 9.46991 000,181,3 546,34 7.31 449,21 6.692 518,52 1.8 449,41 7.47991 000,712,3 567,34 6.31 606,21 0.882 470,62 1.8 468,41 6.48991 055,762,3 822,54 8.31 154,31 6.792 424,52 8.7 432,51 7.49991 008,003,3 391,54 7.31 837,31 0.403 678,52 8.7 746,51 7.4

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Table

Table1 -3.Popu-l a -tion,LiveBirths,andbirthst oUn-mar-riedMorthersb ycountyo fResidnce,andMar-riagesandDis-so-l u -tionso fMar-riageb yCountyo fOc-cur-rence,Or-egon,1995

.3-1ELBATybsrehtoMdeirramnUotshtriBdna,shtriBeviL,noitalupoP

ybegairraMfosnoitulossiDdnasegairraMdna,ecnediseRfoytnuoC9991,nogerO,ecnerruccOfoytnuoC

ytnuoCdetamitsEnoitalupoP9991,1yluJ

shtriBeviLotshtriBdeirramnU

srehtoMsegairraM fosnoitulossiD

egairraM

.oN etaR .oN oitaR .oN etaR .oN etaR

latoT 008,003,3 391,54 7.31 837,31 0.403 678,52 8.7 746,51 7.4

rekaB 007,61 071 2.01§ 35 8.113 531 1.8 701 4.6§notneB 001,77 128 6.01§ 961 8.502§ 874 2.6§ 692 8.3§

samakcalC 058,623 701,4 6.21§ 569 0.532§ 459,2 0.9§ 564,1 5.4§postalC 057,43 673 8.01§ 231 1.153 714 0.21§ 461 7.4

aibmuloC 056,24 175 4.31 651 2.372 552 0.6§ 542 7.5§sooC 053,16 746 5.01§ 042 9.073§ 315 4.8 692 8.4

koorC 008,61 612 9.21 66 6.503 361 7.9§ 78 2.5yrruC 050,22 141 4.6§ 74 3.333 561 5.7 511 2.5

setuhcseD 007,601 613,1 3.21§ 833 8.652§ 879 2.9§ 026 8.5§salguoD 058,001 021,1 1.11§ 824 1.283§ 088 7.8§ 436 3.6§

mailliG 001,2 81 6.8 3 7.661 11 2.5 7 3.3tnarG 000,8 87 8.9§ 02 4.652 75 1.7 04 0.5

yenraH 006,7 29 1.21 62 6.282 55 2.7 94 4.6reviRdooH 007,91 833 2.71§ 84 0.241§ 672 0.41§ 75 9.2§

noskcaJ 055,471 970,2 9.11§ 556 1.513 583,1 9.7 730,1 9.5§nosreffeJ 056,71 792 8.61§ 611 6.093§ 751 9.8 26 5.3§enihpesoJ 004,37 238 3.11§ 423 4.983§ 306 2.8 784 6.6§

htamalK 003,26 318 0.31 582 6.053§ 464 4.7 662 3.4

ekaL 004,7 66 9.8§ 81 7.272 14 5.5§ 93 3.5enaL 007,513 257,3 9.11§ 742,1 4.233 534,2 7.7 417,1 4.5§

nlocniL 053,34 324 8.9§ 591 0.164§ 275 2.31§ 432 4.5nniL 000,301 854,1 2.41 474 1.523 287 6.7 184 7.4

ruehlaM 007,03 994 3.61§ 161 6.223 202 6.6§ 431 4.4noiraM 052,572 545,4 5.61§ 236,1 1.953§ 321,2 7.7 282,1 7.4

worroM 055,9 081 8.81§ 36 0.053 25 4.5§ 33 5.3hamontluM 058,646 212,9 2.41§ 191,3 4.643§ 893,5 3.8§ 055,2 9.3§

kloP 001,06 156 8.01§ 981 3.092 653 9.5§ 691 3.3§namrehS 009,1 61 4.8 4 0.052 8 2.4 3 6.1§koomalliT 001,42 512 9.8§ 27 9.433 422 3.9§ 501 4.4

allitamU 000,86 231,1 6.61§ 293 3.643§ 384 1.7§ 823 8.4

noinU 005,42 313 8.21 59 5.303 102 2.8 98 6.3§awollaW 002,7 95 2.8§ 51 2.452 87 8.01§ 23 4.4

ocsaW 056,22 382 5.21 78 4.703 332 3.01§ 401 6.4notgnihsaW 057,404 001,7 5.71§ 074,1 0.702§ 401,2 2.5§ 418,1 5.4§

releehW 006,1 21 5.7§ 4 3.333 9 6.5 7 4.4llihmaY 001,38 542,1 0.51§ 853 6.782 726 5.7 734 3.5§

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Quick Reference 1-7

Table 1-4.P o p u l a t i o nand Births byCity ofR e s i d n c e ,Oreogn, 1995

.4-1ELBAT9991,nogerO,ecnediseRfoytiCybshtriBdnanoitalupoP

ecnediseRfoytiCdetamitsEnoitalupoP9991,1yluJ

shtriB

rebmuN etaR

)notneB,nniL(ynablA 010,04 276 8.61)noskcaJ(dnalhsA 094,91 051 7.7)rekaB(ytiCrekaB 551,01 121 9.11

)notgnihsaW(notrevaeB 010,86 686,1 8.42)setuhcseD(dneB 056,05 666 1.31)samakcalC(ybnaC 595,21 512 1.71

)noskcaJ(tnioPlartneC 007,11 081 4.51)sooC(yaBsooC 036,51 942 9.51

)notneB(sillavroC 088,05 135 4.01)kloP(sallaD 078,21 571 6.31

)enaL(eneguE 094,631 927,1 7.21)notgnihsaW(evorGtseroF 572,61 272 7.61

)samakcalC(enotsdalG 596,11 251 0.31)enihpesoJ(ssaPstnarG 539,02 793 0.91

)hamontluM(mahserG 534,58 964,1 2.71)allitamU(notsimreH 561,21 082 0.32

)notgnihsaW(orobslliH 076,96 813,1 9.81)noiraM(rezieK 062,03 344 6.41

)htamalK(sllaFhtamalK 060,91 133 4.71)noinU(ednarGaL 588,21 402 8.51

)hamontluM()samakcalC(ogewsOekaL)notgnihsaW(

011,43 833 9.9

)nniL(nonabeL 016,21 912 4.71)llihmaY(ellivnniMcM 024,42 764 1.91

)noskcaJ(drodeM 099,95 589 4.61

)samakcalC(eikuawliM 570,02 047 9.63)llihmaY(grebweN 056,71 213 7.71

)nlocniL(tropweN 092,01 211 9.01)ruehlaM(oiratnO 019,01 542 5.22

)samakcalC(ytiCnogerO 504,32 115 8.12)allitamU(noteldneP 571,71 242 1.41

)hamontluM()samakcalC(dnaltroP)notgnihsaW(

593,215 771,7 0.41

)setuhcseD(dnomdeR 018,21 632 4.71)salguoD(grubesoR 094,02 463 8.71

)kloP()noiraM(melaS 595,821 676,2 8.02)enaL(dleifgnirpS 549,25 310,1 1.91

)ocsaW(sellaDehT 088,11 002 8.61

)notgnihsaW(dragiT 076,73 578 2.32)hamontluM(eladtuorT 571,41 542 3.71

)notgnihsaW()samakcalC(nitalauT 543,12 443 1.61)samakcalC(nniLtseW 538,22 252 0.11

)notgnihsaW()samakcalC(ellivnosliW 589,21 712 7.61)noiraM(nrubdooW 058,61 714 7.42

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0891 4.05 8.087 5.5 0.85 2.53 4.141891 5.84 6.577 9.8 1.36 6.83 0.342891 2.94 3.967 2.11 3.07 0.14 0.843891 0.05 3.577 3.11 5.66 5.83 9.444891 5.15 5.177 0.11 2.86 1.14 2.64

5891 3.15 0.257 1.21 9.27 7.34 5.746891 3.15 7.837 7.11 3.38 1.25 6.457891 0.45 8.637 5.61 2.68 3.05 5.858891 6.25 8.837 8.31 6.38 9.94 7.459891 2.25 7.057 0.21 2.37 9.24 7.84

0991 1.05 1.757 7.01 0.07 4.34 1.541991 2.94 2.867 7.8 0.16 4.73 6.832991 8.15 0.787 2.8 6.25 4.13 0.433991 5.25 6.497 6.7 7.15 4.03 8.334991 0.35 9.097 5.8 8.75 3.43 4.63

5991 9.45 7.787 6.8 4.85 7.43 2.836991 5.35 3.997 1.7 7.35 7.13 8.437991 0.55 2.118 7.6 0.05 6.92 3.238991 7.35 2.708 2.7 5.35 7.03 3.539991 9.35 9.908 3.7 7.35 6.92 7.53

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0891 4.86 6.367 5.31 2.78 1.83 4.961891 1.86 5.367 1.41 1.78 4.83 6.862891 5.76 3.957 9.51 8.09 9.93 9.173891 2.86 6.067 0.71 7.88 7.93 9.964891 2.76 5.467 1.71 8.78 4.93 7.86

5891 5.76 1.367 0.71 0.88 6.04 6.766891 1.86 4.067 3.91 6.98 1.14 4.867891 0.96 0.067 1.02 5.09 8.14 8.868891 3.96 5.067 8.81 4.09 1.24 4.869891 5.07 5.457 8.12 3.69 7.24 6.47

0991 7.96 3.857 8.91 3.19 1.14 4.071991 2.17 5.267 1.91 7.68 6.83 6.662991 8.07 5.777 3.71 6.87 5.43 6.063991 2.27 0.987 0.61 7.27 4.23 2.554991 8.27 2.208 6.31 9.66 4.03 4.05

5991 2.37 7.218 3.21 0.36 2.03 7.646991 9.37 6.818 8.11 5.06 2.82 7.447991 1.57 3.528 2.21 1.85 0.72 5.448991 0.67 3.828 9.11 9.75 0.72 1.44*9991 0.67 0.238 2.11 3.65 8.52 4.34

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lativlanoitaN.9991rofatadlaniF:shtriB.EBnotlimaH,FrekcaneM,CSnitruC,AJnitraM,JSarutneV*.1002.scitsitatShtlaeHrofretneClanoitaN:dnalyraM,ellivsttayH.1on94lov;stroperscitsitats

Natality

Oregon�s crudebirth rate and

fertility rate bothremain below the

national rates.

NATALITYIn 1999, Oregon recorded 45,193 resident births. There

were 35 fewer resident births than in 1998 and the crudebirth rate decreased slightly, from 13.8 to 13.7 per 1,000population. [Table 1-2]. Oregon�s crude birth rate (the num-ber of babies born divided by the total state population)peaked in 1947 at 25.4 per 1,000 population. For the pastthirty years however, Oregon�s rates have held in the mid-teens, ranging from a high of 16.4 in 1980 to a low of 13.6 in1994, 1995 and 1997. Except for the period between 1976 and1981, Oregon�s crude birth rate has remained lower than thenational rate. In 1999, Oregon�s rate was 5.5 percent lowerthan the nation�s (13.7 vs. 14.5). [Figure 1-1].

Oregon�s fertility rate remained at 64.2 per 1,000 womenage 15-44. [See sidebar, Table 2-2]. The fertility rate is basedon the number of births per 1,000 women age 15-44. Thefertility rate is a more precise measurement of changes inbehavioral patterns because it consists only of women whoare of childbearing age while the crude rate is based on theentire population. Age-specific birth rates increased forwomen over age 30 and decreased for women age 15-29. Thelargest percentage increase in birth rates was amongwomen age 40-44 (8.8%). The largest percentage decreasewas among women age 15-19 (3.5%). [Table 2-2, Figure 2-1].The two youngest mothers in 1999 were 13 years old; theoldest was 51. [See the Teen Pregnancy section of this reportfor detailed information on births and pregnancies amongwomen less than twenty years of age.]

LOW BIRTHWEIGHTNational Healthy People 2000 Objective:Reduce low birthweight to an incidence of no more than 5.0percent of live births.Percentage of Oregon low birthweight births, 1999: 5.4

Of the thousands of infants born each year, not all thriveand become healthy adults. Low birthweight is the majorpredictor of infant death, which in turn is a fundamentalmeasure of the health of a population. Infants with lowbirthweight are more likely to need extensive medicaltreatment and to have lifelong disabling conditions. (Formore information, see the Fetal and Infant Mortality sectionpublished in Volume 2 of the Oregon Vital Statistics AnnualReport.). The low birthweight rate is the proportion of infantswho weigh less than 2,500 grams (5.5 pounds) at birth.

In 1999, there were 2,436 low birthweight babies born toOregon mothers. [Table 2-25]. One of the National PublicHealth Service Year 2000 Objectives is to reduce thepercentage of low birthweight infants nationwide to 5.0percent. In 1999, the percentage of low birthweight births in

selameF000,1rePsetaRytilitreF.S.U.svnogerO,44-51

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0891 3.96 4.861891 1.86 4.762891 2.56 3.763891 1.46 8.564891 8.26 4.56

5891 2.26 2.666891 8.16 4.567891 9.06 7.568891 8.16 2.769891 3.36 2.86

0991 1.56 1.171991 7.36 6.962991 5.26 3.963991 1.16 6.764991 0.16 8.56

5991 3.26 6.566991 2.36 3.567991 0.36 0.568991 2.46 6.569991 2.46 9.56

Natality 2-3

Oregon remained slightly above the objective at 5.4 percent,or 53.9 per 1,000 live births. This rate is slightly higher thanthe 1998 figure of 53.7, but the rate has fluctuated relativelylittle over the last twenty years. [Table 1-6; Figure 2-2]. Thelowest rate was recorded in 1981 (48.5) and the highest in1975 (56.6). Oregon�s low birthweight rates are typically 25percent lower than the U.S. national rate. In 1999, Oregon�srate was 29 percent lower than the national rate.

RISK FACTORSMajor factors contributing to the risk of having a low

birthweight baby are multiple births, tobacco use and chronichypertension. Other factors include: non-white race ofmother, mother�s age (younger than 18 or 35 and older), lackof prenatal care, low income, single marital status, aprevious fetal or infant death, low maternal education, andshort spacing between births. As an example of risk factors,women over age 35 have the second-highest rate of firsttrimester care (85.2%) and the lowest rate of inadequateprenatal care (4.4%). (Table 2-15). Nevertheless, womenover age 40 continue to have a higher percentage of lowbirthweight babies. [Table 2-26]. In 1999, most women(64.1%) had at least one risk factor for their pregnancy.Statewide over fifteen percent of the women had three ormore risk factors. [Table 2-21; Table 2-22]. The percentageof births with three or more risk factors had a broad rangeamong counties, from 5.6% in Gilliam to 34.7% in Jefferson.The prevalance of specific risk factors by county is reportedin Table 2-19.

There were 2,436low birthweightbabies born to

Oregon mothersin 1999.


PRENATAL CAREOregon Benchmark for the Year 2000:Percentage of infants whose mothers received prenatal carebeginning in the first trimester.

Year 2000 Goal: 90 percent1999: 81 percent

Public health services and private care providers seek tominimize the risk of death and disability, and to reduce costsassociated with low birthweight infants by providing compre-hensive prenatal care. Two ways to measure prenatal careare: 1) �inadequate prenatal care,� defined as no care untilthe third trimester or fewer than five prenatal visits; and 2)�first trimester care,� defined as care beginning during thefirst three months of pregnancy, regardless of the numberof total prenatal visits. First trimester care has been adoptedas an Oregon Benchmark with a goal to ensure that at least90 percent of pregnant women begin prenatal care in the firstthree months. Overall, 81 percent of women who gave birthduring 1999 received early prenatal care. [Table 2-13; Figure2-3]. This is a slight increase over the 1998 rate andcontinues the upward trend in Oregon. [Table 1-6].

In 1999, five percent of women giving birth receivedinadequate prenatal care and nineteen percent received nofirst trimester care. Women who received inadequate prena-tal care were twice as likely to give birth to a low birthweightchild as those who received adequate prenatal care. [Table2-12]. The proportion that received no prenatal care or thirdtrimester care only remained about the same as previousyears (0.7% and 3.0% respectively). [Figure 2-4]. Inadequateor no prenatal care is frequently associated with other riskfactors. Women who received inadequate prenatal care were

Natality 2-5

four times as likely to have three or more risk factorsindicated in their pregnancy than women who receivedadequate prenatal care (64.7% vs. 15.7%). Age, maritalstatus, education and race/ethnicity continue to showimportant differences in accessing prenatal care. [Tables 2-15, 2-14, 2-11, 2-10]. Six of Oregon�s 36 counties had firsttrimester care rates significantly lower than the statewiderate: Coos, Jefferson, Malheur, Marion, Morrow and Umatilla.Washington County was the only county that had a ratesignificantly higher than the statewide rate. [Table 2-13].(See Appendix B: Technical Notes for information on statis-tical significance.)

MATERNAL EDUCATIONMother�s level of education was closely related to pat-

terns for prenatal care. Women with less than a high schooleducation were least likely to obtain first trimester prenatalcare, while those who had college degrees or higher weremost likely to have first trimester care. (See sidebar andTable 2-11).

MATERNAL RACE/ETHNICITYBirth rates for racial and ethnic groups are not calculated

in this report because precise population data by racial andethnic group are available only for census years. Instead thisreport focuses on the race and ethnicity of women who gavebirth as a proportion of total births. Since 1989, the numberof births to women of Hispanic ethnicity has more thantripled to 15.4 percent of total births. [Table 2-4]. From 1981to 1988, �Hispanic� was a race category on the birth certifi-

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cate. Since 1989, information regarding Hispanic ethnicityis reported separately from race. This change addressed thecomplexity of race and ethnicity and increased the accuracywhen self-reporting. The number of resident births to whitewomen (Hispanic and non-Hispanic) has increased 7.7percent since 1989; After several years of increased num-bers of births, births to African American and AmericanIndian women both decreased slightly in 1999. [Table 2-4;Figure 2-5].

American Indians and White Hispanics were far morelikely to receive inadequate prenatal care than other groups.Chinese women were least likely to receive inadequate care(1.5%) and had the lowest percentages in five of the remain-

Natality 2-7

ing seven risk categories. [Table 2-10; 2-20]. AmericanIndians had the highest proportion of risk factors with morethan ten percent of mothers at risk in six of the eight riskfactor categories.

MARITAL STATUS OF MOTHERTraditionally, unmarried women as a group have had

poorer birth outcomes than married women. They generallyhave a greater proportion of babies with low birthweight andlow Apgar scores than do their married counterparts. (Table2-27, Table 2-14). Their infants are also more likely torequire neonatal intensive care, to have congenital anoma-lies, or to die before age one. Between 1973 and 1993, theratio of births to unmarried mothers tripled in Oregon. Sincethe mid-1990s, the ratio has stabilized. [Table 1-2, Figure 2-6]. While there hasn�t been a matching increase in lowbirthweight rates and other indicators of health, the dispar-ity in birth outcomes between married and unmarriedwomen continues.

In 1999, 30.4 percent of all Oregon births were tounmarried women, an increase of 2.0 percent from theprevious year. [Table 1-2]. Oregon has consistently hadlower non-marital birth rates than the nation; Oregon�s ratein 1999 was 7.9 percent lower. [Figure 2-6]. Among womengiving birth in 1999, the percentage of women who wereunmarried varied widely by ethnic and racial group (seesidebar). African American women had the highest rate ofnon-marital births (63.0%), followed by American Indianwomen (58.8%), and Hispanic women (39.6%). Japanesewomen (8.4%) and Chinese women (5.6%) were least likelyto be unmarried. (Table 2-20). Young mothers were alsolikely to be unmarried since persons younger than age 17cannot be married in Oregon. More than three-fourths of theteens age 15-19 who gave birth in 1999 were unmarried(76.2%). This percentage decreased to 40.7 percent forwomen age 20-24 and to 20.3 percent for women age 25-29.Mothers age 30-39 were least likely to be unmarried (13.3%),while 15.5% of mothers age 40 and older were unmarried.(Table 2-3).

Ten of Oregon�s 36 counties had proportions of non-marital births that were statistically significantly higherthan the state average. (Table 2-7). Among counties withstatistically significant differences, Lincoln had the highestpercentage (46.1%) followed by Jefferson (39.1%) andJosephine (38.9%). Five Oregon counties had percentages ofnon-marital births that were significantly lower than thestate average. The lowest was in Hood River County (14.2%).A county�s non-marital birth proportion should be viewed inpart as a function of its own specific population mix, espe-cially age and race. Variations in population compositionamong counties will likely result in significant differencesin non-marital births.

Women whosmoked had a lowbirthweight rate of

77.5 per 1,000.

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REPORTED SUBSTANCE USE DURINGPREGNANCY

TOBACCOOregon Benchmark for the Year 2000:Percentage of infants whose mothers did not use tobacco duringpregnancy(self-reported).


Women who smoke when pregnant have a far higherincidence of low birthweight babies than nonsmokers. In1999, women who smoked had a low birthweight rate of 77.5per 1,000 live births, compared to 49.1 per 1,000 amongwomen who did not smoke. Less than one out of six mothers(14.5%) reported using tobacco during pregnancy, a propor-tion that has declined by 18.5% since 1995 and 4.6% since1998. [Table 2-18]. Unmarried women were over three timesmore likely to smoke than married women (29.1% vs. 8.2%).For unmarried women, the smoking rate was highest amongwomen age 30-34 (34.3%), while for married women thelowest smoking prevalence rates were for women age 30-34and age 40 and older (both 5.3%). [Figure 2-7]. Smokingprevalence as reported on birth certificates also variedamong racial and ethnic groups. In 1999, American Indianwomen (26.2%) and African American women (16.4%) hadthe highest reported proportions for smoking during preg-nancy, while Chinese women reported the lowest (none).[Table 2-20].

Natality 2-9

ALCOHOL AND ILLICIT DRUGSOregon Benchmark for the Year 2000:Percentage of infants whose mothers did not use alcohol duringpregnancy(self-reported).


Used during pregnancy, alcohol can cause deformity,mental retardation, and other severe developmental prob-lems. Based on birth certificate data, 1.9 percent of Oregonmothers (824 women) drank alcohol during pregnancy in1999. Although this represents a 63 percent decline from1990, when 5.2 percent of mothers reported alcohol use, itis an increase of 18.8 percent since 1998 when 1.6 percentof mothers reported using alcohol. Hawaiian women (6.1%)and American Indian women (6.0%) were most likely to havereported using alcohol during pregnancy. Chinese womenand Filipino women reported no alcohol use during preg-nancy. [Table 2-20].

Oregon also records information on use of illicit drugsduring pregnancy including heroin, cocaine, marijuana andmethamphetamine. In 1999, illicit drugs were mentioned in1 percent of resident births. [Table 2-18]. Although this is asmall percentage, it is a 41 percent increase from 1998(0.7%) and follows a three-year decline.

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BIRTH ATTENDANT

HOSPITAL BIRTHSA major shift over the past few years has been the

increasing prevalence of births attended by Certified NurseMidwives (CNM). In 1999 13.7 percent of hospital deliverieswere CNM-attended, only a slight increase from 1998, butmore than twice the proportion in 1988 (5.8%). Most in-hospital births (82.0%) were delivered by MDs, a slightlylower proportion than in 1998. [Table 2-23].

