Optical Fiber Communication-1final

8/2/2019 Optical Fiber Communication-1final

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By

TANIMA CHAKRABORTY(Roll-21)SREEYA CHAKRABARTY(Roll-24)MEGHALI DEY (Roll-37)


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Welcome to the WORLD of

OPTICAL FIBREWhat is optical fiber

communication? The process of

communication usingOptical Fibers
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Laser_in_fibre.jpg


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A WALK THROUGHTIME

The Founders and Developers


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1ST

-GENERATION

rate of 45 Mbps

repeater spacin

of

up to 10 km.


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single-mode fiber

rates of 1.7 Gb/s repeater spacing up to 50 k

2nd -GENERATION -


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Rate of 2.5

Gb/s,

repeater

spacing in

excess of

100 km

3RD -GENERATION


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repeaters and wavelength-

division multiplexing

14 Tb/s, repeater

Spacing of 160 km.

4th -GENERATION


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newdry fiber,low-loss

window

range of 1.30-1.65 m.

5thGENERATION


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TECHNOLOGY

Optical transmitter

converts an electrical

signal into an optical signal . The

information transmitted is typically digital

information.

Optical receiver

recovers the signal as an

electrical signal.


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Transmitters:

Commonly-used - semiconductordevices -LEDs ,Laser diodes.

LEDs are very useful for low-costapplications.

Laser allows high coupling

efficiency.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Finisar_GBIC_SX_2.jpg


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Receivers:

The photoelectric effect

MSM-suitable for circuitintegrationin regenerators and

wavelength-divisionmultiplexers.


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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Optical-fibre.svg


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3. LIGHT SCATTERING

Diffuse reflection or scattering, characterized by widevariety of reflection angles.

depends on the wavelength of the light being

scattered


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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Diffuse_reflection.PNG


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Now regeneration of the optical

signal is only needed over

distances of hundreds of

kilometers-

Reduction in the cost of optical

networking.

Dispersion management.


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features about

opt ical f ibers ! ! !Interes t ing


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Fiber can be installed in areas with

high electromagnetic interference.

Has inherently high data-carryingcapacity

Even when run alongside each otherfor long distances, fiber cablesexperience effectively no crosstalk

Fiber has exceptionally low loss.


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Optical systems cango over 100kilometers ,with noactive or passiveprocessing.


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Comparison of optical fibercommunication

with electric transmission


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In short distance and relatively low bandwidthapplications, electrical transmission is oftenpreferred because of its :Lower material cost, where large quantities are not

required

Lower cost of transmitters and receivers


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SO WHY USEOPTICAL FIBER ???


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In certain situations fiber may be usedeven for short distance or low bandwidth

applications, due to other importantfeatures:

Immunity to electromagnetic interference, including

nuclear electromagnetic pulses .

High electrical resistance.

Lighter weightimportant, for example, in aircraft.


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Optical Fiber Communication-1final

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