Ops management lecture 6 quality tools & techniques
-
Upload
jillmitchell8778 -
Category
Education
-
view
3.469 -
download
1
description
Transcript of Ops management lecture 6 quality tools & techniques
Chapter sixQuality tools and
techniques
Learning objectives
• Identify the different tools of quality
• Understand the purpose and function of each of the tools
• Describe the use of each tool for quality improvement
• Apply some of the tools and be able to interpret the data.
6.1 Introduction
• Tools of quality are used to:– Identify problems– Identify root causes• Solutions can then be planned
• Implementation of solutions by means of quality improvement techniques
6.2 Tools of quality • Flow charts• Figure 6.2
6.2 Tools of quality (cont.)• Run charts• Figure 6.3
6.2 Tools of quality (cont.)• Control charts• Figure 6.4
6.2 Tools of quality (cont.)• Check sheets
• Refer to Table 6.1 on page on page 140 of the textbook.
6.2 Tools of quality (cont.)• Histograms
• Figure 6.5
6.2 Tools of quality (cont.)• Pareto analysis• Figure 6.6
6.2 Tools of quality (cont.)• Cause-and-effect diagrams• Figure 6.7
6.2 Tools of quality (cont.)• Scatter diagrams• Figure 6.8
6.2 Tools of quality (cont.)• FMECA
• Failure mode, effects and criticality analysis
• Class discussion – Table 6.4.
6.3 Quality improvement techniques
• Benchmarking– Compare key performance measures with– Best performers– To ensure improvement– Categories:
• Internal• Functional• Generic• Competitive.
6.3 Quality improvement techniques (cont.)
• Benchmarking (cont.)– 5 steps– Purpose:
• Change• Compare practices• Challenge current practice• Improvement.
6.3 Quality improvement techniques (cont.)
• Six-sigma– Motorola (1980’s)– Reduce mistakes/deficits– Stages: measure, analyse, improve, control– Benefits– Requirements
6.3 Quality improvement techniques (cont.)
• Six-sigma (cont.)– Phases:
• Define phase• Measure phase• Analyse phase• Improve phase• Control phase.
6.3 Quality improvement techniques (cont.)
• Six-sigma (cont.)– Figure 6.9:
– Problems
SIX SIGMA
SIX SIGMA
6.3 Quality improvement techniques (cont.)
• Lean manufacturing– ‘getting rid of any waste’
• Deming cycle– PDSA (Plan, Do, Study, Act)– Class discussion (Figure 6.10).
LEAN MANUFACTURING
6.3 Quality improvement techniques (cont.)
• Pokayoke– Error proofing a process– Use of devices to prevent human error– 2 functions:
• Preventon• Detection
6.3 Quality improvement techniques (cont.)
• Pokayoke– Five error-proofing principles:
• Elimination• Replacement• Facilitation• Detection• Mitigation
POKAYOKE
6.3 Quality improvement techniques (cont.)
• The five ‘S’ model– Improve the quality of housekeeping– Sort - remove and clear all unwanted items– Set – Arrange items so easy to find and retrieve– Shine – Sweep, wash, polish. Keep everything clean– Standardised – Make good housekeeping habits a
habit– Sustain – Create optimum conditions for good
housekeeping i.e. rewards/recognition
Summary
• Various quality tools
• Quality improvement techniques.