OUT-OF-HOSPITAL BIRTHSIn 1999, 2.1 percent of Oregon births occurred out-of-

hospital. Oregon generally has a higher proportion of out-of-hospital births than the U.S. as a whole. In 1998 (last U.S.data available), Oregon�s proportion of out-of-hospital birthswas double that of the U.S. (2.0% vs. 1.0%). Outcomes havegenerally been positive for out-of-hospital births, which mayreflect the screening process used by out-of-hospital provid-ers. Women who delivered out of hospital were generally nothigh-risk patients. In 1999, only 17 infants born out-of-hospital in Oregon had low birthweights (1.8%). Twelveinfants (1.4%) were reported to have a congenital anomaly,which is slightly higher than the percentage for in-hospitalbirths (1.2%). The type of attendant varied by birth setting.Licensed Direct Entry Midwives (LDEM) were predominantin out-of-hospital births, delivering over one-third (37.6%) ofthose births in 1999. LDEMs are lay midwives who havevolunteered for state licensure to provide natality care forOregon women. In addition, Certified Nurse Midwives deliv-ered one in six out-of-hospital births (17.3%), and naturo-pathic physicians delivered one in nine (11.3%). Non-medi-cal attendants, including non-licensed lay midwives, deliv-ered 304 babies, 32.1 percent of the out-of-hospital births.[Table 2-23].

SOURCE OF PAYMENTPrimary source of payment for delivery is noted on Oregon

birth certificates under four categories: 1) private insur-ance, 2) self-pay (no insurance), 3) public insurance (Med-icaid/Oregon Health Plan), and 4) other public insurance.The specific type of private insurance coverage is not de-fined. Multiple payment sources can be indicated. Privateinsurance companies paid for the majority of deliveries inOregon (61.1%), down slightly from 62.2 percent in 1998 (seesidebar). Medicaid programs (e.g. the Oregon Health Plan)paid for slightly less than one-third of Oregon resident births(32.4%). Delivery costs were more likely to be paid for bypublic insurance if the woman was unmarried or under age18. [Table 2-17].

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5791 2.74 4.211 6.111 0.74 4.41 8.2 5.46 0.776,16791 6.84 0.411 5.811 5.25 2.51 1.3 4.76 3.957,17791 4.74 3.611 9.411 0.55 8.51 9.2 7.76 8.067,18791 3.94 1.511 3.111 8.65 1.61 8.2 3.76 5.757,19791 8.84 1.711 7.411 0.16 9.61 0.3 0.96 0.808,1

0891 9.05 3.421 9.211 8.75 2.71 8.2 3.96 5.928,11891 5.15 3.121 8.211 3.95 6.61 0.3 1.86 5.228,12891 7.54 1.911 1.901 3.06 6.81 3.3 2.56 6.087,13891 8.24 0.411 8.011 7.46 7.91 3.3 1.46 6.677,14891 5.24 0.801 0.111 4.66 2.12 1.3 8.26 6.167,1

5891 8.24 2.111 8.011 6.56 2.12 4.3 2.26 2.577,16891 3.24 5.501 7.211 5.96 9.22 9.3 8.16 0.487,17891 4.64 1.901 1.901 3.66 4.42 0.4 9.06 5.697,18891 7.64 1.111 5.111 5.96 7.52 8.4 8.16 5.648,19891 8.94 6.801 9.311 9.47 8.72 0.5 3.36 0.009,1

0991 5.45 5.711 2.811 5.57 8.82 3.5 1.56 0.999,11991 2.55 5.711 6.911 6.37 9.92 4.5 7.36 0.600,22991 7.35 5.311 2.811 3.86 9.82 5.7 5.26 5.059,13991 3.15 5.901 0.411 0.57 0.03 3.6 1.16 5.039,14991 3.15 0.501 4.511 5.87 2.03 0.6 0.16 0.239,1

5991 2.25 1.901 6.121 9.97 2.13 4.6 3.26 0.100,26991 4.25 7.011 7.121 2.28 5.23 3.6 2.36 0.920,27991 8.74 1.801 8.321 0.38 9.33 9.6 0.36 2.710,28991 3.84 0.911 6.421 4.18 6.43 8.6 2.46 3.470,29991 6.64 3.611 3.221 4.48 2.53 4.7 2.46 0.160,2

tonera44revoro51rednusrehtomotshtriB.puorgegacificepsehtnihtiwnoitalupopelamef000,1reperasetaR*.etaRytilitreFlatoTfonoitinifedrofnoitcessetoNlacinhceTeeS.dedulcni

Natality 2-13

.3-2ELBATdeirramnUotshtriBtnediseRnogerOfoegatnecreP

9991-0791,rehtoMfoegAyb,srehtoM

raeYpuorGegAybtnecreP

91-51 42-02 92-52 43-03 93-53 44-04

0791 7.52 3.6 6.2 7.2 7.3 6.41791 4.42 0.6 6.2 2.2 1.3 3.42791 8.42 0.8 5.2 3.2 8.3 0.43791 0.62 4.6 8.2 6.2 4.3 5.54791 9.72 7.7 1.3 1.3 7.2 9.6

5791 3.03 8.8 0.4 8.3 7.5 0.66791 8.33 6.9 4.4 5.3 5.5 2.77791 8.73 8.11 2.5 1.4 6.5 6.48791 3.04 7.31 8.5 5.4 3.6 4.39791 5.93 0.41 4.6 5.5 5.6 2.6

0891 4.34 3.51 5.7 6.5 0.8 3.41891 4.34 1.61 8.7 7.5 0.6 7.82891 3.74 9.71 5.8 6.6 7.6 5.93891 0.05 7.81 1.9 8.6 8.7 4.74891 7.25 9.02 1.01 8.6 0.8 7.31

5891 6.65 0.32 1.11 0.8 5.8 3.016891 5.95 8.52 0.31 3.8 2.9 2.97891 3.16 7.82 1.41 7.9 3.01 8.018891 0.36 3.03 5.51 3.01 2.11 9.119891 6.56 6.23 4.61 6.11 3.11 7.31

0991 2.76 0.33 6.61 2.21 2.11 6.111991 7.86 6.43 3.71 2.21 9.01 0.512991 1.07 8.43 2.71 2.21 7.11 0.313991 6.27 7.63 3.81 0.31 4.11 4.414991 0.47 5.73 2.81 0.31 3.21 0.41

5991 9.37 6.83 5.71 4.31 8.21 4.216991 1.47 1.93 6.81 3.31 1.41 8.417991 7.37 4.83 3.81 9.21 1.41 1.418991 6.57 5.93 5.91 9.21 1.31 9.519991 2.67 7.04 3.02 3.31 0.41 5.51


.5-2ELBAT9991,¹stnediseRnogerO,spuorGegAdnaemoctuOfoepyTybseicnangerPlatoT

emoctuOfoepyT latoTrehtoMfoegA

51< 91-51 42-02 92-52 43-03 93-53 44-04 +54 .S.N

latoT 455,95 451 474,8 774,61 937,51 793,11 228,5 273,1 79 22

shtriBeviL 391,54 68 194,5 698,11 306,21 954,9 575,4 510,1 56 3tnecreP 9.57 8.55 8.46 2.27 1.08 0.38 6.87 0.47 0.76 6.31

shtaeDlateF 612 - 52 26 65 74 51 9 - 2tnecreP 4.0 - 3.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.0 7.0 - 1.9

snoitrobAdecudnI 541,41 86 859,2 915,4 080,3 198,1 232,1 843 23 71tnecreP 8.32 2.44 9.43 4.72 6.91 6.61 2.12 4.52 0.33 3.77

ohwstnedisernogerOforebmunehttahtsemussaetamitsE.ylnoecnerrucconogerOybelbaliavaeraatadnoitrobadecudnI¹.nogerOninoitrobananiatboohwstnediseretats-fo-tuoforebmunehtslauqenoitrobananiatbootetatsehtedistuolevart


.gnidnuoroteud001otddatonyamstnecreP

.orezsiytitnauQ-

.4-2ELBAT9991-4791,nogerO,rehtoMfoecaRybshtriBtnediseR

raeY latoT etihW nacirfAnaciremA naidnI esenihC esenapaJ &rehtO

nwonknU cinapsiH

4791 605,23 805,13 965 143 66 08 342 *5791 253,33 019,13 416 983 18 08 872 *6791 048,43 963,33 685 653 88 18 043 *7791 764,73 348,53 396 453 58 49 893 *8791 469,83 791,73 157 473 68 49 264 *9791 465,14 326,93 667 624 511 09 445 *

0891 190,34 787,04 297 574 041 69 108 *1891 479,24 803,93 347 084 121 211 460,1 641,12891 210,14 553,73 377 864 651 131 149 881,13891 949,93 456,63 577 684 141 401 347 640,14891 635,93 641,63 527 794 841 401 077 641,1

5891 914,93 778,53 487 915 141 921 547 422,16891 058,83 091,53 557 425 361 921 867 123,17891 476,83 477,43 618 845 871 021 267 674,18891 058,93 145,53 888 695 102 521 568 436,19891 322,14 492,83 509 507 222 051 749 332,2

0991 038,24 808,93 719 547 032 261 869 969,21991 854,24 804,93 669 356 222 521 480,1 872,32991 149,14 378,83 559 566 132 221 590,1 945,33991 665,14 595,83 198 075 212 601 291,1 400,44991 238,14 327,83 449 126 312 79 432,1 863,4

5991 517,24 665,93 278 826 222 011 713,1 699,46991 546,34 663,04 298 176 691 211 804,1 554,57991 567,34 231,04 239 147 612 831 606,1 158,58991 822,54 094,14 669 257 161 101 857,1 994,69991 391,54 532,14 998 107 891 551 500,2 209,6

.elbaliavatonataD*

ecarasadedrocersawcinapsiH,8891dna1891neewteB.dedrocererewyticinhteronecarcinapsiHrehtien,1891erofeB:ETONlaicarllanidedulcnierasrehtomcinapsiHdnaecarmorfyletarapesdedrocerneebsahyticinhtecinapsiH,9891ecniS.yrogetac

.seirogetac

Natality 2-15

.6-2ELBATdna,ecaR,nigirOcinapsiHlanretaMybshtriBtnediseR

9991,nogerO,ecnediseRfoytnuoC

foytnuoCecnediseR

latoTshtriB

cinapsiH cinapsiH-noN

latoT etihW rehtO etihWnacirfAnaciremA

naidnIrehtOsecaR

shtriBlatoT 391,54 209,6 408,6 89 122,43 778 456 361,2

rekaB 071 6 6 - 361 - 1 -notneB 128 56 56 - 876 9 11 75

samakcalC 701,4 383 573 8 274,3 33 83 561postalC 673 04 93 1 823 1 3 3

aibmuloC 175 01 01 - 835 - 7 01sooC 746 63 53 1 775 2 12 01

koorC 612 61 61 - 391 - 5 2yrruC 141 7 7 - 521 1 6 1

setuhcseD 613,1 57 47 1 702,1 5 11 81salguoD 021,1 46 75 7 020,1 3 91 31

mailliG 81 2 2 - 61 - - -tnarG 87 1 1 - 77 - - -

yenraH 29 4 4 - 97 - 5 3reviRdooH 833 241 241 - 291 1 - 2

noskcaJ 970,2 082 772 3 617,1 41 32 93nosreffeJ 792 59 68 9 811 - 18 1enihpesoJ 238 26 26 - 547 3 01 01

htamalK 318 711 111 6 436 7 14 41

ekaL 66 7 7 - 85 - 1 -enaL 257,3 742 242 5 441,3 83 04 801

nlocniL 324 05 05 - 253 1 71 3nniL 854,1 101 001 1 692,1 - 82 62

ruehlaM 994 502 302 2 382 3 3 4noiraM 545,4 463,1 153,1 31 988,2 92 74 641

worroM 081 08 97 1 79 - 3 -hamontluM 212,9 603,1 082,1 62 503,6 756 001 497

kloP 156 201 101 1 715 - 9 31namrehS 61 1 1 - 51 - - -koomalliT 512 62 62 - 381 - 3 3

allitamU 231,1 213 013 2 547 5 35 31

noinU 313 8 7 1 392 - 3 9awollaW 95 - - - 95 - - -

ocsaW 382 16 06 1 012 - 8 3notgnihsaW 001,7 283,1 473,1 8 819,4 56 34 776

releehW 21 2 2 - 01 - - -llihmaY 542,1 342 242 1 969 - 41 61

orezsiytitnauQ- .

.yticinhtenwonknufoesuaceblatotehtlauqetonyamstesbusehtfomusehT:etoN


.7-2ELBATfoytnuoCybsrehtoMdeirramnUotshtriB

9991,nogerO,ecnediseR

foytnuoCecnediseR

latoTshtriB

rebmuNdeirramnU

etaR¹deirramnU

latoT 391,54 837,31 0.403

rekaB 071 35 8.113notneB 128 961 8.502§

samakcalC 701,4 569 0.532§postalC 673 231 1.153

aibmuloC 175 651 2.372sooC 746 042 9.073§

koorC 612 66 6.503yrruC 141 74 3.333

setuhcseD 613,1 833 8.652§salguoD 021,1 824 1.283§

mailliG 81 3 7.661tnarG 87 02 4.652

yenraH 29 62 6.282reviRdooH 833 84 0.241§

noskcaJ 970,2 556 1.513nosreffeJ 792 611 6.093§enihpesoJ 238 423 4.983§

htamalK 318 582 6.053§

ekaL 66 81 7.272enaL 257,3 742,1 4.233§

nlocniL 324 591 0.164§nniL 854,1 474 1.523

ruehlaM 994 161 6.223noiraM 545,4 236,1 1.953§

worroM 081 36 0.053hamontluM 212,9 191,3 4.643§

kloP 156 981 3.092namrehS 61 4 0.052koomalliT 512 27 9.433

allitamU 231,1 293 3.643§

noinU 313 59 5.303awollaW 95 51 2.452

ocsaW 382 78 4.703notgnihsaW 001,7 074,1 0.702§

releehW 21 4 3.333llihmaY 542,1 853 6.782

.shtrib000,1repsetarllA¹

.etaretatsnahttnereffidyltnacifingissietaR§


.seulavnwonknudnagnissimgnidulcxedetaluclacerasetaR

Natality 2-17

.8-2ELBAT9991nogerO,ecnediseRfoytnuoCdnarehtoMfoegAybshtriBtnediseR

foytnuoCecnediseR

latoTshtriB

egAs'rehtoM51< 91-51 42-02 92-52 43-03 93-53 44-04 +54 .S.N

latoT 391,54 68 194,5 698,11 306,21 954,9 575,4 510,1 56 3

rekaB 071 1 23 94 34 33 01 2 - -notneB 128 - 55 202 812 612 401 52 1 -

samakcalC 701,4 1 563 089 211,1 389 635 321 7 -postalC 673 - 36 99 801 26 63 8 - -

aibmuloC 175 - 86 541 551 331 55 51 - -sooC 746 2 901 802 261 411 84 4 - -

koorC 612 1 03 37 57 52 11 1 - -yrruC 141 - 81 75 33 31 71 3 - -

setuhcseD 613,1 2 661 053 353 872 141 42 2 -salguoD 021,1 3 522 843 252 591 47 91 4 -

mailliG 81 - 0 4 9 3 1 1 - -tnarG 87 - 01 52 62 7 8 2 - -

yenraH 29 - 12 42 42 21 9 2 - -reviRdooH 833 - 03 89 48 18 63 8 1 -

noskcaJ 970,2 1 662 246 885 053 271 85 2 -nosreffeJ 792 3 16 69 67 54 41 1 1 -enihpesoJ 238 2 121 352 722 931 77 21 1 -

htamalK 318 1 431 952 022 821 45 61 1 -

ekaL 66 - 8 61 72 01 3 2 - -enaL 257,3 01 784 530,1 850,1 386 873 89 3 -

nlocniL 324 1 16 721 911 46 34 8 - -nniL 854,1 4 322 324 044 232 011 62 - -

ruehlaM 994 1 88 461 331 17 63 5 1 -noiraM 545,4 31 486 833,1 262,1 297 473 57 6 1

worroM 081 - 72 26 74 03 21 2 - -hamontluM 212,9 02 320,1 112,2 225,2 211,2 850,1 942 61 1

kloP 156 - 88 781 971 021 45 02 3 -namrehS 61 - - 8 4 4 - - - -koomalliT 512 1 83 26 26 43 61 2 - -

allitamU 231,1 7 791 123 823 581 77 51 2 -

noinU 313 1 35 611 97 23 82 4 - -awollaW 95 - 8 11 81 11 9 2 - -

ocsaW 382 - 24 98 67 35 81 5 - -notgnihsaW 001,7 8 125 854,1 041,2 469,1 648 251 11 -

releehW 21 - - 8 1 3 - - - -llihmaY 542,1 3 961 843 343 242 011 62 3 1

.orezsiytitnauQ-


.9-2ELBAT,ecnediseRfoytnuoCdnarehtoMfoegAybsrehtoMdeirramnUotshtriBtnediseR

9991,nogerO

foytnuoCecnediseR

latoTegAs'rehtoM

51< 91-51 42-02 92-52 43-03 93-53 44-04 +54 .S.N

latoT 837,31 38 481,4 748,4 755,2 452,1 246 751 21 2

rekaB 35 1 22 41 01 3 3 - - -notneB 961 - 64 56 13 31 11 2 1 -

samakcalC 569 1 572 653 381 29 05 8 - -postalC 231 - 74 83 33 21 1 1 - -

aibmuloC 651 - 05 55 32 71 9 2 - -sooC 042 2 08 68 04 42 8 - - -

koorC 66 1 71 12 81 6 3 - - -yrruC 74 - 51 02 4 2 5 1 - -

setuhcseD 833 2 111 211 15 73 32 2 - -salguoD 824 3 071 541 06 43 01 4 2 -

mailliG 3 - - 2 1 - - - - -tnarG 02 - 01 6 1 - 3 - - -

yenraH 62 - 21 8 1 2 2 1 - -reviRdooH 84 - 71 81 7 4 1 1 - -

noskcaJ 556 1 002 052 311 94 23 9 1 -nosreffeJ 611 3 44 04 81 8 3 - - -enihpesoJ 423 2 201 121 75 52 51 2 - -

htamalK 582 1 79 201 94 52 01 1 - -

ekaL 81 - 6 4 6 1 - 1 - -enaL 742,1 01 483 554 732 68 45 02 1 -

nlocniL 591 1 05 08 33 81 01 3 - -nniL 474 4 671 541 27 44 52 8 - -

ruehlaM 161 - 65 85 22 41 01 1 - -noiraM 236,1 21 825 755 703 041 56 12 1 1

worroM 36 - 12 03 9 2 1 - - -hamontluM 191,3 02 738 390,1 856 253 081 54 5 1

kloP 981 - 56 96 92 81 5 3 - -namrehS 4 - - 3 1 - - - - -koomalliT 27 1 82 72 21 2 2 - - -

allitamU 293 6 721 531 17 13 91 2 1 -

noinU 59 1 73 73 41 4 - 2 - -awollaW 51 - 5 5 3 1 1 - - -

ocsaW 78 - 63 33 01 7 1 - - -notgnihsaW 074,1 8 393 825 023 341 56 31 - -

releehW 4 - - 3 - 1 - - - -llihmaY 853 3 021 621 35 73 51 4 - -

.orezsiytitnauQ-

Natality 2-19

.01-2ELBAT9991,stnediseRnogerO,yticinhtEdnaecaRs'rehtoMyberaClatanerP

yticinhtE/ecaRs'rehtoMlatoTshtriB

tsriFeraCretsemirT

etauqedanI¹eraClatanerP

rebmuN tnecreP rebmuN tnecreP

ECAR

latoT 391,54 414,63 9.08 904,2 4.5etihW 532,14 573,33 3.18 331,2 2.5

naciremAnacirfA 998 086 0.67 94 5.5naidnI 107 964 3.76 87 3.11

esenihC 891 771 4.98 3 5.1esenapaJ 551 831 0.98 5 2.3naiiawaH 94 63 5.37 3 1.6

etihW-noNrehtO 81 21 7.66 1 6.5onipiliF 302 761 7.28 11 4.5

rednalsIcificaP&naisArehtO 855,1 932,1 0.08 501 8.6ecaRnwonknU 771 121 9.27 12 7.21

YTICINHTE/ECAR

cinapsiH 209,6 396,4 5.86 976 9.9etihW 408,6 426,4 5.86 476 0.01


esenapaJ 2 1 0.05 - -naiiawaH 2 2 0.001 - -

etihwnoNrehtO 21 01 3.38 - -onipiliF 01 01 0.001 - -

rednalsIcificaP&naisArehtO 5 3 0.57 1 0.52ecaRnwonknU 5 3 0.57 - -

cinapsiH-noN 519,73 044,13 2.38 496,1 5.4etihW 122,43 975,82 8.38 544,1 3.4


esenihC 891 771 4.98 3 5.1esenapaJ 351 731 5.98 5 3.3naiiawaH 74 43 3.27 3 4.6

etihwnoNrehtO 5 2 0.04 - -onipiliF 191 551 6.18 11 8.5

rednalsIcificaP&naisArehtO 055,1 432,1 1.08 401 8.6ecaRnwonknU 91 71 5.98 1 3.5

yticinhtEnwonknU 673 182 8.67 63 9.9

.orezsiytitnauQ-

.retsemirtdrihtehtninageberacrostisivlatanerpevifnahtsseL1


.seulavnwonknudnagnissimgnidulcxedetaluclacerasegatnecrepdnasetaR:ETON


.11-2ELBAT,noitacudEs'rehtoMyberaClatanerP


s'rehtoMnoitacudE)sraeyni(

latoTshtriB

tsriFeraCretsemirT

latanerPetauqedanI¹eraC


latoT 391,54 414,63 9.08 904,2 4.5enoN 201 25 0.25 42 0.42

enO 13 91 3.16 6 4.91owT 68 44 8.15 11 8.21

eerhT 991 021 3.06 23 1.61ruoF 261 701 5.66 12 1.31

eviF 461 301 0.46 51 3.9xiS 290,1 786 6.36 241 2.31

neveS 281 411 0.36 12 6.11thgiE 796 944 0.56 58 4.21

eniN 218,1 561,1 7.46 602 5.11neT 710,2 513,1 8.56 902 5.01

nevelE 365,2 047,1 2.86 222 7.8evlewT 318,41 127,11 4.97 428 6.5

neetrihT 470,4 654,3 0.58 451 8.3neetruoF 327,4 311,4 4.78 321 6.2

neetfiF 264,1 672,1 6.78 04 8.2neetxiS 862,6 438,5 3.39 68 4.1

+neetneveS 824,3 622,3 3.49 44 3.1nwonknU 813,1 378 8.76 441 4.11

.retsemirtdrihtehtninageberacrostisivlatanerpevifnahtsseL¹



.21-2ELBAT9991,stnediseRnogerO,thgiewhtriByberaClatanerP

thgiewhtriB)smargni(

latoTshtriB

tsriFeraCretsemirT



latoT 391,54 414,63 9.08 904,2 4.5sseLdna994 64 14 1.98 81 9.04

999-005 861 731 5.38 15 3.139941-0001 902 551 5.47 43 7.619991-0051 884 093 2.08 35 0.119942-0002 525,1 381,1 4.87 901 3.7

0052< 634,2 609,1 0.97 562 1.11

9992-0052 649,5 636,4 3.87 404 9.69943-0003 302,61 079,21 4.08 678 4.59993-0053 118,41 201,21 0.28 826 3.49944-0004 048,4 920,4 6.38 291 0.49994-0054 238 076 8.08 63 4.4

revO&0005 711 89 5.48 6 2.5nwonknU 8 3 0.06 2 0.04

.retsemirtdrihtehtninageberacrostisivlatanerpevifnahtsseL¹

.orezsiytitnauQ-



Natality 2-21

.31-2ELBAT,ecnediseRfoytnuoCs'rehtoMyberaClatanerP


foytnuoCecnediseR

latoTshtriB

tsriFeraCretsemirT

latanerPetauqedanI¹eraC


latoT 391,54 414,63 9.08 904,2 4.5

rekaB 071 141 9.28 2 2.1notneB 128 417 0.78 42 9.2

samakcalC 701,4 314,3 5.38 681 6.4§postalC 673 903 4.28 7 9.1

aibmuloC 175 964 6.28 62 6.4sooC 746 464 2.27§ 25 1.8

koorC 612 361 5.57 7 2.3yrruC 141 101 1.27 11 9.7

setuhcseD 613,1 990,1 5.38 93 0.3salguoD 021,1 549 5.48 74 2.4

mailliG 81 61 9.88 - -tnarG 87 85 4.47 4 1.5

yenraH 29 96 0.57 7 6.7reviRdooH 833 082 8.28 11 3.3

noskcaJ 970,2 846,1 9.97 701 2.5nosreffeJ 792 702 7.96§ 83 8.21§enihpesoJ 238 656 5.97 83 7.4

htamalK 318 606 0.57 34 4.5

ekaL 66 64 7.96 5 6.7enaL 257,3 439,2 3.87 432 2.6

nlocniL 324 543 5.28 82 7.6nniL 854,1 161,1 8.97 57 2.5

ruehlaM 994 753 3.27§ 92 9.5noiraM 545,4 633,3 1.47§ 414 3.9§

worroM 081 221 8.76§ 02 2.11hamontluM 212,9 423,7 9.97 365 2.6§

kloP 156 145 6.38 32 6.3namrehS 61 21 0.57 1 3.6koomalliT 512 581 0.68 7 3.3

allitamU 231,1 008 1.17§ 38 5.7

noinU 313 352 1.18 01 2.3awollaW 95 84 4.18 2 4.3

ocsaW 382 142 2.58 9 2.3notgnihsaW 001,7 943,6 6.98§ 791 8.2§

releehW 21 01 9.09 1 1.9llihmaY 542,1 299 1.08 95 8.4

.orezslauqestneveforebmuN-

.retsemirtdrihtehtninageberacrostisivlatanerp5nahtsseL¹

.etatsnahttnereffidyltnacifingissitnecreP§



.ytilaitnedifnochcaerbyamsrebmunllamsfognitroperdeliateD*


.41-2ELBAT,srehtoMdeirramnUrofytnuoCtnediseRyberaClatanerP


foytnuoCecnediseR latoT

tsriFeraCretsemirT



latoT 837,31 534,9 2.96 133,1 8.9

rekaB 35 44 0.38 - -notneB 961 821 7.57 21 1.7

samakcalC 569 896 0.37 48 8.8postalC 231 49 8.17 4 0.3

aibmuloC 651 701 9.96 31 7.8sooC 042 251 6.36 03 6.21

koorC 66 64 7.96 3 5.4yrruC 74 52 3.45 8 4.71

setuhcseD 833 832 4.07 22 5.6salguoD 824 423 1.67 92 8.6

mailliG 3 * * * *tnarG 02 31 0.56 3 0.51

yenraH 62 61 5.16 6 1.32reviRdooH 84 43 8.07 3 3.6

noskcaJ 556 244 0.86 66 2.01nosreffeJ 611 46 2.55 62 4.22enihpesoJ 423 822 5.17 22 0.7

htamalK 582 981 8.66 52 9.8

ekaL 81 8 4.44 - -enaL 742,1 818 8.56 431 8.01

nlocniL 591 441 4.57 91 1.01nniL 474 123 9.76 94 3.01

ruehlaM 161 19 0.85 31 2.8noiraM 236,1 920,1 0.46§ 812 7.31§

worroM 36 03 6.74 31 6.02hamontluM 191,3 622,2 3.07 123 2.01

kloP 981 331 7.07 41 6.7namrehS 4 * * * *koomalliT 27 35 6.37 4 6.5

allitamU 293 822 5.85§ 74 2.21

noinU 59 86 6.17 3 2.3awollaW 51 01 7.66 1 7.6

ocsaW 78 86 2.87 3 4.3notgnihsaW 074,1 711,1 2.67§ 701 3.7§

releehW 4 * * * *llihmaY 853 442 7.86 82 9.7


.retsemirtdrihtehtninageberacrostisivlatanerp5nahtsseL¹

.etatsnahttnereffidyltnacifingissitnecreP§

.elbailernuerastneve5nahtrewefnodesabsetaR:GNINRAW


Natality 2-23

.51-2ELBAT9991,stnediseRnogerO,egAs'rehtoMyberaClatanerP

egAs'rehtoMlatoTshtriB

tsriFeraCretsemirT



latoT 391,54 414,63 9.08 904,2 4.5

51< 68 43 0.04 81 9.0291-51 194,5 276,3 3.76 574 7.8

42-02 698,11 840,9 5.67 857 4.692-52 306,21 906,01 4.48 755 4.4

43-03 954,9 132,8 3.78 253 7.393-53 575,4 429,3 1.68 012 6.4

44-04 510,1 938 2.38 73 7.3+54 56 65 2.68 2 1.3

nwonknU 3 1 0.001 - -

.retsemirtdrihtehtninageberacrostisivlatanerpevifnahtsseL1



.61-2ELBAT9991,nogerO,redrOhtriBeviLdnarehtoMfoegAybshtriBtnediseR

htriBeviLredrO

latoTshtriB

rehtoMfoegA51< 91-51 42-02 92-52 43-03 93-53 44-04 +54 .S.N

latoT 391,54 68 194,5 698,11 306,21 954,9 575,4 510,1 56 3

tsriF 183,81 68 624,4 655,5 614,4 656,2 110,1 812 21 -dnoceS 027,41 - 929 492,4 883,4 943,3 264,1 282 41 2

drihT 342,7 - 511 855,1 634,2 539,1 979 802 21 -

htruoF 928,2 - 41 383 509 178 335 111 21 -htfiF 521,1 - 1 36 013 873 682 38 4 -htxiS 614 - - 01 77 251 041 43 3 -

htneveS 802 - - 5 63 46 96 33 1 -hthgiE 58 - - - 7 42 93 51 - -+htniN 79 - - - 3 51 74 52 7 -

nwonknU 98 - 6 72 52 51 9 6 - 1

.orezsiytitnauQ-


.71-2ELBAT,yrevileDroftnemyaPfodohteMybscitsiretcarahClanretaM

9991,shtriBtnediseRnogerO

scitsiretcarahClatoTshtriB

tnemyaPlaicnaniF-rusnI

ecnafleSyaP

diacideM*PHO/

rehtOcilbuP

.S.NelpitluMnoitneM

sutatSlatiraMdnaegAs'rehtoM

latoT 391,54 131,72 516,2 463,41 661 408 311deirraM 554,13 550,32 275,1 290,6 38 895 55deirramnU 837,31 670,4 340,1 272,8 38 602 85

81nahTsseL 288,1 185 751 670,1 02 63 21deirraM 991 55 22 111 3 7 1deirramnU 386,1 625 531 569 71 92 11

42-81 195,51 434,6 940,1 007,7 27 682 05deirraM 061,8 664,4 465 819,2 52 271 51deirramnU 134,7 869,1 584 287,4 74 411 53

43-52 260,22 147,51 551,1 376,4 06 593 83deirraM 152,81 894,41 897 435,2 64 643 92deirramnU 118,3 342,1 753 931,2 41 94 9

+53 556,5 573,4 452 319 41 68 31deirraM 448,4 630,4 881 925 9 27 01deirramnU 118 933 66 483 5 41 3

eraCretsemirTtsriFlatoT 414,63 013,42 905,1 108,9 111 695 78

deirraM 979,62 450,12 979 843,4 76 384 84deirramnU 534,9 652,3 035 354,5 44 311 93

tnecreP 9.08 9.98 4.85 6.86 9.66 2.67 0.77deirraM 0.68 5.19 7.26 6.17 7.08 3.28 3.78deirramnU 2.96 4.08 8.15 3.66 0.35 9.75 2.76

eraClatanerPetauqedanIlatoT 904,2 926 094 122,1 81 34 8

deirraM 870,1 783 832 924 3 02 1deirramnU 133,1 242 252 297 51 32 7

tnecreP 4.5 3.2 0.91 6.8 0.11 7.5 1.7deirraM 4.3 7.1 3.51 1.7 7.3 5.3 8.1deirramnU 8.9 0.6 6.42 7.9 3.81 2.21 1.21

esUoccaboToccaboTdesU 294,6 791,2 591 559,3 92 68 03occaboTdesUtnecreP 5.41 1.8 7.7 8.72 9.71 8.11 5.62

esUlohoclAlohoclAdesU 428 224 02 763 21 1 2

lohoclAdesUtnecreP 9.1 6.1 8.0 6.2 5.7 6.0 8.1thgiewhtriB

thgiewhtriBwoL 634,2 613,1 751 788 01 26 4thgiewhtriBwoLetaR 9.35 5.84 0.06 8.16 2.06 9.77 4.53

,egas'rehtomro/dnasutatslatiramnwonknufoesuaceblatotehtlauqetonyamstesbusehtfomusehT:ETONnwonknudnagnissimgnidulcxedetaluclacerasegatnecrepdnasetaR.elbatsihtnidetneserptonerahcihw

.seulav

.nalPhtlaeHnogerO=PHO*

Natality 2-25

.81-2ELBATfoytnuoCdna,occaboTro,lohoclA,secnatsbuSticillIfoesUdetropeRybshtriB


foytnuoCecnediseR

latoTshtriB

desUoccaboT desUlohoclA desUsgurDticillI

rebmuN % rebmuN % rebmuN %snoitneM

elgniS elpitluM

latoT 391,54 294,6 5.41 428 9.1 664 0.1 382 381

rekaB 071 15 2.03 2 2.1 2 2.1 2 -notneB 128 08 8.9 51 8.1 4 5.0 1 3

samakcalC 701,4 155 5.31 67 9.1 82 7.0 91 9postalC 673 97 1.12 3 8.0 9 4.2 3 6

aibmuloC 175 501 6.81 9 1.2 1 2.0 - 1sooC 746 471 0.72 41 2.2 42 7.3 11 31

koorC 612 54 8.02 5 3.2 - - - -yrruC 141 33 7.92 1 9.0 5 5.3 3 2

setuhcseD 613,1 661 7.21 71 3.1 - - - -salguoD 021,1 192 2.62 83 4.3 1 1.0 - 1

mailliG 81 3 7.61 2 1.11 - - - -tnarG 87 8 3.01 1 3.1 - - - -

yenraH 29 21 6.31 6 8.6 - - - -reviRdooH 833 03 9.8 3 9.0 - - - -

noskcaJ 970,2 623 9.51 44 1.2 62 3.1 02 6nosreffeJ 792 04 6.31 41 8.4 4 3.1 4 -enihpesoJ 238 491 5.32 41 7.1 43 1.4 03 4

htamalK 318 371 4.12 32 8.2 61 0.2 6 01

ekaL 66 61 6.42 - - - - - -enaL 257,3 206 3.61 04 1.1 01 3.0 5 5

nlocniL 324 101 1.42 6 4.1 3 7.0 3 -nniL 854,1 853 8.42 86 7.4 23 2.2 41 81

ruehlaM 994 73 5.7 4 8.0 3 6.0 3 -noiraM 545,4 926 1.41 611 6.2 601 3.2 64 06

worroM 081 22 4.21 1 6.0 1 6.0 - 1hamontluM 212,9 042,1 6.31 961 9.1 901 2.1 08 92

kloP 156 58 3.31 81 8.2 51 3.2 9 6namrehS 61 5 3.13 - - - - - -koomalliT 512 45 4.52 5 3.2 1 5.0 - 1

allitamU 231,1 731 2.21 41 7.1 31 1.1 01 3

noinU 313 94 7.51 1 3.0 - - - -awollaW 95 71 8.82 2 6.3 2 4.3 1 1

ocsaW 382 54 0.61 5 8.1 1 4.0 1 -notgnihsaW 001,7 045 6.7 37 0.1 11 2.0 8 3

releehW 21 1 3.8 - - - - - -llihmaY 542,1 391 8.51 51 2.1 5 4.0 4 1

orezsiytitnauQ- .


.ytilaitnedifnochcaerbyamsrebmunllamsfogniroperdeliateD*

esulohocladnaesuoccabotrofsegatnecreP.denoitnemesugurdticillierehwshtriblatotfotnecrepsiesugurdticillitnecreP:ETON.noitaluclacetarehtmorfseulavnwonknudnagnissimedulcxe


.91-2ELBAT9991,nogerO,ecnediseRfoytnuoCybsrotcaFksiRlanretaM

foytnuoCecnediseR

eviLshtriB

rotcaFksiRhtiwshtriBfotnecreP

-edanIetauqeraC

egA81<

egA53=>

eviL+4shtriB

ytironiMecaR /

yticinhtE 1

21<sraeY.cudE

-ramnUdeir

occaboTesU

latoT 391,54 4.5 2.4 5.21 6.01 5.32 8.02 4.03 5.41

rekaB 071 2.1 3.5 1.7 3.01 1.4 4.42 2.13 2.03notneB 128 9.2 8.2 8.51 6.8 3.71 2.9 6.02 8.9

samakcalC 701,4 6.4 7.2 2.61 5.9 1.51 8.41 5.32 5.31postalC 673 9.1 8.4 7.11 8.31 5.21 0.22 1.53 1.12

aibmuloC 175 6.4 6.2 3.21 9.11 8.4 0.51 3.72 6.81sooC 746 1.8 3.5 0.8 3.9 7.01 6.12 1.73 0.72

koorC 612 2.3 8.2 6.5 0.21 6.01 5.52 6.03 8.02yrruC 141 9.7 5.3 2.41 1.21 6.01 5.42 3.33 7.92

setuhcseD 613,1 0.3 3.3 7.21 4.8 3.8 6.31 7.52 7.21salguoD 021,1 2.4 9.6 7.8 1.11 8.8 2.32 2.83 2.62

mailliG 81 - - 1.11 6.5 1.11 1.11 7.61 7.61tnarG 87 1.5 8.3 8.21 7.7 3.1 4.6 6.52 3.01

yenraH 29 6.7 8.9 0.21 1.21 2.21 8.91 3.82 6.31reviRdooH 833 3.3 7.2 3.31 4.01 0.34 6.73 2.41 9.8

noskcaJ 970,2 2.5 1.4 2.11 5.01 2.71 1.22 5.13 9.51nosreffeJ 792 8.21 4.9 4.5 5.51 9.95 0.44 1.93 6.31enihpesoJ 238 7.4 6.6 8.01 9.01 3.01 5.12 9.83 5.32

htamalK 318 4.5 7.5 7.8 2.21 0.22 2.72 1.53 4.12

ekaL 66 6.7 5.1 6.7 6.01 1.21 5.12 3.72 6.42enaL 257,3 2.6 2.4 8.21 7.8 6.11 0.61 2.33 3.61

nlocniL 324 7.6 4.5 1.21 6.01 8.61 2.52 1.64 1.42nniL 854,1 2.5 9.4 3.9 1.11 6.01 2.12 5.23 8.42

ruehlaM 994 9.5 0.4 4.8 6.71 2.34 9.43 3.23 5.7noiraM 545,4 3.9 3.5 0.01 3.41 3.53 4.13 9.53 1.41

worroM 081 2.11 3.8 8.7 8.61 1.64 8.83 0.53 4.21hamontluM 212,9 2.6 2.4 4.41 4.01 1.13 9.02 6.43 6.31

kloP 156 6.3 6.4 8.11 4.9 3.91 6.81 0.92 3.31namrehS 61 3.6 - - 3.6 3.6 3.13 0.52 3.13koomalliT 512 3.3 4.7 4.8 6.21 9.41 4.12 5.33 4.52

allitamU 231,1 5.7 7.6 3.8 0.21 9.33 6.92 6.43 2.21

noinU 313 2.3 8.5 2.01 3.9 4.6 9.31 4.03 7.51awollaW 95 4.3 1.5 6.81 5.51 - 7.01 4.52 8.82

ocsaW 382 2.3 4.6 1.8 3.01 5.52 7.82 7.03 0.61notgnihsaW 001,7 8.2 4.2 2.41 8.8 6.03 3.61 7.02 6.7

releehW 21 1.9 - - 3.8 7.61 1.9 3.33 3.8llihmaY 542,1 8.4 7.4 2.11 0.11 0.22 8.32 8.82 8.51

.orezsiytitnauQ-

gnidulcxedetaluclacerasegatnecrepdnasetaR.yrogetacksirhcaenihtiwsrehtomfoegatnecrepasadesserpxesrotcafksiR:ETON.seulavnwonknudnagnissim



.yticinhtecinapsiHdnaecaretihwnonsedulcnI1

Natality 2-27

.02-2ELBAT,rehtoMfoyticinhtEdnaecaRybsrotcaFksiRlanretaM


s’rehtoMyticinhtE/ecaR

latoTshtriB

rotcaFksiRhtiwshtriBfotnecreP

ecaRlatoT 391,54 4.5 2.4 5.21 6.01 9.1 8.02 4.03 5.41

etihW 532,14 2.5 1.4 5.21 5.01 9.1 1.12 9.92 8.41naciremAnacirfA 998 5.5 9.7 7.7 9.41 9. 8.81 0.36 4.61

naidnI 107 3.11 0.11 4.8 6.51 0.6 3.13 8.85 2.62esenihC 891 5.1 5. 7.42 0.1 - 8.01 6.5 -

esenapaJ 551 2.3 3.1 3.23 8.5 6. 7. 4.8 5.4naiiawaH 94 1.6 1.4 1.4 2.21 1.6 2.4 7.23 3.41

etihW-noNrehtO 81 6.5 1.11 2.22 6.5 6.5 2.14 9.83 6.5onipiliF 302 4.5 0.3 2.71 9.8 - 3.01 7.22 0.4

cificaP&naisArehtOrednalsI

855,1 8.6 5.2 1.41 6.7 8. 1.21 5.71 6.3

ecaRnwonknU 771 7.21 1.5 0.71 7.81 7.3 0.62 5.93 1.02

yticinhtEcinapsiH 209,6 9.9 3.7 5.7 6.41 7. 0.06 6.93 7.3

etihW 408,6 0.01 2.7 5.7 7.41 7. 4.06 3.93 6.3naciremAnacirfA 91 3.5 1.12 - 3.5 - 3.62 9.87 1.12

naidnI 34 0.7 3.61 7.4 3.61 7.4 6.74 1.27 6.11esenapaJ 2 - - 0.05 - - - 0.05 -

naiiawaH 2 - - - - - - - 0.05etihW-noNrehtO 21 - 3.8 7.61 3.8 - 5.45 3.33 -

onipiliF 01 - 0.01 - - - 0.01 0.03 0.01cificaP&naisArehtO

rednalsI5 0.52 0.02 - - - 0.02 0.04 -

ecaRnwonknU 5 - - 0.02 0.02 - 0.04 0.04 -

cinapsiH-noN 519,73 5.4 6.3 4.31 8.9 1.2 8.31 7.82 4.61etihW 122,43 3.4 4.3 5.31 7.9 1.2 5.31 0.82 0.71

naciremAnacirfA 778 4.5 6.7 9.7 1.51 9. 7.81 6.26 2.61naidnI 456 6.11 7.01 7.8 6.51 2.6 3.03 8.75 8.62

esenihC 891 5.1 5. 7.42 0.1 - 8.01 6.5 -esenapaJ 351 3.3 3.1 0.23 9.5 7. 7. 8.7 6.4

naiiawaH 74 4.6 3.4 3.4 8.21 4.6 3.4 0.43 8.21etihW-noNrehtO 5 - 0.02 0.02 0. 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.02

onipiliF 191 8.5 6.2 8.71 9.8 - 8.9 0.22 7.3cificaP&naisArehtO

rednalsI055,1 8.6 5.2 1.41 7.7 8. 1.21 5.71 6.3

ecaRnwonknU 91 3.5 5.01 5.01 8.51 - 8.81 1.24 3.5

yticinhtEnwonknU 673 9.9 1.5 6.31 6.31 7.1 7.41 3.83 0.02.orezsiytitnauQ-

segatnecrepdnasetaR.yrogetacksirhcaenihtiwsrehtomfoegatnecrepasadesserpxesrotcafksiR:ETON.seulavnwonknudnagnissimgnidulcxedetaluclacera


Inad

equa

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are

Age

< 1

8

Age

> =

35

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.12-2ELBAT9991,nogerO,ecnediseRfoytnuoCyb,seicneuqerFtnuoCksiR

foytnuoCecnediseR

eviLshtriB

)tnuoC(srotcaFksiRforebmuNoreZ enO owT eerhT ruoF eviF xiS

latoT 391,54 522,61 691,31 817,8 296,4 529,1 014 72

rekaB 071 86 54 33 51 9 - -notneB 128 783 352 801 15 91 2 1

samakcalC 701,4 947,1 202,1 337 103 79 42 1postalC 673 921 611 76 74 51 2 -

aibmuloC 175 952 071 38 54 11 2 1sooC 746 522 681 221 27 63 6 -

koorC 612 18 86 73 32 6 1 -yrruC 141 54 54 92 31 6 2 1

setuhcseD 613,1 906 804 581 78 22 5 -salguoD 021,1 283 023 022 141 84 9 -

mailliG 81 9 6 2 1 - - -tnarG 87 14 22 01 5 - - -

yenraH 29 63 03 11 01 2 3 -reviRdooH 833 801 29 28 83 31 5 -

noskcaJ 970,2 187 006 293 891 88 91 1nosreffeJ 792 05 86 67 25 34 6 2enihpesoJ 238 962 462 951 101 33 6 -

htamalK 318 852 212 491 69 83 41 1

ekaL 66 62 71 31 9 1 - -enaL 257,3 844,1 971,1 856 713 821 02 2

nlocniL 324 711 521 28 86 82 3 -nniL 854,1 665 463 092 371 15 31 1

ruehlaM 994 151 101 121 29 62 6 2noiraM 545,4 222,1 312,1 170,1 346 413 77 5

worroM 081 93 04 25 13 61 2 -hamontluM 212,9 958,2 437,2 939,1 070,1 794 701 6

kloP 156 552 891 211 56 51 6 -namrehS 61 8 2 3 3 - - -koomalliT 512 87 95 53 92 41 - -

allitamU 231,1 453 433 322 441 06 71 -

noinU 313 831 69 94 02 8 2 -awollaW 95 62 51 01 5 2 1 -

ocsaW 382 29 09 15 33 31 4 -notgnihsaW 001,7 888,2 102,2 902,1 345 912 73 3

releehW 21 6 3 2 1 - - -llihmaY 542,1 664 813 552 051 74 9 -

.orezsiytitnauQ-

cinhte/laicar;53=>ro81<ega;eracetauqedani:srotcafksirlanretamebotderedisnocerewgniwollofehT:etoN.gnikoms;deirramnugnieb;noitacudeloohcshgihnahtssel;)shtriberomroruof(redrohtribhgih;ytironim


Natality 2-29

.22-2ELBAT,)egatnecreP(seicneuqerFtnuoCksiR9991,nogerO,ecnediseRfoytnuoCyb

foytnuoCecnediseR

eviLshtriB

)tnecreP(srotcaFksiRforebmuNoreZ enO owT eerhT ruoF eviF xiS

latoT 391,54 9.53 2.92 3.91 4.01 3.4 9. 1.

rekaB 071 0.04 5.62 4.91 8.8 3.5 - -notneB 128 1.74 8.03 2.31 2.6 3.2 2. 1.

samakcalC 701,4 6.24 3.92 8.71 3.7 4.2 6. -postalC 673 3.43 9.03 8.71 5.21 0.4 5. -

aibmuloC 175 4.54 8.92 5.41 9.7 9.1 4. 2.sooC 746 8.43 7.82 9.81 1.11 6.5 9. -

koorC 612 5.73 5.13 1.71 6.01 8.2 5. -yrruC 141 9.13 9.13 6.02 2.9 3.4 4.1 7.

setuhcseD 613,1 3.64 0.13 1.41 6.6 7.1 4. -salguoD 021,1 1.43 6.82 6.91 6.21 3.4 8. -

mailliG 81 0.05 3.33 1.11 6.5 - - -tnarG 87 6.25 2.82 8.21 4.6 - - -

yenraH 29 1.93 6.23 0.21 9.01 2.2 3.3 -reviRdooH 833 0.23 2.72 3.42 2.11 8.3 5.1 -

noskcaJ 970,2 6.73 9.82 9.81 5.9 2.4 9. -nosreffeJ 792 8.61 9.22 6.52 5.71 5.41 0.2 7.enihpesoJ 238 3.23 7.13 1.91 1.21 0.4 7. -

htamalK 318 7.13 1.62 9.32 8.11 7.4 7.1 1.

ekaL 66 4.93 8.52 7.91 6.31 5.1 - -enaL 257,3 6.83 4.13 5.71 4.8 4.3 5. 1.

nlocniL 324 7.72 6.92 4.91 1.61 6.6 7. -nniL 854,1 8.83 0.52 9.91 9.11 5.3 9. 1.

ruehlaM 994 3.03 2.02 2.42 4.81 2.5 2.1 4.noiraM 545,4 9.62 7.62 6.32 1.41 9.6 7.1 1.

worroM 081 7.12 2.22 9.82 2.71 9.8 1.1 -hamontluM 212,9 0.13 7.92 0.12 6.11 4.5 2.1 1.

kloP 156 2.93 4.03 2.71 0.01 3.2 9. -namrehS 61 0.05 5.21 8.81 8.81 - - -koomalliT 512 3.63 4.72 3.61 5.31 5.6 - -

allitamU 231,1 3.13 5.92 7.91 7.21 3.5 5.1 -

noinU 313 1.44 7.03 7.51 4.6 6.2 6. -awollaW 95 1.44 4.52 9.61 5.8 4.3 7.1 -

ocsaW 382 5.23 8.13 0.81 7.11 6.4 4.1 -notgnihsaW 001,7 7.04 0.13 0.71 6.7 1.3 5. -

releehW 21 0.05 0.52 7.61 3.8 - - -llihmaY 542,1 4.73 5.52 5.02 0.21 8.3 7. -

.1.0nahtsselroorezsiytitnauQ-ebotderedisnocerewgniwollofehT.yrogetacksirotnignillafsrehtomfoegatnecrepsadesserpxesrotcafksiR:ETON;)shtriberomroruof(redrohtribhgih;ytironimcinhte/laicar;53=>ro81<ega;eracetauqedani:srotcafksirlanretamgnissimgnidulcxedetaluclacerasegatnecrepdnasetaR.gnikoms;deirramnugnieb;noitacudeloohcshgihnahtssel

.seulavnwonknudna



2-30 Volume 1 • Oregon Vital Statistics Report 1999.

32-

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foytnuoCecnediseR

latoT 391,54 656,44 6 21 71 6 8 37 81 9 8 22

rekaB 071 961 - - - - - - - - - -notneB 128 718 - - - - 1 - - - - -

samakcalC 701,4 460,4 - - 2 1 1 6 1 - - 1postalC 673 173 - 1 - - - 2 - - - -

aibmuloC 175 465 - - - - - 1 - - - -sooC 746 146 - - - - - 2 - - - -

koorC 612 412 - - - - - - 1 - - -yrruC 141 731 - - - - - 1 - - - -

setuhcseD 613,1 103,1 - - 2 - - 2 3 1 - 1salguoD 021,1 201,1 - - - - 2 5 1 - - -

mailliG 81 71 - - - - - - - - - -tnarG 87 67 - - - - - - - - - -

yenraH 29 09 - - - - - - - - - -reviRdooH 833 133 - - - - - 1 - - - -

noskcaJ 970,2 450,2 - 1 2 - - 4 1 3 1 -nosreffeJ 792 292 - - - - - 1 - - - 1enihpesoJ 238 818 - - - 1 - - - - - 1

htamalK 318 208 - - - - 1 - - - 1 1

ekaL 66 56 - - - - - - - - - -enaL 257,3 437,3 1 - 1 - - 1 - - - -

nlocniL 324 514 - - - - - 2 2 1 - 1nniL 854,1 734,1 1 1 - - - 2 1 - 1 1

ruehlaM 994 294 1 - - - - 1 - - - -noiraM 545,4 464,4 2 2 3 2 1 8 2 1 - 4

worroM 081 081 - - - - - - - - - -hamontluM 212,9 711,9 - 2 2 1 1 7 3 2 4 4

kloP 156 346 - - - - 1 2 - - - -namrehS 61 61 - - - - - - - - - -koomalliT 512 212 - - - - - 1 - - - -

allitamU 231,1 211,1 - 1 - - - 2 - - - 2

noinU 313 113 - - - - - - - - - 1awollaW 95 85 - - - - - - 1 - - -

ocsaW 382 872 - 1 - - - 1 - - - -notgnihsaW 001,7 820,7 1 2 5 1 - 41 1 - 1 4

releehW 21 21 - - - - - - - - - -llihmaY 542,1 222,1 - 1 - - - 7 1 1 - -

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Natality 2-33

.42-2ELBATfoytnuoCybsetacifitreChtriBnodetropeRsnoitamroflaMlatinegnoC

)deunitnoC(9991,nogerO,ecnediseR

foytnuoCecnediseR

latoT 6 07 81 33 06 85 05 11 64 53 9 95

rekaB - 1 - - - - - - - - - -notneB - - - 1 1 1 1 - - - - -

samakcalC - 3 - 3 8 4 6 1 2 3 - 3postalC - 1 - - 1 - - - - 1 - -

aibmuloC - 1 1 - 2 - - - 1 - - 1sooC - 2 - 1 - - - - 1 - - 1

koorC - 1 - - - - - 1 - - - -yrruC - 1 - - 1 - - - - - - 1

setuhcseD - 1 - - 3 1 2 - - 1 1 2salguoD - - 2 - 4 2 3 - 1 2 - 1

mailliG - 1 - - - - - - - - - -tnarG - - - - - 2 - - - - - -

yenraH - - - 1 1 - - - - - - -reviRdooH - - - - - - 2 1 - - - 3

noskcaJ - 3 - 3 3 4 2 - 1 2 - 1nosreffeJ - 1 - 1 - - - - - - - 1enihpesoJ - 4 - - - 3 1 - 1 2 1 -

htamalK - 3 - 1 1 3 - - 1 - - -

ekaL - - - 1 - - - - - - - -enaL 1 - - - 6 2 1 - - 6 - 3

nlocniL - 1 - 1 1 1 - - 1 - 1 1nniL - 6 1 3 - 2 2 - - 1 - -

ruehlaM - - - 1 2 - 1 - 2 - - -noiraM 2 91 4 2 9 51 5 - 71 4 3 8

worroM - - - - - - - - - - - -hamontluM 3 7 8 5 7 5 21 3 5 5 2 61

kloP - 3 - - - - 2 1 - - - -namrehS - - - - - - - - - - - -koomalliT - - - 1 - - 1 - - - - -

allitamU - 1 - 3 2 - - 2 1 - 1 6

noinU - - - - - - - - - 1 - -awollaW - - - - - - - - - - - -

ocsaW - - - - - - 1 - 2 - - -notgnihsaW - 6 2 4 7 21 7 2 5 3 - 9

releehW - - - - - - - - - - - -llihmaY - 4 - 1 1 1 1 - 5 4 - 2

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latoTshtriB

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latoT 391,54 634,2 324 310,2 9.35 4.9 6.44

rekaB 071 8 - 8 1.74 - 1.74notneB 128 24 9 33 2.15 0.11 2.04

samakcalC 701,4 402 03 471 7.94 3.7 4.24postalC 673 71 4 31 2.54 6.01 6.43

aibmuloC 175 83 8 03 5.66 0.41 5.25sooC 746 33 01 32 0.15 5.51 5.53

koorC 612 71 1 61 7.87 6.4 1.47yrruC 141 6 - 6 6.24 - 6.24

setuhcseD 613,1 67 9 76 8.75 8.6 9.05salguoD 021,1 25 5 74 4.64 5.4 0.24

mailliG 81 1 - 1 6.55 - 6.55tnarG 87 3 - 3 5.83 - 5.83

yenraH 29 01 - 01 7.801 - 7.801§reviRdooH 833 52 4 12 0.47 8.11 1.26

noskcaJ 970,2 48 21 27 4.04§ 8.5 6.43nosreffeJ 792 71 5 21 2.75 8.61 4.04enihpesoJ 238 54 8 73 1.45 6.9 5.44

htamalK 318 92 4 52 7.53§ 9.4 8.03

ekaL 66 5 1 4 8.57 2.51 6.06enaL 257,3 622 63 091 2.06 6.9 6.05

nlocniL 324 13 7 42 3.37 5.61 7.65nniL 854,1 37 41 95 1.05 6.9 5.04

ruehlaM 994 13 6 52 1.26 0.21 1.05noiraM 545,4 362 35 012 9.75 7.11 2.64

worroM 081 21 4 8 7.66 2.22 4.44hamontluM 212,9 984 39 693 1.35 1.01 0.34

kloP 156 13 4 72 6.74 1.6 5.14namrehS 61 - - - - - -koomalliT 512 01 3 7 5.64 0.41 6.23

allitamU 231,1 08 7 37 0.17§ 2.6 8.46§

noinU 313 31 1 21 5.14 2.3 3.83awollaW 95 4 - 4 8.76 - 8.76

ocsaW 382 71 1 61 1.06 5.3 5.65notgnihsaW 001,7 863 36 503 8.15 9.8 0.34

releehW 21 - - - - - -llihmaY 542,1 67 12 55 1.16 9.61§ 2.44

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Natality 2-35

.62-2ELBAT9991,nogerO,thgiewhtriBdnarehtoMfoegAybshtriBtnediseR


latoTshtriB

rehtoMfoegA51< 91-51 42-02 92-52 43-03 93-53 44-04 +54 .S.N

latoT 391,54 68 194,5 698,11 306,21 954,9 575,4 510,1 56 3

sseLdna994 64 - 5 9 11 41 4 3 - -999-005 861 1 23 94 23 13 12 2 - -

9941-0001 902 - 34 84 44 63 92 9 - -9991-0051 884 2 16 121 021 301 36 61 2 -9942-0002 525,1 2 942 004 083 082 851 35 3 -

0052< 634,2 5 093 726 785 464 572 38 5 -

9992-0052 649,5 01 398 186,1 675,1 150,1 595 721 31 -9943-0003 302,61 04 041,2 394,4 384,4 981,3 315,1 423 02 19993-0053 118,41 32 485,1 177,3 532,4 863,3 884,1 023 12 19944-0004 048,4 7 224 021,1 424,1 071,1 565 921 3 -9994-0054 238 1 75 581 262 581 311 72 2 -

revO&0005 711 - 5 91 53 03 22 5 1 -nwonknU 8 - - - 1 2 4 - - 1

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latoT 837,31 38 481,4 748,4 755,2 452,1 246 751 21 2

sseLdna994 71 - 3 5 3 3 2 1 - -999-005 07 1 92 22 9 7 2 - - -

9941-0001 57 - 33 02 31 6 3 - - -9991-0051 771 2 84 75 73 02 01 3 - -9942-0002 106 2 291 681 611 85 43 21 1 -

0052< 049 5 503 092 871 49 15 61 1 -

9992-0052 521,2 01 996 537 963 761 801 23 5 -9943-0003 861,5 73 546,1 938,1 719 154 622 94 3 19993-0053 180,4 32 371,1 094,1 987 093 571 73 3 19944-0004 991,1 7 113 414 352 331 36 81 - -9994-0054 502 1 74 37 64 71 61 5 - -

revO&0005 91 - 4 6 5 2 2 - - -nwonknU 1 - - - - - 1 - - -

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Induced Terminations of Pregnancy

In 1999 Oregon’sabortion rate

remained 20 percentbelow the 1980

record

CURRENT TRENDSDuring 1999, 14,145 induced terminations of pregnancy oc-

curred in Oregon. This total represents a 1.4 percent decreasefrom 1998 and a decrease of 10.1 percent from the record high of15,735 abortions reported in 1980. [Figure 3-1].

This chapter reports occurrence data; that is, all abortionsoccurring in Oregon whether obtained by Oregon residents orresidents of another state. During the 1990s, out-of-state resi-dents generally accounted for 11 to 12 percent of abortions inOregon. In 1999, 1,788 (12.6 %) of patients were out-of-stateresidents. [Table 3-6]. Oregonians who obtained abortions out ofstate are not included in this data. Because rate calculations useOregon population numbers, these calculations substitute out-of-state residents for the unknown number of Oregonians whoobtained an abortion in another state. (See Appendix B, TechnicalNotes section for a more extensive discussion of the completenessof abortion data.)

Changes of behavior are revealed more by shifts in rates, whichaccount for population change, than changes in the number ofevents. The U.S. abortion rate has been declining since 1980 fromapproximately 25 per 1,000 women of childbearing age to 20 per1,000 in 1997. In 1999, the Oregon rate was also 20.0 per 1,000,a 1.5 percent decrease from 1998 and 20.3 percent lower than therecord high of 1980 (25.1 per 1,000). Oregon�s rate has fluctuatedaround 20 per 1,000 since 1988. [Table 3-1].


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PREGNANCY OUTCOMESFigure 3-2 shows the ratio of abortions to births occurring in

Oregon, indicating the prevalence of unwanted pregnancies thatoccurred in the state. Both the highest abortion rate (number ofabortions per 1,000 female population) and the highest ratio ofabortions (number of abortions per 1,000 births) occurred in 1980.Between 1980 and 1987, the ratio of abortions to births declined,

Induced Terminations of Pregnancy 3-3

although an increased level of reporting beginning in 1984 (as arequirement of new legislation) obscures this fact. In 1999, therewere 306.8 abortions per 1,000 occurrence births. This representsa 1.0 percent decrease from 1998 and a 13.8 percent decrease from1980, when this ratio was 355.8 per 1,000 births. [Table 3-2].

In 1973, when the U.S. Supreme Court legalized abortion withthe Roe v. Wade decision, Oregon�s abortion ratio was about one-fifth higher than that of the U.S. [see sidebar, page 3-2]. In the mid-1980s and early 1990s this changed: Oregonians were less likelythan residents of other states to terminate a pregnancy with aninduced abortion (see sidebar). Since 1995, Oregon�s abortion ratiohas fluctuated around the U.S. ratio. The 1999 abortion ratio inOregon was essentially equal to the 1997 U.S. ratio (the mostrecent comparison available) 306.8 to 306.

ABORTION PATIENTSSimilar to births rates, abortion rates differ by age group, race,

ethnicity, marital status and prior pregnancy.

Almost two-thirds of abortion patients have never been mar-ried. [Table 3-3]. More than half have previously given birth. [Table3-5].

AGEThere is wide variation in abortion rates among age groups (see

sidebar): The highest rate in 1999 occurred among women age 20-24 (44.2 per 1,000). The lowest rates were among women 45-49,(0.2 per 1,000) and women under age 15 (0.6 per 1,000). [Figure 3-3, sidebar].

Abortion Rates by Ageand Percentage

Distribution, OregonOccurrence¹, 1999

Age Rate² %

< 15 0.6 0.5

15-19 25.1 20.9

20-24 44.2 32.0

25-29 29.9 21.8

30-34 16.9 13.4

35-39 9.5 8.7

40-44 2.5 2.5

45-49 0.2 0.2

15-44 20.1 99.3

¹ Occurrence data include allabortions reported by providerslocated in Oregon, regardless ofthe patient's residence. Becauserate calculations employ Oregonpopulation figures, thesecalculations, in effect, substituteout-of-state residents forOregonians who may haveobtained an abortion in anotherstate.

² Per 1,000 females in age group.


15.0

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26.1

22.9

48.0

41.8

The 1999 abortion rate among teens age 10-17 was 56.7percent lower than the rate in 1980 (when the statewide abortionrate was highest); the rate for 18- to 19-year-olds was 39.9 percentlower. [Figure 3-4] The absence of a corresponding increase in thebirth rates among teens suggests success in avoiding unwantedpregnancy, rather than an increase in decisions to carry un-wanted pregnancies to term. In contrast, among women age 25and older, both abortion rates and birth rates were markedlyhigher in 1999 than in 1980.

RACE AND ETHNICITYThe frequency with which abortion procedures were used to

terminate a pregnancy varied among ethnic and racial groups.African American women and women of Chinese and Japaneseorigin were most likely to have an abortion. In 1999, AfricanAmerican women terminated 48.0 percent of their pregnancies,Chinese women terminated 45.5 percent and Hawaiian womenterminated 44.3 percent. Because Oregon�s demographic compo-sition is predominately white, white women obtained the majorityof abortions by count in 1999 (86.6%) although the group wassecond lowest in percentage of pregnancies terminated. As in pastyears, Hispanic women were least likely to terminate a pregnancy(15.0%). [Figure 3-5].

CONTRACEPTIVE USEIn the majority of abortions that occur in Oregon, the preg-

nancy is not a result of contraceptive failure. In 1999, based upondata obtained from abortion reports, only 37 percent of women hadused some method of contraception to avoid the pregnancy. [Table3-5].


MEDICAL PROCEDURESEighty-seven percent of abortions with known gestation were

performed prior to the thirteenth week of pregnancy. Just one insixteen (6.3%) of induced terminations were performed aftersixteen weeks gestation. Suction curettage was the procedureused in 98.8 percent of terminations prior to the thirteenth weekwhere method was reported. Dilation and evacuation was theprocedure in 74 percent of terminations occurring after sixteenweeks gestation. Women under the age of 20 were one-third morelikely to obtain an abortion after sixteen weeks gestation than werewomen age 25 and over. [Table 3-4]. The percentage of abortionsoccurring after sixteen weeks gestation declined for every groupexcept age 20-24, which increased slightly, and age 15-19, whichwas unchanged. [Figure 3-6].

Complications at the time of the procedure were reported for160 terminations (one percent of abortion patients): retainedproducts (55 patients) and infection (33 patients) were the mostcommon complications. In Oregon, no woman has died as the resultof a legally induced termination.

GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTIONAbortion rates varied widely within the state, yet 35 of Oregon's

36 counties had at least one resident who sought an abortion in1999. The providers of such services, however, were geographicallyconcentrated. In 1999, abortions were reported in 10 of Oregon�s36 counties. The degree of concentration was evident in the factthat 97 percent of all abortions were obtained in the five countiesof highest occurrence: Jackson, Lane, Marion, Multnomah andWashington. [Table 3-7]. Although abortions may often be soughtoutside a patient�s community to help insure anonymity, thisdegree of concentration suggests that access to abortion servicesmay be limited for some Oregon women.


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Teen Pregnancy

Pregnancy rates forOregonians age 10 to 17

declined 7.6percent from 1998.

CURRENT TRENDSIn 1999, there were 8,272 pregnancies to Oregon females

under age 20. Of these, 55.5 percent had neither completedhigh school nor obtained a general equivalency diploma (GED).Of those who took their pregnancies to term, 76.5 percent wereunmarried at the time of birth. [Table 4-10.] Because ofdifferences in risk and severity of outcomes, this report basesits analysis on two separate age groups to aid in understandingteen pregnancy trends: females under age 18 and females age18 to 19. These two groups are compared to each other and towomen age 20 and older. The number of pregnancies isdetermined by adding the numbers of births and abortionsreported for Oregon residents. Because some neighboringstates (e.g., California) do not exchange abortion reports withOregon, those who obtain an out-of-state abortion are notalways included in this count.

Oregon Females Under 18Efforts at preventing teen pregnancies are focused prima-

rily on females under age 18. During 1999, at least 2,961pregnancies occurred among Oregon females under age 18,215 fewer than in 1998. [Table 4-2]. In 1999, the statewidepregnancy rate among women age 10 to 17 decreased 7.6percent, from 17.2 in 1998 to 15.9 in 1999 (see sidebar). Thiscontinues a four-year decline and indicates that teens areshowing improvement in protecting themselves against becom-ing pregnant. Pregnancy rates for teens age 10 to 17 varied bycounty and eleven counties had rates statistically significantlydifferent than the state rate. [Table 4-5]. The 1999 rate is 6

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percent above the Oregon Benchmark goal for the year 2000:15 pregnancies per 1,000 females. [Figure 4-1].

In 1999, the youngest teens to become pregnant were age12. There were 151 pregnancies to females under age 15.

Births to Teens Under 18There were 1,882 births to Oregon teens under age 18 in

1999. Sixty-three percent of pregnancies among teens age 10to 17 resulted in a live birth, compared to 46 percent in 1980.[Table 4-2]. It was the mother�s first child in 92.3 percent ofthese births. [Table 4-9]. The birth rate for teens age 10 to 17was 10.1, a 6 percent decrease from 1998. Eighty-six girls age10 to 14 gave birth during 1999, a one-year decrease of 9.5percent. [Table 4-2].

Abortions to Teens Under 18Abortion rates among teens decreased compared to 1998;

for females age 10 to 17, the abortion rate decreased by 12percent. [Table 4-2; Figure 4-2]. There were 1,079 abortions toOregonians age 10 to 17 reported during 1999, 130 fewerabortions than in 1998. Since the record high abortion raterecorded in 1980, the rate for females age 10 to 17 hasdecreased by more than 50 percent (from 13.4 to 5.8 per 1,000females).

Figures 4-3 and 4-4 present the historical pattern of theresult of pregnancies (birth and abortion). As Figure 4-4indicates, teens are more likely to carry a pregnancy to termthan they were in 1980. Since 1980, the younger the teen, themore likely the pregnancy would be terminated. However, evenamong teens under 15, more than half of the pregnanciesresulted in a live birth in 1999. [Table 4-2; Figure 4-4].

Abortion rates for teensage 10 to 17 decreased

12 percent

Teen Pregnancy 4-3

Oregon Females 18-19In 1999, the pregnancy rate for Oregonians age 18 to 19 was

114.8 per 1,000 females, a 3.1 percent decrease from 1998.Comparisons with the 1998 figures show decreases in both thebirth rate (4.1%) and the abortion rate (1.4%) among womenage 18 to 19. [Table 4-1].

Of the 5,311 pregnancies to women age 18 to 19, 69.6percent (3,695) resulted in birth. [Figure 4-4]. It was the firstchild for 75.1 percent of the women giving birth.

Birth rates for teens age10 to 17 fell 6 percent.


Oregon Rates vs. U.S. RatesIn Oregon, the birth rate among 15- to 19-year-olds (com-

monly used in historical and national comparisons) decreased3.5 percent in 1999 (46.6 vs. 48.3 per 1,000 females in 1998).[Table 4-1]. The 1999 rate was 15.6 percent lower than the 1991rate of 55.2 per 1,000, which is the highest rate recorded duringthe past quarter century. [Figure 4-5].

Oregon�s 1999 birth rate for 15- to 19-year-old teens was 6percent below the national rate (46.6 vs. 49.6 per 1,000females) (see sidebar).

Oregon�s lower teen birth rate may be attributed in largepart to its demographic characteristics. Traditionally, AfricanAmerican and Hispanic populations have higher teen birthrates and are underrepresented in the state. Oregon's diver-sity, however, is increasing. Between 1990 and 2000 census,the proportion of hispanic residents doubled from 4 percent to8 percent while the proportion of racial minorities was rela-tively unchanged.1 During this same ten year period, Oregon'steen pregnancy rate fell from 86.0 per 1,000 females in 1990to 68.9 in 1999, a 19.9 percent decrease.[Table 4-10, Table 4-11]. (For further discussion of Oregon�s demographic charac-teristics and teen pregnancy rates, see the Methodologysection of Appendix B).

LEVEL OF INFANT HEALTHLow Birthweight

Whether reflecting premature delivery or small size forgestational age, the low birthweight (LBW) rate (less than2,500 grams or 5.5 pounds) is the best single measure of healthfor newborn infants. Changes in the low birthweight rate of agroup might indicate aggregate changes in the mothers�

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Teen Pregnancy 4-5

personal behavior during pregnancy or other conditions thataffect fetal health such as nutrition or access to prenatal care.

In 1999, the low birthweight rate for teen mothers age 15-19 was 71.0 per 1,000 births [Table 4-4], a 6.3 percent increasefrom 1998. For 15- to 17-year-olds, the rate (72.4 per 1,000)decreased 1.8 percent. The teen rate for low birthweightremained higher than those for mothers age 20 and older (51.5per 1,000). [Table 2-26]. The difference in the low birthweightrates between the two groups is persistent. [Figure 4-6].

Race and EthnicityDemographic factors such as race, ethnicity, and marital

status combine with age to influence the likelihood that ateenager will receive early prenatal care. In 1999, for example,57.8 percent of unmarried Hispanics age 15-17 started prena-tal care during their first trimester, compared to 74.6 percentof married non-Hispanic whites age 18-19. [Table 4-4].

Low birthweight rates to teen mothers by racial/ethnicgrouping are displayed in the sidebar and in Table 4-4. Between1998 and 1999, the rate of low birthweight for Hispanic teensage 15-17 increased by 1.2 percent, but decreased by 20.1percent for those age 18-19. Among non-Hispanic, non-whitegroups, the low birthweight rate for teens age 15-17 increasedby 2.9 percent and increased by 32.5 percent for those age 18-19 (see sidebar).

Prenatal CareTable 4-3 shows the association between inadequate prenatal

care and frequency of low birthweight infants among teens whogave birth in 1999. Among mothers age 15-19, those who receivedinadequate prenatal care were more than twice as likely to have

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low birthweight babies as those who had received adequatecare (147.4 vs. 62.5 per 1,000 live births). Figure 4-7 shows lowbirthweight rates per 1,000 live births by adequate and inad-equate prenatal care. For mothers 15-17, the rates were 132.6vs. 64.6; for mothers 18-19, they were 156.5 vs. 61.5.

Early Prenatal CarePrenatal care should begin within the first three months of

pregnancy to allow early detection of complications and toensure the health of both mother and infant. An OregonBenchmark goal is that by the year 2000, ninety percent ofpregnant women, regardless of age, will begin medical careduring the first trimester of pregnancy. Teens are farther fromthis goal than any other age group: in 1999, only 66.5 percentof teens giving birth started prenatal care during the firsttrimester compared to 82.6 percent for women age 20 and older(see sidebar). Only 62.3 percent of those under age 18 receivedprenatal care, a slight increase from 59.5 percent 1998 (2.3).[Table 4-10].

Inadequate Prenatal CareInadequate prenatal care has been defined as care that

begins after the second trimester of pregnancy, or that involvesfewer than five prenatal visits. By this measure, 10.2 percentof 15- to 17- year-old teens and 8.0 percent of 18- to 19- year-old teens received inadequate prenatal care in 1999. Thiscompares with 4.9 percent of women age 20 or older thatreceived inadequate care. [Table 4-10]. The proportion ofwomen under age 20 who received inadequate prenatal careremained essentially unchanged from 1998.

Late Care and No Prenatal CareThe proportion of teens age 15-17 who began prenatal care

during the third trimester decreased 11.7 percent to 52.2 per

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Teen Pregnancy 4-7

1,000 live births in 1999. [Figure 4-8]. Teens under age 18 aremore likely than older women to go through pregnancy withouta single visit to a medical provider; in 1999, the rate of no prenatalcare among teens under age 18 was 16.6 per 1,000 live births,more than twice that of women age 20 and older (6.6 per 1,000live births). [Figure 4-9.]

Low Apgar ScoreThe Apgar score recorded by the birth attendant five

minutes after birth provides another measure of infant health attime of delivery. A score of less than seven is considered low andindicates that an infant is at greater than normal risk formorbidity and mortality. The 1999 low Apgar rate for newborns ofmothers age 10-19 was 22.0 per 1,000 births [Table 4-9], a 2.2percent decrease from 1998 (22.5). The low Apgar rate for infantsborn to women under age 20 was 22.2 percent higher than the ratefor infants born to women 20 years or older (18.0).

Substance Use During PregnancyEstimates of tobacco and alcohol use during pregnancy are

presumed to be minimum counts due to under-reporting on birthcertificates. The legal age to purchase or possess alcohol inOregon is age 21. The legal age to purchase tobacco products isage 18.

TobaccoTeens age 15 to 19 were 89.3 percent more likely than women

age 20 and over to report smoking during pregnancy (24.8% vs.13.1%). [Table 4-9]. Women of all ages who smoked duringpregnancy were more likely to have low birthweight babies thannonsmokers. Mothers age 20 or older show the greatest differencebetween low birthweight rates by tobacco use (77.2 vs. 49.1 per


1,000 live births). However, this is in part because the lowbirthweight rate for teen mothers is already much higher thanthat of women age 20 and older (see sidebar). Tobacco use remainsone of the most important preventable causes of low birthweightinfants for teen mothers.

AlcoholReported alcohol use by teens age 15 to 19 during pregnancy

increased from 14.1 per 1,000 live births in 1998 to 14.8 in 1999,an increase of 5.0 percent. Even so, teens age 15 to 19 were 22.5percent less likely to report the use of alcohol during pregnancythan were women age 20 and over (14.8 vs. 19.1per 1,000 births).[Table 4-9]. Alcohol use for women age 20 and over increased 13.7percent, from 16.8 per 1,000 live births in 1998 to 19.1 in 1999.

Source of PaymentCosts associated with births to teen mothers were more than

twice as likely to be paid with public funds as births to olderwomen. In 1999, Medicaid paid for 60.5 percent of births to teens(under age 20) and 27.7 percent of births to women age 20 andolder where payor source was reported. [Table 4-10]. In 1999,there were 83 fewer births to women under age 20 than in 1998,but the number of publicly funded births to women under age 20increased by 64.

Age of FatherDuring 1995-1999, 38.4 percent of birth records for babies born

to teens age 10 to 17 didn�t indicate father�s age, because thefather wasn�t identified on the certificate. [Figure 4-10, Table 4-13]. Almost two-thirds (61.9%) of the birth records where motherwas under age 15 did not list father�s age. Where father�s age wasreported for teen mothers under age 15, 41.5 percent wereyounger than age 18 and 58.5 percent were age 18 or older. Birth

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Teen Pregnancy 4-9

records for mothers age 15 to 17 report father�s age for 62.8percent of the births. Where father�s age was reported, 18.0percent of fathers were under age 18 and 82.0 percent were age18 or older.

For all teens, including the youngest mothers (age less than15 years), the father was more than six years older than themother in 16 to 17 percent of the births for the 1995 �1999period where father�s age was reported. [Figure 4-11]. Paymentfor births to teens age 10 to 17 by Medicaid never fell below 54percent, regardless of father�s age.

1 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2000, Table DP-1.


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ruehlaM 88 4.76§ 6 2.86 25 7.795 7 5.08noiraM 486 1.86§ 54 8.56 614 1.816 78 0.031§

worroM 72 7.86 2 1.47 11 4.704 4 1.841hamontluM 320,1 5.74 17 4.96 986 5.976 89 6.69

kloP 88 2.63§ 4 5.54 86 7.277 7 5.08namrehS - - - - - - - -koomalliT 83 4.55 4 3.501 62 2.486 3 9.87

allitamU 791 8.47§ 91 4.69 321 4.426 31 7.76

noinU 35 3.94 3 6.65 53 4.066 2 7.73awollaW 8 6.43 - - 6 0.057 2 0.052

ocsaW 24 0.35 3 4.17 23 9.167 2 6.74notgnihsaW 125 7.73§ 73 0.17 493 7.757§ 63 5.96

releehW - - - - - - - -llihmaY 961 9.94 91 4.211 301 8.616 71 4.201

.orezsiytitnauQ-

.evifnahtsselsistisivforebmunroretsemirtdrihtehtninageberaC¹

.egafosraey91-51selamef000,1repsetaR²

.shtrib000,1repsetaR³




Teen Pregnancy 4-19

.9-4ELBAT,rehtoMfoegAybstnafnIfosemoctuOhtriB


semoctuOhtriB latoTshtriB

egAs'rehtoM51< 51 61 71 81 91 91-51 +02 .S.N

shtriblatoT 391,54 68 722 185 889 285,1 311,2 194,5 316,93 3

thgiewhtriB 1

sselro.rG9941 324 1 9 7 8 33 32 08 243 -skeew82< 251 1 6 2 2 31 5 82 321 -skeew63-82 322 - 2 3 5 11 51 63 781 -skeew14-73 91 - - - 1 3 - 4 51 -skeew+24 2 - - - - - - - 2 -nwonknU 72 - 1 2 - 6 3 21 51 -

smarg9942-0051 310,2 4 61 03 06 38 121 013 996,1 -skeew82< 11 - - - - 1 2 3 8 -skeew63-82 570,1 2 8 61 33 93 85 451 919 -skeew14-73 877 1 7 11 22 73 84 521 256 -skeew+24 94 - - 1 3 1 3 8 14 -nwonknU 001 1 1 2 2 5 01 02 97 -

smarg+0052 947,24 18 202 445 029 664,1 969,1 101,5 565,73 2skeew82< 41 - - 2 - - - 2 21 -skeew63-82 277,1 4 21 43 04 47 101 162 705,1 -skeew14-73 673,33 25 441 783 166 760,1 044,1 996,3 426,92 1skeew+24 189,4 61 82 87 251 532 692 987 571,4 1nwonknU 606,2 9 81 34 76 09 231 053 742,2 -

RAGPAetuniM53-0 291 1 3 3 01 9 9 43 751 -6-4 146 2 - 21 31 52 53 58 455 -01-7 651,44 38 022 565 369 445,1 160,2 353,5 817,83 2

detatstoN 402 - 4 1 2 4 8 91 481 1

desuoccaboTseY 294,6 61 74 231 552 114 894 343,1 231,5 1

oN 082,83 76 871 534 817 251,1 495,1 770,4 531,43 1nwonknU 124 3 2 41 51 91 12 17 643 1

desulohoclAseY 428 3 3 61 11 61 33 97 147 1

oN 163,34 97 122 835 949 815,1 920,2 552,5 620,83 1nwonknU 800,1 4 3 72 82 84 15 751 648 1

redrohtriBts1 183,81 68 612 455 088 652,1 025,1 624,4 968,31 -dn2 027,41 - 11 52 101 103 194 929 987,31 2dr3 342,7 - - 2 5 91 98 511 821,7 -ht4 928,2 - - - - 4 01 41 518,2 -

+5 139,1 - - - - - 1 1 039,1 -nwonknU 98 - - - 2 2 2 6 28 1

eraclatanerPeracoN 723 3 5 9 41 71 02 56 952 -

etalroelttiL 2 280,2 51 82 65 96 621 131 014 756,1 -etauqedA 3 354,24 86 391 705 498 234,1 639,1 269,4 324,73 -

nwonknU 133 - 1 9 11 7 62 45 472 3

.orezsiytitnauQ-

.stnafni8rofnwonknusawthgiewhtribehT¹

.evifnahtsselsistisivforebmunroretsemirtdrihtehtninageberaC²

.redivorplacidemaotstisiveviftsaeltaedamtneitap;retsemirtdrihtotroirpnageberaclatanerP³


.01-4ELBAT,egAybrehtoMfoscitsiretcarahCcihpargomeD


rehtoMfoscihpargomeDshtriB

egAs'rehtoM

51< 51 61 71 81 91 91-51 +02 .S.N

shtriBlatoT 391,54 68 722 185 889 285,1 311,2 194,5 316,93 3

ecaR/yticinhtE)cinapsiH-non(etihW 134,43 64 921 163 446 831,1 155,1 328,3 165,03 1

)secarlla(cinapsiH 209,6 23 87 541 252 613 504 691,1 376,5 1)cinapsiH-non(naciremAnacirfA 088 3 6 42 43 15 16 671 107 -

)cinapsiH-non(naidnInaciremA 856 4 01 62 03 53 64 741 705 -)cinapsiH-non(etihwnonrehtO 051,2 1 4 02 42 73 14 621 320,2 -

nwonknU 1 271 - - 5 4 5 9 32 841 1

sutatslatiraMdeirramnU 837,31 38 022 345 738 781,1 793,1 481,4 964,9 2

deirraM 554,13 3 7 83 151 593 617 703,1 441,03 1

noitacudEsselroedarght8 517,2 66 75 47 49 811 141 484 461,2 1

edarght9 218,1 71 801 641 731 521 531 156 441,1 -edarght01 710,2 - 94 912 642 991 591 809 901,1 -edarght11 365,2 - 4 77 662 043 223 900,1 355,1 1edarght21 318,41 - - 33 802 196 240,1 479,1 938,21 -

egellocemoS 952,01 - - - 8 35 512 672 389,9 -egelloC 862,6 - - - - - - - 862,6 -

etaerualaccabtsoP 824,3 - - - - - - - 824,3 -nwonknU 813,1 3 9 23 92 65 36 981 521,1 1

evilawonnerdlihCenO 609,41 - 11 62 99 003 194 729 779,31 2owT 091,7 - - 1 5 71 58 801 280,7 -

eerhT 587,2 - - - - 4 9 31 277,2 -+ruoF 997,1 - - - - - 1 1 897,1 -

nwonknU 22 - - - 1 - 1 2 02 -

eraclatanerpfotratSretsemirtts1 414,63 43 521 553 946 550,1 884,1 276,3 707,23 1retsemirtdn2 029,6 53 97 871 572 234 805 274,1 314,5 -retsemirtdr3 133,1 31 71 43 24 37 18 742 170,1 -

eracoN 723 3 5 9 41 71 02 56 952 -nwonknU 102 1 1 5 8 5 61 53 361 2

eraclatanerPeracetauqedanI 2 904,2 81 33 56 38 341 151 574 619,1 -

eracetauqedA 754,24 86 391 705 498 234,1 639,1 269,4 724,73 -nwonknU 723 - 1 9 11 7 62 45 072 3

tnemyapfoecruoSecnarusnietavirP 131,72 22 76 271 023 144 336 336,1 674,52 -

yap-fleS 516,2 7 22 25 67 09 221 263 642,2 -ecnarusnicilbuP 463,41 35 031 333 065 599 203,1 023,3 989,01 2

egarevocrehtO 661 2 3 6 9 9 51 24 221 -noitnemnwonknU 408 1 5 31 71 63 83 901 396 1

noitnemelpitluM 311 1 - 5 6 11 3 52 78 -

.orezsiytitnauQ-

.nwonknusiecar,cinapsiH-nonfi,ronwonknueraecardnayticinhtehtoB¹

.evifnahtsselsistisivforebmunroretsemirtdrihtehtninageberaC²

Teen Pregnancy 4-21

.11-4ELBAT,egAybstneitaPnoitrobAfoscitsiretcarahCcihpargomeD


tneitaPfoscihpargomeDegAs'tneitaPnoitrobA

¹latoT 51< 51 61 71 81 91 91-51 +02 .S.N

snoitrobAlatoT 155,21 56 281 582 745 337 388 036,2 148,9 51

ecaR/yticinhtE)cinapsiH-noN(etihW 727,9 25 941 932 324 285 207 590,2 075,7 01

)secaRllA(cinapsiH 331,1 5 41 12 35 45 08 222 309 3naciremAnacirfA 247 4 01 31 92 45 45 061 675 2naidnInaciremA 142 2 8 5 11 51 81 75 281 -etihwnoNrehtO 277 4 4 11 33 63 04 421 446 -

nwonknU 2 79 - 2 2 3 6 3 61 18 -

sutatSlatiraMdeirraM 218,2 - 1 3 8 42 54 18 727,2 4

deirramnU 313,9 46 571 962 335 886 818 384,2 557,6 11nwonknU 624 1 6 31 6 12 02 66 953 -

noitacudEloohcSedarG 193 45 03 41 81 51 42 101 532 1

edarGht9 863 8 29 56 23 01 61 512 541 -edarGht01 386 2 54 651 521 45 74 724 352 1edarGht11 059 - 2 33 532 951 88 715 234 1edarGht21 819,4 - 6 7 521 034 105 960,1 548,3 4

egelloCemoS 110,3 - - - 6 84 981 342 567,2 3egelloC 005,1 - - - - 3 3 6 194,1 3

etaerualaccabtsoP 683 - - - - 1 - 1 583 -nwonknU 443 1 7 01 6 31 51 15 092 2

evilAwoNnerdlihCenoN 357,5 56 671 152 564 475 216 870,2 306,3 7

enO 592,3 - 5 82 47 431 322 464 628,2 5owT 942,2 - 1 3 6 22 93 17 871,2 -

+eerhT 912,1 - - 1 1 3 8 31 502,1 1nwonknU 53 - - 2 1 - 1 4 92 2

snoitrobAsuoiverPenoN 232,7 46 471 452 644 195 366 821,2 030,5 01

enO 311,3 1 6 62 88 911 861 704 407,2 1owT 103,1 - 2 1 21 81 34 67 522,1 -

+eerhT 848 - - - - 2 8 01 638 2nwonknU 75 - - 4 1 3 1 9 64 2

noitatseGsseLroskeeWthgiE 482,7 42 09 631 842 163 274 703,1 549,5 8

21-9 995,3 72 06 001 091 042 182 178 996,2 261-31 838 7 61 32 56 66 46 432 595 2

+71 847 5 51 42 24 06 95 002 145 2nwonknU 28 2 1 2 2 6 7 81 16 1

desUevitpecartnoCdesUenoN 741,8 64 631 902 993 035 516 988,1 302,6 9

desUslliP 141,1 2 3 51 03 56 57 881 159 -desUmodnoC 483,2 61 93 75 801 221 951 584 978,1 4

evitpecartnoCrehtO 550,1 2 4 5 51 42 83 68 669 1nwonknU 95 - 3 1 1 2 4 11 74 1

erudecorPlacideMegatteruCnoitcuS 416,11 06 861 362 105 356 618 104,2 241,9 11

noitaucavEnoitaliD 257 5 11 02 34 96 15 491 255 1deificepSrehtO 181 - 3 2 3 11 61 53 341 3

nwonknU 4 - - - - - - - 4 -

.orezsiytitnauQ-

.stnedisernogerOybetats-fo-tuodnaetats-nideniatboneebevahotnwonksnoitroballasedulcnI¹

.nwonknusiecar,cinapsiH-nonfiro,nwonknueraecardnayticinhtehtoB²


.21-4ELBAT991,stnediseRnogerO,rehtoMfoegAybrehtaFfoegA 9

s'rehtaFegA

latoTshtriB

egAs'rehtoM

51< 51 61 71 81 91 42-02 +52 .S.N

latoT 391,54 68 722 185 889 285,1 311,2 698,11 717,72 3

51< 3 1 1 1 - - - - - -51 82 5 01 8 2 2 - - 1 -61 28 4 51 81 12 41 3 6 1 -71 722 6 52 44 96 14 42 81 - -81 235 7 22 58 111 431 67 88 9 -91 928 3 71 06 89 312 591 222 12 -

02 660,1 5 21 93 211 571 252 344 82 -

12 913,1 - 8 13 37 151 832 927 98 -

22 716,1 1 4 32 55 531 432 120,1 441 -

32 747,1 1 3 11 93 09 361 161,1 972 -

42 929,1 - 1 41 91 05 811 842,1 874 1

+52 787,03 2 6 22 18 191 663 292,5 728,42 -

.S.N 720,5 15 301 522 803 683 444 866,1 048,1 2

orezsiytitnauQ- .

.31-4ELBAT9991-5991,stnediseRnogerO,rehtoMfoegAybrehtaFfoegA

s'rehtaFegA

latoTshtriB

egAs'rehtoM

51< 51 61 71 81 91 42-02 +52 .S.N

latoT 645,022 084 763,1 399,2 681,5 396,7 472,01 044,75 380,531 03

51< 02 7 7 5 1 - - - - -51 421 21 24 24 01 7 8 - 3 -61 224 62 47 311 99 26 92 81 1 -71 681,1 13 411 252 023 122 831 99 11 -81 925,2 62 121 053 265 726 793 804 83 -91 479,3 92 89 672 206 459 888 920,1 89 -

02 152,5 22 76 402 475 298 302,1 701,2 281 -

12 652,6 6 35 831 253 417 451,1 344,3 693 -

22 525,7 7 33 211 362 906 930,1 847,4 317 1

32 914,8 6 22 17 122 944 287 085,5 882,1 -

42 693,9 6 71 06 201 413 075 069,5 663,2 1

+52 565,941 5 84 541 524 098 308,1 205,52 447,021 3

.S.N 978,52 792 176 522,1 556,1 459,1 362,2 645,8 342,9 52

orezsiytitnauQ- .

Appendix A

: Population

.1-AELBAT9991-0991,5891,0891,5791,0791,0691,0591,nogerO,xeSdnaegAybnoitubirtsiDnoitalupoP

raeYdnaxeS

latoTspuorGegA

4-0 9-5 41-01 91-51 42-02 92-52 43-03 93-53 44-04 94-54 45-05 95-55 46-06 96-56 47-07 +57

0591 143,125,1 519,361 695,131 041,801 837,69 070,501 607,711 008,611 163,711 575,501 822,39 811,68 348,77 032,86 554,45 590,73 174,14M 677,277 416,38 442,76 825,55 256,74 964,15 049,75 039,75 193,95 254,45 475,84 208,44 624,04 720,63 894,82 580,91 441,02

F 565,847 103,08 253,46 216,25 680,94 106,35 667,95 078,85 079,75 321,15 456,44 613,14 714,73 302,23 759,52 010,81 723,12

0691 576,867,1 304,581 333,981 867,071 513,131 377,59 636,69 999,701 251,811 812,611 470,411 313,101 606,78 700,47 809,56 437,25 634,16

M 929,978 033,49 355,69 191,78 364,46 110,64 813,74 429,25 154,75 238,75 475,75 250,25 516,34 300,73 752,23 571,52 081,82

F 647,888 370,19 087,29 775,38 258,66 267,94 813,94 570,55 107,06 683,85 005,65 162,94 199,34 400,73 156,33 955,72 652,33

0791 583,190,2 060,461 543,491 482,112 263,302 836,261 879,831 995,511 238,701 059,711 593,421 699,811 937,011 804,49 106,57 123,06 778,09

M 259,320,1 638,38 472,99 466,701 259,001 945,57 728,86 467,75 837,25 097,75 704,06 365,85 675,45 908,54 688,53 659,62 163,73

F 334,760,1 422,08 170,59 026,301 014,201 980,78 151,07 538,75 490,55 061,06 889,36 334,06 361,65 995,84 517,93 563,33 615,35

5791 437,292,2 039,661 521,671 941,112 835,422 310,222 643,081 355,251 198,221 116,411 839,021 387,521 136,711 017,601 448,68 770,66 795,79

M 871,021,1 133,58 958,98 866,701 402,411 668,801 172,48 284,67 503,16 959,55 449,85 745,06 399,65 941,15 175,04 226,92 704,83

F 655,271,1 995,18 662,68 184,301 433,011 641,311 570,69 170,67 685,16 256,85 499,16 632,56 836,06 165,55 372,64 554,63 091,95

0891 366,236,2 159,791 392,981 645,202 418,522 887,732 274,352 565,722 496,071 101,331 942,911 443,421 688,921 676,711 561,501 763,97 257,811

M 553,692,1 518,101 569,69 495,301 096,411 008,711 768,621 170,511 740,68 370,76 849,85 653,06 100,26 130,65 782,94 404,53 604,44

F 803,633,1 631,69 823,29 259,89 421,111 889,911 506,621 494,211 746,48 820,66 103,06 889,36 588,76 546,16 878,55 369,34 643,47

5891 008,576,2 599,891 172,591 548,481 808,791 146,512 728,722 147,342 754,222 041,561 125,821 035,211 155,511 723,811 756,311 273,39 711,241

M 949,313,1 833,101 443,001 916,49 111,101 314,901 815,211 775,121 861,211 090,38 905,46 233,55 924,55 393,55 613,25 496,14 890,35

F 158,163,1 756,79 729,49 622,09 796,69 822,601 903,511 461,221 982,011 050,28 210,46 891,75 221,06 439,26 143,16 876,15 910,98

0991 000,748,2 876,302 567,502 559,991 187,091 185,991 209,122 898,332 689,942 795,322 333,661 672,821 111,211 976,211 504,021 146,99 314,871

M 242,693,1 967,401 250,601 837,201 045,79 025,101 921,211 782,511 476,421 206,211 004,38 829,36 393,45 679,25 298,45 374,34 078,56

F 857,054,1 909,89 317,99 712,79 142,39 160,89 377,901 116,811 213,521 599,011 339,28 843,46 817,75 307,95 315,56 861,65 345,211

1991 000,039,2 987,312 523,612 810,312 353,191 807,791 293,802 062,242 843,652 987,142 827,371 122,631 089,511 464,911 866,221 983,401 865,671

M 122,044,1 413,901 341,111 750,901 013,89 372,001 536,501 354,021 734,721 542,121 452,78 638,76 413,65 143,65 153,65 534,64 328,66F 977,984,1 574,401 281,501 169,301 340,39 534,79 757,201 708,121 119,821 445,021 474,68 583,86 666,95 321,36 713,66 459,75 547,901

A-2

Volu

me 1

• Ore

gon

Vita

l Sta

tistics R

eport 1

999

.1-AELBAT)deunitnoC(9991-0991,5891,0891,5791,0791,0691,0591,nogerO,xeSdnaegAybnoitubirtsiDnoitalupoP

raeYdnaxeS

latoTspuorGegA

4-0 9-5 41-01 91-51 42-02 92-52 43-03 93-53 44-04 94-54 45-05 95-55 46-06 96-56 47-07 +57

2991 000,979,2 049,712 090,712 389,412 858,591 819,302 434,502 415,932 809,852 169,442 970,491 475,441 895,811 262,611 037,121 410,801 731,771M 016,664,1 980,211 332,111 041,011 497,001 147,301 003,401 323,911 776,821 474,221 153,79 190,27 309,75 239,45 419,55 790,84 155,76

F 093,215,1 158,501 758,501 348,401 460,59 771,001 431,101 191,021 132,031 784,221 827,69 384,27 596,06 033,16 618,56 719,95 685,901

3991 000,830,3 939,422 611,612 657,812 843,302 991,902 675,402 908,832 004,062 950,152 913,502 097,251 869,021 611,511 313,121 255,111 047,381

M 155,594,1 151,511 645,011 952,211 402,401 819,601 210,401 252,911 191,921 332,521 978,201 383,67 530,95 662,45 889,55 406,94 036,07

F 944,245,1 887,901 075,501 794,601 441,99 182,201 465,001 755,911 902,131 628,521 044,201 704,67 339,16 058,06 523,56 849,16 011,311

4991 000,280,3 056,822 856,812 493,222 230,902 975,412 350,302 231,332 330,752 436,652 857,612 958,061 151,421 193,211 767,021 478,311 530,091

M 638,615,1 645,711 847,111 231,411 609,601 168,901 075,201 485,611 536,721 774,721 965,801 954,08 538,06 281,35 570,65 785,05 866,27

F 461,565,1 401,111 019,601 262,801 621,201 817,401 184,001 845,611 893,921 751,921 981,801 004,08 613,36 902,95 296,46 782,26 763,711

5991 000,231,3 485,132 315,522 066,222 595,312 223,802 865,991 611,232 372,852 101,462 083,232 366,071 959,921 424,311 824,121 218,311 206,491

M 331,345,1 939,811 413,511 235,411 163,901 469,601 182,101 327,611 720,821 498,031 941,611 741,58 510,46 758,35 903,65 825,05 390,57

F 768,885,1 546,211 991,011 821,801 432,401 853,101 782,89 393,511 642,031 702,331 132,611 615,58 449,56 765,95 911,56 482,36 905,911

6991 000,181,3 325,332 335,722 811,322 120,122 601,012 278,402 960,622 527,852 757,662 512,842 988,571 400,731 591,411 062,021 833,311 573,002

M 239,665,1 278,911 094,611 065,411 007,211 533,801 069,301 701,411 033,821 470,231 978,321 047,78 285,76 344,45 397,55 873,05 986,67

F 860,416,1 156,311 340,111 855,801 123,801 177,101 219,001 269,111 593,031 386,431 633,421 941,88 224,96 257,95 764,46 069,26 686,321

7991 000,712,3 320,132 813,922 049,322 660,922 431,612 595,602 786,912 182,552 631,962 613,942 017,291 451,241 109,511 243,811 283,311 510,502

M 877,585,1 276,811 666,711 218,411 872,711 599,011 228,401 989,011 587,621 901,331 291,421 321,69 730,07 565,55 588,45 545,05 303,97

F 222,136,1 153,211 256,111 821,901 887,111 931,501 377,101 896,801 694,821 720,631 421,521 785,69 711,27 633,06 754,36 738,26 217,521

8991 055,762,3 072,612 557,522 277,332 894,832 904,502 995,802 857,722 922,462 854,872 656,452 209,102 899,941 993,321 924,711 808,011 016,012

M 052,616,1 016,011 718,511 141,021 112,321 118,501 105,501 045,311 135,231 796,041 980,821 997,001 609,27 060,95 869,45 937,94 038,28

F 003,156,1 066,501 839,901 136,311 782,511 895,99 890,301 812,411 896,131 167,731 765,621 301,101 290,77 933,46 164,26 960,16 087,721

9991 008,003,3 725,912 987,622 697,532 700,342 692,902 047,602 491,222 347,952 033,672 379,952 628,112 646,061 730,821 151,511 425,011 122,512

M 798,926,1 621,211 092,611 080,121 002,521 240,701 266,301 481,011 649,921 325,931 065,031 865,501 140,87 403,16 629,35 350,05 393,58F 309,076,1 104,701 994,011 617,411 708,711 552,201 770,301 010,211 797,921 708,631 314,921 852,601 606,28 337,66 522,16 174,06 828,921

.ytisrevinUetatSdnaltroP,susneCdnahcraeseRnoitalupoProfretneCybdedivorpsetamitseeraatad'sraeyrehtollA.susneC.S.Ueraatad0991dna,0891,0791,0691,0591:ecruoS

Popula

tion

A-3

.2-AELBAT9991,1yluJ:xeSdnaegAybseitnuoCstIdnanogerOrofsetamitsEnoitalupoP

ytnuoCsexeShtoB

segAllA 4-0 9-5 41-01 71-51 91-81 42-02 92-52 43-03 93-53 44-04 94-54 45-05 95-55 46-06 96-56 47-07 97-57 +08

latoT 008,003,3 725,912 987,622 697,532 686,741 123,59 692,902 047,602 491,222 347,952 033,672 379,952 628,112 646,061 730,821 151,511 425,011 502,69 610,911

rekaB 007,61 968 691,1 772,1 357 463 856 508 359 261,1 421,1 313,1 772,1 770,1 238 786 957 176 329notneB 001,77 590,4 176,4 258,4 070,3 825,4 974,01 362,5 603,5 620,6 358,5 953,5 002,4 921,3 952,2 202,2 900,2 616,1 581,2

samakcalC 058,623 953,02 936,22 119,42 019,51 095,8 112,71 759,71 482,12 384,62 921,13 986,03 355,32 952,61 147,11 774,01 323,9 020,8 613,01postalC 057,43 620,2 093,2 735,2 926,1 939 478,1 639,1 861,2 646,2 147,2 926,2 263,2 138,1 445,1 473,1 004,1 342,1 184,1

aibmuloC 056,24 544,2 301,3 407,3 942,2 231,1 920,2 302,2 566,2 232,3 308,3 397,3 901,3 191,2 426,1 204,1 434,1 202,1 823,1sooC 053,16 602,3 599,3 503,4 247,2 793,1 418,2 601,3 964,3 111,4 394,4 617,4 594,4 056,3 050,3 432,3 410,3 706,2 059,2

koorC 008,61 701,1 191,1 562,1 358 524 878 168 869 831,1 292,1 722,1 641,1 139 197 817 547 336 926yrruC 050,22 548 422,1 943,1 887 743 996 998 900,1 453,1 715,1 555,1 715,1 493,1 785,1 328,1 026,1 492,1 822,1

setuhcseD 007,601 084,6 083,7 319,7 268,4 496,2 542,5 908,5 290,7 910,9 925,9 677,8 313,7 285,5 967,4 602,4 478,3 670,3 180,3salguoD 058,001 256,5 947,6 925,7 888,4 786,2 197,4 960,5 396,5 387,6 845,7 906,7 099,6 078,5 476,4 320,5 177,4 680,4 734,4

mailliG 001,2 38 971 381 97 94 65 001 441 141 651 921 161 441 221 101 68 09 59tnarG 000,8 864 165 506 683 091 513 404 874 795 026 736 816 574 683 013 323 472 353

yenraH 006,7 314 935 995 683 161 213 004 484 845 165 336 916 954 543 303 272 642 813reviRdooH 007,91 594,1 084,1 035,1 859 915 740,1 762,1 305,1 945,1 374,1 234,1 612,1 429 247 446 466 965 686

noskcaJ 055,471 835,01 645,11 473,21 098,7 267,4 354,9 911,9 180,01 267,21 693,41 880,41 975,11 491,9 347,7 617,7 283,7 674,6 254,7nosreffeJ 056,71 205,1 744,1 463,1 458 524 550,1 781,1 860,1 251,1 112,1 301,1 680,1 548 407 687 807 236 025enihpesoJ 004,37 720,4 436,4 180,5 982,3 416,1 770,3 642,3 528,3 627,4 757,5 990,6 911,5 083,4 797,3 889,3 048,3 442,3 556,3

htamalK 003,26 181,4 572,4 666,4 260,3 449,1 877,3 493,3 885,3 003,4 048,4 916,4 331,4 594,3 327,2 506,2 073,2 320,2 403,2

ekaL 004,7 783 915 506 473 231 582 253 464 225 945 755 785 034 273 133 743 252 533enaL 007,513 505,81 485,02 986,12 664,31 280,11 540,52 594,91 260,02 410,52 074,62 674,42 268,91 496,41 836,11 745,11 130,11 533,9 407,11

nlocniL 053,34 391,2 477,2 838,2 386,1 197 227,1 179,1 244,2 392,3 514,3 032,3 319,2 686,2 194,2 056,2 524,2 619,1 819,1nniL 000,301 760,7 072,7 506,7 459,4 959,2 449,5 459,5 091,6 771,7 229,7 802,8 060,7 072,5 032,4 979,3 029,3 473,3 819,3

ruehlaM 007,03 784,2 265,2 056,2 177,1 479 495,1 886,1 517,1 419,1 450,2 480,2 898,1 495,1 053,1 490,1 641,1 449 381,1noiraM 052,572 929,12 003,02 994,02 859,21 571,8 648,71 569,71 084,81 914,02 224,12 614,02 328,61 199,21 349,9 493,8 144,8 616,7 436,01

worroM 055,9 857 388 519 175 332 524 074 706 466 256 726 226 905 483 403 523 903 192hamontluM 058,646 516,54 389,04 583,04 767,42 375,81 461,74 626,94 288,05 389,65 936,65 290,94 222,83 419,82 950,42 861,81 039,71 844,61 004,22

kloP 001,06 624,3 353,4 837,4 087,2 671,2 683,4 480,3 814,3 833,4 247,4 124,4 707,3 899,2 682,2 863,2 323,2 830,2 915,2namrehS 009,1 88 031 151 001 23 34 78 031 921 751 111 621 721 521 601 801 67 37koomalliT 001,42 081,1 894,1 496,1 189 574 098 590,1 192,1 426,1 717,1 447,1 946,1 575,1 085,1 754,1 493,1 421,1 331,1

allitamU 000,86 219,4 452,5 783,5 784,3 801,2 523,4 673,4 814,4 438,4 250,5 038,4 483,4 862,3 066,2 852,2 202,2 578,1 863,2

noinU 005,42 374,1 937,1 110,2 552,1 268 966,1 202,1 683,1 277,1 698,1 948,1 485,1 752,1 809 308 898 738 790,1awollaW 002,7 313 815 275 433 431 652 333 304 675 994 765 515 154 563 143 233 982 204

ocsaW 056,22 284,1 895,1 287,1 790,1 025 849 601,1 392,1 085,1 667,1 817,1 425,1 851,1 889 410,1 969 559 151,1notgnihsaW 057,404 663,23 108,92 332,92 262,81 743,01 765,52 059,92 676,13 377,43 727,63 251,33 447,42 429,61 951,21 711,01 224,9 134,8 001,11

releehW 006,1 17 88 101 17 53 25 16 95 59 511 831 041 421 201 99 49 07 38llihmaY 001,38 084,5 537,6 798,6 821,4 749,2 563,5 109,4 794,5 803,6 394,6 443,6 279,4 848,3 569,2 225,2 126,2 413,2 367,2

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segAllA 4-0 9-5 41-01 71-51 91-81 42-02 92-52 43-03 93-53 44-04 94-54 45-05 95-55 46-06 96-56 47-07 97-57 +08

latoT 798,926,1 621,211 092,611 080,121 351,67 740,94 240,701 266,301 481,011 649,921 325,931 065,031 865,501 140,87 403,16 629,35 350,05 579,14 814,34

rekaB 293,8 434 516 707 693 191 753 124 174 016 955 966 666 805 124 123 473 703 463

notneB 389,83 541,2 824,2 584,2 785,1 243,2 848,5 018,2 136,2 879,2 800,3 466,2 570,2 625,1 770,1 530,1 829 486 337

samakcalC 483,161 943,01 926,11 528,21 972,8 074,4 878,8 738,8 803,01 259,21 383,51 716,51 519,11 590,8 027,5 719,4 281,4 154,3 675,3

postalC 503,71 550,1 862,1 833,1 028 374 699 310,1 970,1 113,1 124,1 843,1 871,1 198 127 746 726 565 455

aibmuloC 805,12 832,1 016,1 719,1 851,1 385 050,1 001,1 692,1 806,1 739,1 299,1 046,1 521,1 108 476 176 945 165

sooC 154,03 296,1 250,2 202,2 924,1 827 364,1 145,1 807,1 610,2 852,2 873,2 491,2 908,1 794,1 816,1 684,1 281,1 891,1

koorC 005,8 075 136 186 564 232 444 224 884 565 576 236 306 814 904 443 343 503 172

yrruC 859,01 034 736 066 693 471 343 064 584 217 937 147 547 556 008 649 528 166 055

setuhcseD 993,35 543,3 708,3 570,4 456,2 174,1 917,2 318,2 883,3 394,4 798,4 962,4 266,3 247,2 473,2 630,2 529,1 674,1 452,1

salguoD 670,05 229,2 014,3 478,3 385,2 024,1 124,2 264,2 887,2 183,3 108,3 038,3 594,3 448,2 913,2 874,2 972,2 719,1 158,1

mailliG 940,1 83 001 39 54 82 92 94 66 57 08 55 67 77 75 85 04 24 14

tnarG 250,4 232 582 323 581 19 871 202 332 413 913 733 103 352 391 161 651 831 051

yenraH 748,3 512 882 192 391 08 651 702 432 982 382 523 623 432 171 841 541 231 031

reviRdooH 641,01 767 817 647 835 292 665 886 128 468 997 077 026 064 363 303 413 562 352

noskcaJ 045,58 913,5 798,5 753,6 089,3 204,2 308,4 894,4 268,4 881,6 872,7 989,6 427,5 835,4 837,3 627,3 994,3 539,2 708,2

nosreffeJ 998,8 647 927 107 934 812 645 416 455 016 636 665 515 983 033 024 453 603 822

enihpesoJ 258,53 170,2 804,2 356,2 737,1 358 835,1 855,1 948,1 542,2 318,2 100,3 944,2 011,2 048,1 498,1 148,1 494,1 894,1

htamalK 794,13 690,2 612,2 174,2 436,1 730,1 260,2 117,1 687,1 501,2 794,2 963,2 331,2 286,1 453,1 892,1 951,1 359 239

ekaL 637,3 881 172 803 691 96 341 481 032 072 182 482 213 991 681 381 661 721 041

enaL 881,451 724,9 944,01 201,11 557,6 955,5 086,21 057,9 217,9 651,21 813,31 921,21 899,9 140,7 115,5 392,5 059,4 970,4 082,4

nlocniL 979,02 611,1 304,1 814,1 648 893 968 849 181,1 636,1 517,1 445,1 973,1 922,1 371,1 672,1 761,1 468 818

nniL 279,05 875,3 977,3 259,3 645,2 125,1 180,3 849,2 070,3 516,3 539,3 631,4 684,3 385,2 740,2 958,1 297,1 425,1 225,1

ruehlaM 212,51 802,1 992,1 753,1 929 115 108 858 609 339 940,1 250,1 339 267 656 625 555 744 034

noiraM 976,631 542,11 963,01 774,01 408,6 292,4 263,9 254,9 465,9 715,01 569,01 190,01 452,8 912,6 655,4 918,3 576,3 732,3 977,3

worroM 268,4 273 644 225 292 911 912 232 613 043 353 613 213 542 902 341 461 441 711

hamontluM 656,613 324,32 739,02 426,02 354,21 833,9 744,32 178,42 035,52 971,92 279,82 067,42 668,81 268,31 403,11 820,8 044,7 525,6 590,7

kloP 381,92 947,1 272,2 824,2 614,1 801,1 941,2 705,1 336,1 521,2 393,2 871,2 328,1 624,1 380,1 040,1 840,1 758 849

namrehS 089 34 27 38 65 81 32 84 07 66 08 95 95 06 76 45 65 83 03

koomalliT 009,11 026 277 378 915 152 164 555 446 628 758 509 147 127 877 927 856 094 105

allitamU 875,43 515,2 127,2 597,2 648,1 611,1 104,2 804,2 843,2 084,2 306,2 244,2 012,2 685,1 862,1 360,1 320,1 538 919

noinU 331,21 367 619 150,1 816 424 088 975 636 909 569 329 108 526 254 004 593 193 504

awollaW 406,3 641 752 603 861 76 531 861 691 113 062 382 272 322 171 181 951 431 661

ocsaW 740,11 237 708 649 955 562 574 525 816 997 468 068 228 035 544 305 834 134 724

notgnihsaW 366,891 335,61 472,51 298,41 934,9 843,5 576,21 207,41 516,51 491,71 980,81 286,61 513,21 893,8 537,5 175,4 979,3 304,3 028,3

releehW 218 33 44 64 44 12 82 13 32 44 55 27 56 66 45 74 16 23 64llihmaY 478,14 077,2 574,3 305,3 251,2 635,1 618,2 784,2 348,2 032,3 883,3 192,3 106,2 909,1 424,1 881,1 281,1 450,1 520,1


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rekaB 803,8 534 185 075 753 371 103 583 284 255 565 446 116 965 114 663 583 463 855

notneB 711,83 949,1 342,2 763,2 284,1 681,2 036,4 354,2 576,2 840,3 548,2 596,2 521,2 406,1 281,1 761,1 180,1 239 254,1

samakcalC 664,561 010,01 900,11 680,21 036,7 021,4 333,8 021,9 579,01 235,31 647,51 270,51 836,11 361,8 020,6 065,5 041,5 075,4 047,6

postalC 544,71 179 221,1 002,1 908 664 878 229 980,1 533,1 023,1 282,1 481,1 049 328 727 477 876 619

aibmuloC 241,12 702,1 494,1 687,1 190,1 945 979 401,1 073,1 426,1 668,1 108,1 074,1 660,1 328 827 467 356 867

sooC 998,03 315,1 249,1 301,2 313,1 966 153,1 565,1 167,1 590,2 532,2 833,2 103,2 148,1 255,1 616,1 825,1 524,1 157,1

koorC 003,8 735 065 485 883 391 534 934 084 375 816 595 345 215 283 473 204 823 853

yrruC 290,11 514 785 986 293 371 653 934 425 246 877 418 277 937 787 778 597 336 876

setuhcseD 103,35 631,3 375,3 838,3 802,2 322,1 625,2 599,2 407,3 625,4 336,4 705,4 156,3 048,2 693,2 071,2 949,1 006,1 728,1

salguoD 477,05 037,2 933,3 656,3 503,2 762,1 073,2 706,2 509,2 204,3 747,3 977,3 594,3 620,3 553,2 545,2 294,2 961,2 685,2

mailliG 150,1 54 87 09 43 12 72 15 87 66 67 57 68 76 56 34 64 84 45

tnarG 849,3 532 572 282 102 99 731 202 642 382 103 003 713 222 391 941 761 631 202

yenraH 357,3 891 052 703 391 18 651 291 942 952 872 903 392 522 471 651 821 411 981

reviRdooH 455,9 827 267 387 024 822 184 975 386 586 476 266 795 464 083 043 153 403 234

noskcaJ 010,98 812,5 946,5 710,6 019,3 063,2 056,4 026,4 812,5 475,6 811,7 990,7 558,5 656,4 600,4 199,3 388,3 145,3 546,4

nosreffeJ 157,8 757 917 366 514 702 015 375 415 245 675 735 175 654 473 663 453 723 292

enihpesoJ 845,73 659,1 622,2 824,2 255,1 267 835,1 986,1 779,1 184,2 449,2 890,3 176,2 962,2 759,1 490,2 899,1 057,1 651,2

htamalK 308,03 580,2 850,2 691,2 824,1 709 617,1 386,1 208,1 591,2 343,2 052,2 999,1 318,1 863,1 703,1 112,1 070,1 273,1

ekaL 466,3 002 942 792 871 36 241 761 532 352 862 372 572 132 581 841 181 521 591

enaL 215,161 870,9 531,01 785,01 117,6 325,5 563,21 547,9 053,01 858,21 151,31 743,21 468,9 356,7 721,6 552,6 180,6 652,5 524,7

nlocniL 173,22 770,1 173,1 024,1 738 393 358 320,1 162,1 656,1 007,1 786,1 335,1 754,1 813,1 573,1 852,1 250,1 101,1

nniL 820,25 094,3 194,3 356,3 804,2 834,1 368,2 600,3 021,3 165,3 789,3 270,4 375,3 786,2 481,2 021,2 821,2 058,1 693,2

ruehlaM 884,51 972,1 362,1 392,1 248 364 397 038 808 189 400,1 230,1 469 238 496 865 195 794 457

noiraM 175,831 486,01 239,9 220,01 451,6 388,3 484,8 315,8 619,8 109,9 854,01 423,01 965,8 277,6 783,5 575,4 767,4 973,4 458,6

worroM 986,4 783 734 393 972 411 602 832 192 423 992 113 013 462 571 161 161 561 571

hamontluM 491,033 291,22 640,02 167,91 513,21 532,9 717,32 557,42 153,52 408,72 766,72 233,42 553,91 250,51 557,21 931,01 094,01 429,9 503,51

kloP 719,03 776,1 180,2 013,2 463,1 860,1 732,2 775,1 587,1 312,2 943,2 342,2 488,1 375,1 302,1 823,1 472,1 181,1 075,1

namrehS 029 54 95 86 44 41 12 93 16 36 67 25 76 76 85 15 25 83 34

koomalliT 002,21 065 627 128 264 422 824 045 846 897 168 048 809 458 208 727 637 436 236

allitamU 224,33 793,2 435,2 295,2 146,1 299 429,1 869,1 170,2 453,2 944,2 783,2 471,2 286,1 393,1 691,1 971,1 040,1 944,1

noinU 763,21 117 328 069 836 834 987 326 947 368 139 629 387 336 654 404 405 644 296

awollaW 695,3 661 162 662 561 66 121 461 702 562 042 382 342 822 491 061 371 551 732

ocsaW 306,11 057 197 638 835 552 374 185 476 187 209 858 107 826 345 115 135 425 527

notgnihsaW 780,602 338,51 725,41 143,41 328,8 999,4 298,21 842,51 160,61 875,71 836,81 074,61 924,21 725,8 424,6 645,5 344,5 820,5 082,7

releehW 887 83 44 55 72 31 52 13 63 15 06 56 57 75 84 35 33 83 93llihmaY 622,14 017,2 162,3 493,3 779,1 114,1 945,2 314,2 556,2 870,3 501,3 350,3 173,2 939,1 145,1 433,1 934,1 952,1 737,1


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Appendix B: Technical Notes — Definitions

BIRTHSApgar Score is a numerical expression of the condition of

a newborn shortly after birth. It is the sum of points accumu-lated upon assessment of the heart rate, respiratory effort,muscle tone, reflex irritability, and color. The highest possiblescore is ten. A low Apgar score (seven or less) measured fiveminutes after birth indicates the infant is at increased risk ofmorbidity and mortality.

Births to Unmarried Mothers Ratio is the number of births tounmarried mothers per 1,000 live births.

Crude Birth Rate is the number of live births per 1,000 totalpopulation.

Live Birth is the complete expulsion or extraction from itsmother of a product of conception, irrespective of the durationof pregnancy, which, after such a separation, breathes or showsany other evidence of life such as beating of the heart, pulsationof the umbilical cord, or definite movement of voluntarymuscles, whether or not the umbilical cord has been cut or theplacenta is attached; each product of such a birth is consideredlive born.2

Low Birthweight Infant is a live born infant with a birth-weight less than 5 pounds, 8 ounces (2,500 grams) as reportedon the birth certificate.

DEATHSCrude Death Rate is the number of deaths per 1,000 or

100,000 total population.

Fetal Death is death prior to the complete expulsion orextraction from its mother of a product of conception, except wheresuch expulsion results from a therapeutic abortion; the death isindicated by the fact that after such separation, the fetus does notbreathe or show any other evidence of life such as beating of theheart, pulsation of the umbilical cord, or definite movement ofvoluntary muscles. Effective November 10, 1997, ORS 423.333requires the reporting of "each fetal death of 350 grams or more,or if weight is unknown, of 20 completed weeks gestation or more,calculated from the date last normal menstrual period began to thedate of delivery."

Fetal Death Ratio is the number of fetal deaths per 1,000 livebirths. Ratios differ from rates.

Infant Death is the death of a child prior to its first birthday.

Infant Death Rate is the number of infant deaths per 1,000 livebirths.

Maternal Death Rate is the number of female deaths attributedto childbirth or to complications of pregnancy or the puerperium,per 100,000 live births.

Neonatal Death is the death of a child within the first 27 daysof life.

B-2 Volume 1 • Oregon Vital Statistics Report 1999

Neonatal Death Rate is the number of neonatal deaths per1,000 live births.

Postneonatal Death is the death of a child after 27 days of lifeand before its first birthday.

Postneonatal Death Rate is the number of postneonataldeaths per 1,000 live births.

Perinatal Death is the death of a fetus after 20 weeksgestation or the death of a live-born infant prior to the 28th dayof life. Other medical literature may include different timeperiods.

Perinatal Death Ratio is the number of perinatal deaths per1,000 total live births.

MEDICAL PERSONNEL — ABBREVIATIONS USEDIN TABLES

C.N.M. � certified nurse midwife.

D.C. � doctor of chiropractic medicine.

D.O. � doctor of osteopathic medicine.

M.D. � medical doctor.

N.D. � naturopathic doctor.

R.N. � registered nurse.

L.D.E.M. � licensed direct entry midwife.

1. Vital Statistics of the United States, 1982, vol. 1, section 4, page 1.U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public HealthService, National Center for Health Statistics, Maryland, 1986.

2. Ventura SJ, Martin JA, Curtin SC, Mathews TJ. Births: FinalData for 1997. National vital statistics reports; Vol 47 No 18.Hyattsville, Maryland: National Center for Health Statistics.1999.

Technical Notes — Methodology

INDUCED TERMINATIONS OF PREGNANCYExcept for incomplete reporting by providers, the data represent

all abortions performed in Oregon during the current data year. Thatis, the data constitute events associated with the place of occur-rence rather than the �residence data� used in estimating births.This is necessary because many abortions obtained out-of-state byOregon residents are not reported to Oregon�s Center for HealthStatistics. It reflects the great variation in abortion reporting proce-dures among states (e.g., some states do not record the patient�sresidence) as well as the fact that a comprehensive data collectionnetwork among all states, similar to that used in reporting births,does not exist in regard to abortions.

In using �occurrence� data rather than �residence� data to estimateabortion rates for Oregon residents, an implicit assumption is madethat the number of Oregon residents who leave the state to obtain anabortion equals the number of out-of-state residents who obtain anabortion in Oregon. In formulating generalizations which involve trendsor long-term behavioral patterns, annual totals are treated as samplevalues generated by ongoing social, economic, or political processesand thus subject to �chance� variability. For most purposes, numbersoffered in this report should be viewed only as careful approximationsand interpreted only within the framework of statistical safeguardsdeveloped to take sampling variability into account.

Some rates in this section are based on relatively few events and formost comparisons may be used only with extreme caution--due to thechance fluctuations associated with small numbers. A small percent-age of abortion reports lack certain data items. This may greatly affectthe estimation of rates. To minimize the potential bias inherent in suchestimates, unknown events in some cases (Table 4-1) are assigned tothe categories of analysis proportional to the distribution of knownevents. In this way, rates calculated for subsets (e.g., �abortions perthousand teen females�) are, on average, less affected by incompletedata.

NUMBER OF FIRST-TIME ABORTIONS BY YEAR AND AGE GROUP,OREGON OCCURRENCE, 1975-1989

YEARAGE GROUPS

15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44

1975 3,470 2,751 1,331 620 296 1071976 3,877 3,125 1,551 616 297 1081977 3,605 2,921 1,467 650 300 1071978 3,620 3,041 1,573 786 327 981979 3,821 3,149 1,552 811 289 108

1980 3,792 2,965 1,540 795 345 901981 3,261 2,643 1,361 760 343 961982 2,530 2,066 1,093 607 263 831983 2,340 1,976 971 519 287 671984 2,340 2,091 995 580 299 80

1985 2,442 2,041 915 496 324 641986 2,065 1,694 880 506 270 701987 2,375 1,926 935 584 322 831988 2,844 2,281 1,086 661 379 941989 2,801 2,453 1,245 637 415 110


ESTIMATION OF THE CUMULATIVE PROPORTION OFFEMALES WHO HAVE EXPERIENCED AN ABORTION

This figure is estimated by tracing the abortion experience of aspecific cohort of females over an extended time period. In the tableon the previous page, an approximation of the �cumulative total� offirst-time abortions by one of the cohorts may be obtained bysumming the figures in the boxed area.

To obtain this value, it is necessary to sum the number of first-time abortions for 15- to 19-year-olds from 1975 to 1979 and thoseof 20- to 24-year-olds from 1980 to 1984 with those of 25- to 29-year-olds from 1985 to 1989. This provides an estimate of thenumerator in the following equation:

The denominator may be estimated by averaging the size of thecohort during 1975-1989. Table 10-1 lists the annual estimate ofthe number of females within each cohort. For example, in 1975 thenumber of 15- to 19-year-old females was estimated to be 110,334;in the next year it was 111,184. The average size of this age groupfrom 1975 to 1979 was 112,047. Similarly, the number of 20- to 24-year-old women between 1980 and 1984 was 114,553 on average;the number of 25- to 29-year-olds averaged 111,724 between 1985and 1989. Thus, between 1975 and 1989 the cohort of interest hadan average population size of 112,775.

Substituting into the formula given above:

This figure approximates the proportion of females in the25- to 29-year-old cohort who, by 1989, had ever had an abortion.This method of estimation assumes that factors such as deaths andmigration have not altered the composition of the female popula-tion in Oregon--that is, the women who have left the state displaythe same characteristics as those who have moved into Oregon. Italso assumes that patients with a history of previous abortions donot report the current procedure as a first abortion.

TEEN PREGNANCYPregnancy estimates are based upon the estimated number of

teen births and induced terminations among Oregon teens; they donot include the number of fetal deaths or miscarriages (spontane-ous abortions) which occur. The estimation of teen births is consid-ered to be relatively complete and includes births to resident teenseven when they occur out-of-state. The estimation of teen abortionsis based on all reported abortions to teen age residents of Oregon;however, because states often do not report abortions obtainedwithin their borders to the state of residence as occurs with vitalevents such as birth and death, an unknown number of Oregonteens obtain abortion services out-of-state. As a consequence,estimates of teen abortions and teen pregnancies should be consid-ered minimal in nature.

Appendix B: Methodology B-5

Furthermore, because estimates of abortion for teens are based on�residence data,� figures given in Chapter 4 do not correspond exactlyto those in Chapter 3, which are based on �occurrence data.� (SeeInduced Terminations of Pregnancy methodology section.)

The estimation of rates requires an estimate of the size of theappropriate population. Such estimates are now available for15- to 17-year-olds and 18- to 19-year-olds for each county on anannual basis. Because estimated rates based on a small populationmay vary greatly due to chance factors, rates of teen pregnancy,birth, and abortion were calculated for these age groups only ifthere were 50 or more female residents of the appropriate age groupin the county.

Similarly, rates for 15- to 19-year-olds were calculated whenevera county had 50 or more female residents in this age group.

Great caution must be taken in the use of pregnancy statisticsassociated with females under 15 years of age. This is due to the factthat relatively few events are recorded each year for this group. Also,rates are based on the estimated population cohort of 10-14 year oldfemales�many of whom are physiologically not yet at risk ofpregnancy. Thus, any direct comparison of rates between this groupand another age group�e.g., 15- to 17-year-olds�would be inap-propriate.

DEMOGRAPHICSThe extent to which Oregon�s demographic composition may

affect its national ranking is indicated by comparisons shown inthe sidebar. In 1990, Oregon�s birth rate for all teens (regardless ofrace or ethnic affiliation) was nine percent lower than that of theU.S. and, among all 50 states, it had the 24th lowest teen birth rate.Yet, if comparisons were made in terms of births to non-Hispanicwhite teens only, Oregon would have been 36th and the rate wouldhave been 19 percent higher than that of the U.S. This results fromthe fact that 87 percent of 15- to 19-year-old females in Oregonwere non-Hispanic whites and only seven percent were eitherHispanic or non-Hispanic African Americans. By comparison, 70percent of the U.S. female population of that age were non-Hispanicwhites and 26 percent were Hispanics or non-Hispanic AfricanAmericans.

,SETARHTRIBNEET,NOGERO.SV.S.U

0991,91-51SEGA

YTICINHTE/ECAR„ETARHTRIB

.S.U NOGERO

†LATOT 9.95 8.45

SETIHWCINAPSIH-NON 5.24 6.05

.SELAMEF000,1REPSETARLLA„

SEITICINHTEDNASECARLLA†.DENIBMOC

Technical Notes — Step-by-Step Instructions

Computations of Percents and RatesEffective as of the 1997 data year, rate and percent-

age calculations in the annual report publications fromthe Center for Health Statistics will be calculatedexcluding missing and unknown values. This means inthis report that births for which a particular character-istic is unknown were subtracted from the figures fortotal births that were used as denominators beforepercents and rates were calculated. This change hasbeen made to more closely match the methodology usedby the National Center for Health Statistics.1

Example: First trimester care (%)

1997 Oregon resident births = 43,765Received first trimester care = 35,377Did not receive first trimester care = 8,234Month prenatal care began is unknown = 154

Including missing values(35,377 / 43,765 X 100) = 80.8%

Excluding missing values(35,377 / 43,611 X 100) = 81.1%

"Through and through the world is infested with quantity:To talk sense is to talk quantities. It is no use saying thenation is large—How large? It is no use saying that radium isscarce—How scarce? You cannot evade quantity. You may flyto poetry and music, and quantity and number will face youin your rhythms and your octaves."

—Alfred North Whitehead

Data users are diverse, including public health officialsevaluating a program by using death data, demographers pro-jecting school enrollments with birth data, and business peopledeciding to open a formal-wear shop based on marriage data.Many of these users have a thorough knowledge of statistics.But others find the entire subject-matter confusing and intimi-dating. For either group, a misunderstanding of what vitalstatistics mean can lead to wrong conclusions. Therefore, thissection is included to provide an overview of how to use vitalstatistics. It is addressed to the person looking at vital eventsfor the first time, but the experienced user may also find areview helpful.


DEATHSINFANT DEATHSNEONATAL DEATHSPOSTNEONATAL DEATHSFETAL DEATHSLOW BIRTH WEIGHT

INFANTSPREGNANCIESINDUCED ABORTIONSMARRIAGESANNULMENTSDIVORCES

Occurrence Data:

Residence Data:

STEP 1: FINDING THE CORRECT NUMBERThe first step is to determine how many of a particular vital

event took place during the year. This involves asking twoquestions:

Which event or events are appropriate?

This may not be as simpleas it sounds. For one thing,examining more than onetype of event may be re-quired. For example, some-one concerned with teenagepregnancies will have to con-sider the number of inducedabortions as well as the num-ber of births which occuramong teens. Taken to-gether, they provide a use-ful measure of the numberof pregnancies.1

Deciding which events touse is important since some-times the choice of one event

over another can lead to easily different conclusions. To deter-mine which events are appropriate, read the �Technical Notes:Definitions� section. The narratives also contain useful ex-amples.

Who should be counted?

If you are a hospital planner who is deciding to expand orcontract delivery services, you want to count the number ofbirths which occurred in your area, regardless of where theparents live. If you are projecting school enrollment, you wantto count only how many children will potentially be residing inyour area. Fortunately, vital events are usually reported so thatboth of these data needs can be met.

The event (the death, birth, marriage, etc.) actually tookplace in the geographic region indicated (either Oregon or aparticular county).

The person participating in the event mayhave lived in Podunk, New York.

The person involved in the event lived in thegeographic region mentioned, but the eventitself may have taken place anywhere in theUnited States or Canada. In other words, aresident of Marion County who died in anaccident while on vacation in Michigan hasbeen added to the Marion County residentdeath figure.

Appendix B: Technical Notes — Step-by-Step Instructions B-9

When in doubt about which type of data to use, residentfigures are usually the best choice. Most birth and death dataare published by residence, which means that comparisonswith other states or the United States as a whole will be easier.Exceptions to this rule are listed in the individual sections.

Once the right event has been determined, and the choicebetween occurrence and residence data has been made, thestatistician can find the correct figures in the table(s) in thisbook. If the needed table is not listed, contact the Center forHealth Statistics for more information.

STEP 2: MAKING THE NUMBER MEANINGFULWITH RATES AND RATIOS

In many instances simply knowing the number of events isnot sufficient. For example, we know more people died inMultnomah County than in Wheeler County, because MultnomahCounty has a much larger population. But what is the likelihoodof dying in each county?

In order to answer this question, statisticians calculaterates. This means that the number of events which occurred iscompared to the population for which that event could haveoccurred, and the figure is then standardized to some number(such as 1,000 or 100,000) for convenience.

Here is an example:

CRUDE DEATH RATE = (DEATHS/POPULATION) X 1,000

a number chosen by vitalstatisticians to improve the

ease of comparisons

the number of peoplewho could have died

The more specifically a statistician can define the �popula-tion at risk� (the denominator or bottom part of the formula), themore meaningful the rate is. For example, the crude birth rate,which compares the number of births to the population, is notnearly as informative as the fertility rate, which uses only thenumber of women of childbearing age (15-44) for comparativepurposes. The fertility rate is not distorted by changes in thenumber of men or pre-pubescent or post-menopausal women inthe population. (The turn of the century notion that onlymarried women between the age of 15 and 44 would beconsidered at risk of pregnancy has been abandoned for obviousreasons.)


Unfortunately we do not always have the correct denomina-tor for the equation. In these situations a substitute is used.For example, how many people are at risk of getting divorced?The number of married people is only available for census years.As a substitute, the crude divorce rate is calculated using thetotal population regardless of marital status. In other situa-tions, the event is simply compared to another related number.For instance, the abortion ratio compares the number of abor-tions to the number of births. This is easier and more accuratethan trying to determine the true denominator, which is thetotal number of pregnant women.

STEP 3: COMPARING TWO OR MORE NUMBERS

Numbers are more meaningful when they are converted intorates and ratios. But problems can arise when rates or ratios arecompared for different geographical areas, different time peri-ods, or different categories such as men versus women.

Chance VariationStatisticians expect a certain amount of chance variation and

have methods to take this into account. The confidence intervaluses the number of cases and their distributions to determinewhat the rate �really is.� For example, a statistician will say, �Weare 95% sure that the true infant death rate for Oregon in 1986was 9.47 ± 0.97; that is, it lies somewhere between 8.50 and10.44.� If two rates have overlapping confidence intervals, thenthe difference between them may be due to this chance varia-tion. In other words the difference is not statistically signifi-cant.

When calculating rates and ratios, great care must betaken to make certain that the appropriate time periods,geographical boundaries, and populations are used.

When comparing rates and ratios, differences should betested for statistical significance. Formulas are listed inthe next section of this chapter.

Small numbersChance variation is a common problem when the numbers

being used to calculate rates are extremely small. Large swingsoften occur in the rates which do not reflect real changes.Consider Tillamook County�s infant mortality rates for a fiveyear period.


The overall rate of 10.1 is quite close to the state rate for thesame time period (10.2). Yet for some years the rate is four timesas high as the rate of other years simply because four additionalinfants died. Public health officials would waste a good deal ofenergy reacting to these annual rates.

Many rates based on small numbers are published in thisbook because readers demand them. But anyone preparing tomake important decisions based on these rates should be wary.Consider this rule of thumb: a rate based on 20 cases has a 95%confidence interval about as wide as the rate itself (i.e., theinterval for a rate of 50 is between 25 and 75). Even largedifferences between two rates based on 20 cases or less areprobably not statistically significant.

If 20 is too few, how many cases are sufficient to say that atrue difference exists? Unfortunately we have no easy rules forthis. To be safe, the vital statistician should always try tocombine several years of data or consolidate geographical areas.Confidence intervals should be calculated, and differencesshould be tested for statistical significance.

Changes in measurementAnother problem is that the numbers being compared have

not always been based on the same type of measurement.Definitions, population estimates, certificates, and coding pro-cedures change from time to time as the need arises. This cancreate �artificial� differences and can disguise �real� differ-ences. The cause-of-death item provides an excellent examplein comparability:

TILLAMOOK COUNTY

YEAR BIRTHS INFANT DEATHSINFANT DEATH

RATES

1981 324 5 15.41982 318 2 6.31983 306 4 13.11984 264 1 3.81985 266 3 11.3

1981-1985 1,478 15 10.1

During the late 1970s,approximately 80 to 85people died each yeardue to hypertensive disease.

Rate = 3.3 per 100,000population

In 1979, 250 people diedfrom this cause.

Rate = 9.8 per 100,000population

It appears that the incidence of hypertensive disease in-creased. But actually, a new coding scheme resulted in moredeaths being coded as due to hypertensive disease.


Taking age, sex, and race into accountMr. G.C. Whipple noted in 1923 that, �We might find that the

death rate of bank presidents was higher than that of news-boys; but this would not be because of different occupations,but because of different ages.� We expect older people to die ata higher rate than younger people We also expect people in theirtwenties to have more babies than the very young or the veryold. Sex and race, as well as age, can affect rates drastically.

When comparing two places or two points in time, it isnecessary to take these influencing characteristics into ac-count. Here is an example:

The crude death rate in-creased between 1950 and1960 from 9.1 to 9.5 deathsper 1,000 population. But anexamination of the death ratesfor each age group indicatesthat all these rates decreased.This apparent contradictionis explained by the fact that in1960 a larger proportion ofthe population was older. Be-cause the risk of death ishigher in older persons, thecrude death rate increased.

1950 1960

Crude Death Rate 9.1 9.5

Age-SpecificDeath Rates

0-4 5.9 5.7

5-14 0.6 0.4

15-24 1.5 1.1

25-44 2.4 2.1

45-64 11.1 10.665+ 58.4 56.8

Before comparing two places or two time periods, alwayscompare the population characteristics first. Ifdiscrepancies are noted in any relevant variables, thenthe rates should be adjusted or standarized in order tomake the comparisons free of differences in the structureof the populations. The formulas for doing this are listedin the following section.

STEP 4: ANALYZING THE DATAThe first three steps have been fairly mechanical:

(1) = Choose the correct events and the correct group todetermine the number of events which took place forthe geographical areas and time periods.

(2) = Calculate the rates.

(3) = Compare these rates to determine if the differencesare statistically significant.

NOW the vital statistician must begin to ask the difficultquestions. If we find that two rates are statistically significantlydifferent, how can we find out why they are different? If thedifferences which we expected did not prove to be significant, isthere another item which perhaps is masking an actual differ-ence? Frequently the statistician has to refine the researchquestion and begin all over again.


Consider the researcher who asks, �Since 1985, has chronicobstructive pulmonary disease posed a greater risk toOregonians?� If the researcher looked at the overall rate, theanswer would be �yes,� but closer examination reveals that thedeath rate for males has declined. It is among women that therate has moved sharply upward, reflecting their increasedsmoking prevalence during recent decades. This gender di-chotomy would need to be addressed in a study of COPDfatalities.

HelpSeveral sources of help are available. Many of the widely

used rates and ratios are presented in the Quick Referencesection, and narratives and figures are included throughout thebook to illustrate changes. And finally, the staff of the Center forHealth Statistics are available for data users who need assis-tance.1 A more complete and accurate estimate of pregnancies based on

outcomes would include: (1) births; (2) fetal deaths (stillbirths);(3) induced abortions; and (4) spontaneous abortions (miscar-riages). However, fetal deaths occur in less than one percent ofall pregnancies and are relatively constant in relation to births(see the Fetal and Infant Mortality chapter in Volume 2) and thenumber of miscarriages which occur is not available in vitalrecords (perhaps 10 percent of all pregnancies). Thus, a measurewhich excludes these outcomes provides an adequate indicator ofthe number of pregnancies.

1. (CRUDE) BIRTH RATE =Resident Births

PopulationX 1,000

Oregon, 1994, =41,832

3,082,800X 1,000 = 13.6

2. AGE- SPECIFIC BIRTH RATE =Resident Births To Mothers in Age Category

Female Population in Age CategoryX 1,000

Oregon, 1994, Age 20- 24 =10,999104,718

X 1,000 = 105.0

3. FERTILITY RATE =Resident Births to Mothers Aged 15- 44

Female Population Aged 15- 44X 1,000

NOTE: Some publications use the following :All Resident Births

Female Population Aged 15- 44

Oregon, 1994 =41,659

682,428X 1,000 = 61.0

4. TOTAL FERTILITY RATE = The Sum of Age-Specific Birth Rates in

5- Year Categories between 15 and 44 X 5

Oregon, 1994 = 5 (51.3 + 105.0 + 115.4 + 78.5 + 30.2 + 6.0) = 1,932.0

GENERAL:

Technical Notes — Formulas

PERCENT CHANGE =New Data - Old Data

Old DataX 100

Birth rate, Oregon , 1993 = 13.7Birth rate, Oregon , 1994 = 13.6

Percent change =13.6 - 13.7

13.7X 100 = - 0.7%


5. FETAL DEATH RATIO =Resident Fetal Deaths (20+ Weeks Gestation)

Resident Live BirthsX 1,000

Oregon , 1994, Residents =224

41,832X 1,000 = 5.4

FETAL DEATH RATE =Resident Fetal Deaths (20+ Weeks Gestation)Resident Live Births + Resident Fetal Deaths

X 1,000

Oregon , 1994, Residents =224

43,591 + 224x 1,000 = 5.1

PERINATAL DEATH RATE =

Resident Neonatal Deaths+ResidentFetal Deaths (20+ Weeks Gestation )

Resident Live Births + Resident Fetal DeathsX 1,000

Oregon, 1994, Residents =148 + 203

41,566 + 203X 1,000 = 8.4

Note: Publications vary in the gestation cutoff for fetal deaths. In addition ,some measures employ birthweight in place of gestational age.Fetal and perinatal death rates are based on 1993 year of birth.

6. ABORTION RATIO =Resident Abortions

Resident BirthsX 1,000 or

Occurrence Abortions

Occurrence BirthsX 1,000

Oregon, 1994, Occurrence =13,391

43,591X 1,000 = 307.2

7. ABORTION RATE =Resident Abortions or Occurrence Abortions

Female Resident Population Aged 15- 44X 1,000

Oregon 1994, Occurrencewith total adjustedfor not stated ages

=13,300

682,428X 1,000 = 19.5

Appendix B: Technical Notes — Formulas B-17

8. (CRUDE) DEATH RATE =Resident Deaths

PopulationX 1,000

Oregon, 1994 =27,361

3,082,000X 1,000 = 8.9

9. INFANT DEATH RATE =Resident Infant Deaths

Resident BirthsX 1,000

Oregon, 1994 =295

41,832X 1,000 = 7.1

10. NEONATAL DEATH RATE =Resident Neonatal Deaths


Oregon, 1994 =164

41,832X 1,000 = 3.9

11. POSTNEONATAL DEATH RATE =Resident Postneonatal Deaths


Oregon, 1994 =131

41,832X 1,000 = 3.1

12. CAUSE- SPECIFIC DEATH RATE =Resident Deaths Due to Specific Cause

PopulationX 100,000

Oregon, 1994, Heart Disease =7,417

3,082,000X 100,000 = 240.7

13. AGE AND SEX- SPECIFIC DEATH RATE =Resident Deaths in Age- Sex Category

Population in Age- Sex PopulationX 1,000

Oregon, 1994, Males Aged 5- 14 =63

225,880X 1,000 = 27.9

DEATHS:


[Beginning with 1998 data, the following methodology is being used for calculating confidenceintervals and statistical significance. This explanation is paraphrased from "Public Health Data:Our Silent Partner�, a training manual from the Public Health Practice Program Office of the Na-tional Center for Health Statistics (Footnote: US Department of Health & Human Services, PublicHealth Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, October 1999. The original materialsare available on-line at http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/training/phd-osp.htm).]

CALCULATING CONFIDENCE INTERVALS FOR RATES:

Confidence limits for rates based on less than 100 events

When the number of events in the numerator is less than 100, the confidence interval for a ratecan be estimated using the two formulas which follow and the values in Table B-1.Lower limit = R x LUpper Limit = R x Uwhere:R = the rateL = the value in Table B-1 that corresponds to the number N in the numerator of the rateU = the value in Table B-1 that corresponds to the number N in the numerator of the rate

Example: Confidence limits for rates based on less than 100 events

In Baker County, the teen pregnancy rate for 10- to 17-year-old teens in 1998 was 13.0 perthousand, based on 12 live births in the numerator. Using Table B-1:

Lower limit = 13.0 x 0.51671 = 6.7Upper limit = 13.0 x 1.7468 = 22.7

This means that the chances are 95 out of 100 that the pregnancy rate in Baker County forteens 10-17 lies between 6.7 and 22.7 per 1,000. So if there were 100 counties like BakerCounty, the teen pregnancy rate would be expected to lie between 6.7 and 22.7 per 1,000 in 95of these counties.

Confidence limits for rates based on 100 or more events

In this case, use the following formula for the rate R based on the number of events N:

where:R = the rate (birth rate, mortality rate, teen pregnancy rate, etc.)N = the number of events (births, deaths, teen pregnancy, etc.)

Lower Limit R [1.96 x R / N]= -

Upper Limit =R+ 196 x R N[ . / ]


Example: Confidence limits for rates based on 100 or more events

In Jackson County, the teen pregnancy rate for teens 10-17 was 13.7 in 1998 based on 143pregnancies. Therefore, the confidence interval would be:

= 13.7 - [1.96 x (13.7 / 11.96)]= 13.7 - [1.96 x 1.15]= 13.7 - 2.25= 11.5

= 13.7 + [1.96 x (13.7 / 11.96)]= 13.7 + [1.96 x 1.15]= 13.7 + 2.25= 16.0

So if there were 100 counties like Jackson County with similar populations, the teen pregnancyrate would be expected to lie between 11.5 and 16.0 per 1,000 in 95 of these counties.

DETERMINING STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE FOR RATES:

If the difference between two rates would occur due to random variability less than 5 times outof 100, then we say that the difference is statistically significant at the 95% level. Otherwise thedifference is not statistically significant.

Computing statistical significance when at least one of the rates is based on fewer than100 events

To compare two rates, when one or both rates are based on fewer than 100 events, computethe confidence intervals for both rates. If the intervals overlap, the difference is not statisticallysignificant.

Example: comparing rates when one is based on fewer than 100 events

Baker County teen pregnancy rate for age 10-17Lower limit = 6.7Upper limit = 22.7Jackson County teen pregnancy rate for age 10-17Lower limit = 11.5Upper limit = 16.0

The confidence intervals overlap - the interval for Jackson County is entirely within the range ofthe interval for Baker County. Therefore, the difference between the teen pregnancy rate forage 10-17 in Baker County and the rate for Jackson County is not statistically significant.

Lower Limit =137 196 x 137 143 . [ . ( . / )]-

Lower Limit =137+ 196 x 137 143. [ . ( . / )]


Computing statistical significance when both rates are based on 100 or more events

When both rates are based on 100 or more events, calculate the difference between the tworates by subtracting the lower rate from the higher rate. The difference is considered statisti-cally significant if it exceeds 1.96 times the standard error for the difference between the tworates.

where:R1 = the first rateR2 = the second rateN1 = the first numberN2 = the second number

If the difference is greater than the statistic, the difference would occur by chance less than 5times out of 100. The difference is statistically significant at the 95 percent confidence level.

If the difference is less than the statistic, the difference might occur by chance more than 5times out of 100. The difference is not statistically significant at the 95 percent confidence level.

Example: comparing rates when both are based on 100 or more eventsThe teen pregnancy rate for Oregon teens age 10-17 in 1997 was 18.0 and the comparablerate for 1998 was 17.2. Both rates are based on more than 100 pregnancies (3,197 in 1997and 3,176 in 1998). The difference between the rates is 18.0 - 17.2 = 0.8. The statistic iscalculated as follows:

= 1.96 x .44= 0.86

The difference between the rates (0.8) is less than this statistic (0.9). Therefore, the differenceis not statistically significant. A difference of 0.8 between these two rates might occur bychance more than 5 times out of 100.

1

2

1

2

2

2

RN

RN

+196 .

2 218 03197

17 23176

.,

.,

. +196

(,

.

,).

324

3197

29584

3176+196

( ). 0101 0 093. .+196

0194..196


Table B-1. Values of L and U for calculating 95% confidencelimits for numbers of events and rates when the number

TABLE B-1.Values of L and U for calculating 95% confidence limits for the numbers of events

and rates when the number of events is less than 100.

N L U N L U N L U

1 0.02532 5.57164 34 0.69253 1.3974 67 0.77499 1.26996

2 0.1211 3.61234 35 0.69654 1.39076 68 0.77654 1.26774

3 0.20622 2.92242 36 0.70039 1.38442 69 0.77806 1.26556

4 0.27247 2.5604 37 0.70409 1.37837 70 0.77955 1.26344

5 0.3247 2.33367 38 0.70766 1.37258 71 0.78101 1.26136

6 0.36698 2.17658 39 0.7111 1.36703 72 0.78244 1.25933

7 0.40205 2.06038 40 0.71441 1.36172 73 0.78384 1.25735

8 0.43173 1.9704 41 0.71762 1.35661 74 0.78522 1.25541

9 0.45726 1.89831 42 0.72071 1.35171 75 0.78656 1.25351

10 0.47954 1.83904 43 0.7237 1.34699 76 0.78789 1.25165

11 0.4992 1.78928 44 0.7266 1.34245 77 0.78918 1.24983

12 0.51671 1.7468 45 0.72941 1.33808 78 0.79046 1.24805

13 0.53246 1.71003 46 0.73213 1.33386 79 0.79171 1.2463

14 0.54671 1.67783 47 0.73476 1.32979 80 0.79294 1.24459

15 0.55969 1.64935 48 0.73732 1.32585 81 0.79414 1.24291

16 0.57159 1.62394 49 0.73981 1.32205 82 0.79533 1.24126

17 0.58254 1.6011 50 0.74222 1.31838 83 0.79649 1.23965

18 0.59266 1.58043 51 0.74457 1.31482 84 0.79764 1.23807

19 0.60207 1.56162 52 0.74685 1.31137 85 0.79876 1.23652

20 0.61083 1.54442 53 0.74907 1.30802 86 0.79987 1.23499

21 0.61902 1.52861 54 0.75123 1.30478 87 0.80096 1.2335

22 0.62669 1.51401 55 0.75334 1.30164 88 0.80203 1.23203

23 0.63391 1.50049 56 0.75539 1.29858 89 0.80308 1.23059

24 0.64072 1.48792 57 0.75739 1.29562 90 0.80412 1.22917

25 0.64715 1.4762 58 0.75934 1.29273 91 0.80514 1.22778

26 0.65323 1.46523 59 0.76125 1.28993 92 0.80614 1.22641

27 0.65901 1.45495 60 0.76311 1.2872 93 0.80713 1.22507

28 0.66449 1.44528 61 0.76492 1.28454 94 0.8081 1.22375

29 0.66972 1.43617 62 0.76669 1.28195 95 0.80906 1.22245

30 0.6747 1.42756 63 0.76843 1.27943 96 0.81 1.22117

31 0.67945 1.41942 64 0.77012 1.27698 97 0.81093 1.21992

32 0.684 1.4117 65 0.77178 1.27458 98 0.81185 1.21868

33 0.68835 1.40437 66 0.7734 1.27225 99 0.81275 1.21746


county maledeaths

county malepopulation

Xstate malepopulation

+

county femaledeaths

county femalepopulation

Xstate femalepopulation

x 1,000

TOTAL STATE POPULATION

CALCULATING RATES ADJUSTED FOR SEX/AGE/RACE:

When comparing rates and ratios, the influences of sex, age, and race differences in thepopulations must be taken into account. Comparing many different age-sex-race specific ratescan be cumbersome. The following techniques are used by vital statisticians to summarizethese rates into one number.

The direct adjusted rate applies each of the specific rates for a particular population (such asa county or an HSA) to a standard population distribution (such as the state).

The standard mortality ratio compares the number of deaths for a particular population (suchas a county or an HSA) to the number of deaths which would be expected if some standard setof rates (such as the state or the U.S. rates) had occurred.

Each of these techniques has its advantages and disadvantages. The easiest to calculate isthe direct adjusted rate. The following example shows how to adjust a county's death rate forsex so that it may be compared to the state rate.

The same logic can be used to adjust for age and/or race.

REFERENCES:For further information about calculating confidence intervals and adjusting rates, see:

National Center for Health Statistics: Infant Mortality, by J. C. Kleinman, Statistical Notes forHealth Planners, No. 2. Health Resources Administration, Washington, D.C., July 1976.

National Center for Health Statistics: Mortality, by J. C. Kleinman, Statistical Notes for HealthPlanners, No. 3. Health Resources Administration, Washington, D.C., July 1977.

Appendix C: List of Figures and Tables

FIGURES

Figure 1-1. Live Birth Rates, Oregon and the U.S., 1945-1999 ............................... 1-3

Figure 2-1. Age-Specific Birth Rates, Oregon Residents, 1970-1999....................... 2-2

Figure 2-2. Low Birthweight Rates, Oregon and the U.S., 1975-1999 ..................... 2-3

Figure 2-3. First Trimester Care, Oregon and the U.S., 1975-1999 ........................ 2-4

Figure 2-4. Percentage of Mothers with No Care and Late Care, Oregon Residents,1975-1999 .......................................................................................... 2-5

Figure 2-5. Number of Births by Race and Ethnicity of Mother, Oregon Residents,1989-1999 .......................................................................................... 2-6

Figure 2-6. Percent of Births to Unmarried Women, Oregon and the U.S.,1945-1999 .......................................................................................... 2-8

Figure 2-7. Percentage of Mothers Who Smoked During Pregnancy by Ageand Marital Status, Oregon Residents, 1999 ................................... 2-9

Figure 3-1. Number of Abortions and Births Occurring in Oregon, 1969-1999 ........ 3-1

Figure 3-2. Ratio of Abortions Per 1,000 Live Births, Oregon Occurrence,1969-1999 .......................................................................................... 3-2

Figure 3-3. Trends in Abortion Rates by Five-Year Age Groups, Oregon Occurrence,1980-1999 .......................................................................................... 3-2

Figure 3-4. Comparison of Birth and Abortion Rates, Oregon Occurrence Abortionsand Oregon Resident Births, 1980 vs. 1999 ..................................... 3-3

Figure 3-5. Percentage of Pregnancies Terminated by Induced Abortionby Race/Ethnicity, Oregon Occurrence, 1999 .................................. 3-4

Figure 3-6. Percentage of Abortions After 16 Weeks Gestation, byFive-Year Age Groups, Oregon Occurrence, 1980-1999 ................... 3-5

Figure 4-1. Teen Pregnancy Rates, Oregon Residents, Age 10-17, 1980-1999 ........ 4-1

Figure 4-2. Birth and Abortion Rates, Oregon Residents Age 10-17, 1980-1999 ..... 4-2

Figure 4-3. Births, Abortions, and Total Pregnancies, Oregon Residents Age 15-19, 1976-1999....................................................................... 4-3

Figure 4-4. Percentage of Pregnancies Resulting in Birth, by Age Group,Oregon Residents, 1980-1999 ........................................................... 4-3

Figure 4-5. Birth Rates for 15- to 19-Year-Olds, Oregon and the U.S., 1974-1999 . 4-4

Figure 4-6. Rates of Low Birthweight Birth, Oregon Residents <20 and 20+,1995-1999 .......................................................................................... 4-5

Figure 4-7. Low Birthweight Rates by Mother's Age and Prenatal Care,Oregon Residents, 1999 .................................................................... 4-6

Figure 4-8. Rates of Late Prenatal Care, by Age Group, Oregon Residents,1996-1999 .......................................................................................... 4-7

C-2 Volume 1 • Oregon Vital Statistics Report 1999

Figure 4-9. Rates of No Prenatal Care by Age, Oregon Resident Births, 1985-1999 4-8

Figure 4-10. Age Distribution of Father for Births to Oregon ResidentsAge 10-17, 1995-1999 ........................................................................ 4-9

Figure 4-11. Father's Age Compared to Teen Mother's Age,Oregon Residents, 1995-1999 ........................................................... 4-9

TABLES

Summary of Oregon Vital Events, 1999 ................................................. 1-1

Table 1-1. Live Births, Births to Unmarried Mothers, Marriages, andDivorces, U.S., 1945-1999 ................................................................. 1-2

Table 1-2. Population, Live Births, Births to Unmarried Mothers, Marriages, andDivorces, Oregon 1908-1999 ............................................................. 1-4

Table 1-3. Population, Live Births, and Births to Unmarried Mothers by County ofResidence, and Marriages and Dissolutions of Marriage by County ofOccurrence, Oregon, 1999 ................................................................ 1-6

Table 1-4. Population and Births by City of Residence, Oregon, 1999 ................... 1-7

Table 1-5. United States Rates of Low Birthweight, and Measures of Prenatal Care,1980-1999 .......................................................................................... 1-8

Table 1-6. Oregon Rates of Low Birthweight, and Measures ofPrenatal Care 1980-1999 ................................................................... 1-8

Table 2-1. Resident Births by Age Group of Mother, Oregon, 1955-1999 ............. 2-11

Table 2-2. Age-Specific Birth Rates, Fertility Rates, and Total Fertility Rates,Oregon, 1940, 1950-1999 ................................................................ 2-12

Table 2-3. Percentage of Oregon Resident Births to Unmarried Mothers,by Age of Mother, 1970-1999 ........................................................... 2-13

Table 2-4. Resident Births by Race of Mother, Oregon, 1974-1999 ...................... 2-14

Table 2-5. Total Pregnancies by Type of Outcome and Age Groups,Oregon Residents, 1999 .................................................................. 2-14

Table 2-6. Resident Births by Maternal Hispanic Origin, Race, andCounty of Residence, Oregon, 1999 ................................................ 2-15

Table 2-7. Births to Unmarried Mothers by County of Residence, Oregon, 1999 2-16

Table 2-8. Resident Births by Age of Mother and County of Residence,Oregon, 1999 ................................................................................... 2-17

Table 2-9. Resident Births to Unmarried Mothers by Age of Mother andCounty of Residence, Oregon, 1999 ................................................ 2-18

Table 2-10. Prenatal Care by Mother�s Race and Ethnicity,Oregon Residents, 1999 .................................................................. 2-19

Table 2-11. Prenatal Care by Mother�s Education,Oregon Residents, 1999 .................................................................. 2-20

Appendix C: List of Figures and Tables C-3

Table 2-12. Prenatal Care by Birthweight, Oregon Residents, 1999 ...................... 2-20

Table 2-13. Prenatal Care by Mother�s County of Residence,Oregon Residents, 1999 .................................................................. 2-21

Table 2-14. Prenatal Care by Resident County for Unmarried Mothers,Oregon Residents, 1999 .................................................................. 2-22

Table 2-15. Prenatal Care by Mother�s Age, Oregon Residents, 1999 .................... 2-23

Table 2-16. Resident Births by Age of Mother and Live Birth Order,Oregon, 1999 ................................................................................... 2-23

Table 2-17. Maternal Characteristics by Method of Payment for Delivery,Oregon Resident Births, 1999 ........................................................ 2-24

Table 2-18. Births by Reported Use of Illicit Substances, Alcohol, or Tobacco,and County of Residence, Oregon, 1999 ......................................... 2-25

Table 2-19. Maternal Risk Factors by County of Residence, Oregon, 1999............ 2-26

Table 2-20. Maternal Risk Factors by Race and Ethnicity of Mother,Oregon Residents, 1999 .................................................................. 2-27

Table 2-21. Risk Count Frequencies, by County of Residence, Oregon, 1999 ....... 2-28

Table 2-22. Risk Count Frequencies (Percentage), by County of Residence,Oregon, 1999 ................................................................................... 2-29

Table 2-23. Births by County of Occurrence, Type of Institution, andDelivery Attendant, Oregon, 1999 .................................................. 2-30

Table 2-24. Congenital Malformations Reported on Birth Certificates byCounty of Residence, Oregon, 1999 ................................................ 2-32

Table 2-25. Low Birthweight Infants by County of Residence, Oregon, 1999......... 2-34

Table 2-26. Resident Births by Age of Mother and Birthweight, Oregon, 1999...... 2-35

Table 2-27. Resident Births to Unmarried Mothers by Age of Motherand Birthweight, Oregon, 1999....................................................... 2-35

Table 2-28. Resident Births by Race of Mother and Birthweight, Oregon, 1999 ... 2-36

Table 2-29. Most Popular Baby Names, Oregon Occurrence, 1999......................... 2-37

Table 3-1. Number, Rate, and Percent Change for Pregnancies, Births,and Abortions to 15- to 44-Year-Olds, Oregon, 1980-1999 ............... 3-6

Table 3-2. Live Births and Induced Abortions Occurring in Oregon, 1968-1999 .... 3-7

Table 3-3. Number of Induced Abortions by Race/Ethnicity, Marital Status,and Age, Oregon Occurrence, 1999 .................................................. 3-8

Table 3-4. Number of Abortions in Relation to Length of Gestation by Method,Complications, and Age of Patient, Oregon Occurrence, 1999 ......... 3-9

Table 3-5. Contraceptive Use, Number of Previous Abortions, and Number ofLiving Children by Age of Patient, Oregon Occurrence, 1999 ........ 3-10

Table 3-6. Induced Terminations of Pregnancy Occurringin Oregon by Residence and Age Group of Patient, 1999 ............... 3-11

C-4 Volume 1 • Oregon Vital Statistics Report 1999

Table 3-7. Number of Induced Abortions by County of Residence andCounty of Occurrence, Oregon, 1999 .............................................. 3-12

Table 4-1. Oregon Pregnancies to Teens 15-19, 1974-1999 ................................. 4-10

Table 4-2. Oregon Pregnancies to Young Teens (10-17 Years), 1974-1999 .......... 4-12

Table 4-3. Births to 15- to 19-Year-Old Teens by Race/Ethnicity by Adequacyof Prenatal Care, and Birthweight, Oregon Residents, 1999 ......... 4-13

Table 4-4. Births to Teens 15-19 by Marital Status, Race/Ethnicity,and Age by Adequacy of Prenatal Care and Birthweight,Oregon Residents, 1999 .................................................................. 4-14

Table 4-5. Pregnancy Rates of Teens by County of Residence, Oregon, 1999 ...... 4-15

Table 4-6. Birth Rates to Teens by County of Residence, Oregon, 1999 .............. 4-16

Table 4-7. Abortion Rates of Teens by County of Residence, Oregon, 1999 ......... 4-17

Table 4-8. Teens 15-19: Births, Level of Prenatal Care and Low BirthweightRates by County of Residence, Oregon, 1999 ................................. 4-18

Table 4-9. Birth Outcomes of Infants by Age of Mother,Oregon Residents, 1999 .................................................................. 4-19

Table 4-10. Demographic Characteristics of Mother by Age,Oregon Residents, 1999 .................................................................. 4-20

Table 4-11. Demographic Characteristics of Abortion Patients by Age,Oregon Residents, 1999 .................................................................. 4-21

Table 4-12. Age of Father by Age of Mother, Oregon Residents, 1999 ................... 4-22

Table 4-13. Age of Father by Age of Mother, Oregon Residents, 1995-1999 .......... 4-22

APPENDICES

Table A-1. Population Distribution by Age and Sex, Oregon, 1950, 1960,1970, 1975, 1980, 1985, 1990-1999 .................................................. A-1

Table A-2. Population Estimates for Oregon and its Counties by Age and Sex:July 1, 1999 ....................................................................................... A-3

Table A-3. Population Projection for Oregon, 2000-2025 ......................................... A-6

Oregon Vital Statistics Annual Report 1999 Volume 1...ii Volume 1 • Oregon Vital Statistics Report...

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