Operation & Maintenance - Oklahoma Corporation …M Highlights_Normal...Subpart F – Operations and...
Transcript of Operation & Maintenance - Oklahoma Corporation …M Highlights_Normal...Subpart F – Operations and...
Subpart F – Operation
and Maintenance
§195.400 – Scope
This subpart (Subpart F) prescribes the
minimum requirements for operating and
maintaining pipeline systems
constructed with steel pipe.
Subpart F – Operations
and Maintenance
§195.401 – General Requirements
No operator may operate or maintain its
pipeline systems at a level of safety
lower than that required by this subpart
and the procedures it is required to
establish under §195.402(a)……..
Operator shall prepare and follow for each
system a manual of written procedures for:
Conducting normal operations
Handling abnormal operations
and emergencies
§195.402(a) Procedural manual for
operations, maintenance, and
emergencies.
Manual shall be reviewed at
intervals not exceeding 15
months, but at least once each
calendar year.
Changes to insure
manual is effective
§ 195.402(a) Procedural manual for
operations, maintenance, and
emergencies.
Manual shall be prepared before
initial operation of pipeline
system and appropriate parts
kept at locations where O&M
activities are conducted.
§195.402(a) Procedural manual for
operations, maintenance, and
emergencies.
Manual Considerations
• Is it in writing?
• How detailed and is it adequate?
• Is it being followed?
• Does it apply to each pipeline
system?
• Did it exist before startup?
• Is it reviewed as required?
Manual Considerations
• How are changes communicated?
• How is it kept?
• All copies same version?
• Employees trained and qualified on it?
• How do employees access it?
• Documentation and records retention?
Notice of Amendment
§195.402 (b)
• OPS or Certified State Agency
• Opportunity for Hearing
(§190.237)/Relevant State Procedures
• May Require Operators to
Amend Procedures
• Provide Reasonable Level
• of Safety
(c) Maintenance and normal operations.
The manual required by (a) must include
procedures for the following to provide safety
during maintenance and normal operations.
(1) making construction
records, maps and operating
history available
§195.402 (c)
Maintenance and Normal Operations
§195.402(c)(1) Construction
Records & Maps
• Construction Records
– §§195.266 & 195.310
– Welding Records, Pipe Specs, Depth of
Cover, Pressure Test and MOP Records
• Maps
– Location of P/L Crossings, Utility
Crossings, Overhead Crossings, Valve &
CP Test Stations
• Operating History
– Pressure Test Records/
Historical Pressures
Records
• Life of Facility – Include construction, materials, repairs,
MOP information, and most corrosion
records
–Retained for active life of facility
• Other Records – Include tests, inspections, patrols, surveys
and procedure reviews which prove
compliance with 49 CFR 195
–Retain for intervals as required §195.404
(2) gathering of data for reporting
accidents under Subpart B in a timely
and effective manner
§195.402(c)(2) Data Gathering
§195.402(c)(2) Data Gathering
Who is responsible for making immediate
notification / written report
Criteria for completing each report
Time limit on reporting
Data to be reported (§§195.50 , .52 & .54)
Telephone number
Electronic reporting requirements
(3) operating, maintaining,
& repairing the pipeline
system in accordance with
this subpart and Subpart H
§195.402(c)(3) Operations,
Maintenance and Repairs
§195.402(c)(3) Operations,
Maintenance and Repairs
• Training
• Maps & Records
• Floating Roofs
• MOPs
• Communications
• Line Markers
• ROW Inspections
• Valve Maintenance
• Corrosion Control Records
• Pipeline Repairs
• Pipe Movement
• Scraper & Sphere Facilities
• Overpressure Safety Devices
• Fire Fighting Equipment
• Breakout Tanks
• Signs
• Security of Facilities
• Smoking or Open Flames
• Public Education
• Damage Prevention
• CPM Leak Detection
(4) determine which pipelines are located in areas
requiring immediate response to prevent hazards to
the public if the facilities failed or malfunctioned
§195.402(c)(4) Areas of Immediate
Response
§195.402(c)(4) Areas of
Immediate Response
• Define Areas Requiring Immediate Response ?
– Check HCA’s / Pipeline Facility Response Plan
(49 CFR Part 194)
• Where are They?
– Proximity to: Residential, Commercial, Industrial
– HVLs must consider Topography
• Does an Operator have to claim some?
§195.402(c)(5) Analyzing Accidents
• Consideration should be given to:
– Data examination
– Responsible personnel
– Metallurgical examination
– Material analysis
– Procedures
– OQ
(6) minimizing potential for hazards identified under
(c)(4) and possibility of recurrence of accidents
analyzed under (c)(5)
§195.402(c)(6) Minimizing Hazards
(7) starting up & shutting down pipeline in a manner
to assure operation within limits of §195.406,
considering system parameters
§195.402(c)(7) Start up and Shut down of
Pipelines
(8) for pipelines not equipped to fail safe, monitoring from
an attended location, pressure during startup until steady
state and during shut-in to assure operation within
§195.406
(9) for facilities not equipped to fail safe that are identified
under (c)(4) or that control receipt and delivery, detecting
abnormal conditions and transmitting the same to an
attended location
§195.402(c)(8)(9) Start up, Shut down and
Monitoring of Pipelines
§195.402(c)(8)(9) Start up, Shut down and
Monitoring of Pipelines
Monitoring Pressure During Start up, Delivery or Shut-Ins
– Fail-safe - A design feature which will maintain or
result in a safe condition in the event of malfunction
or failure of a power supply, component, or control
device. Fail-safe may occur by three methods: fail
open, fail close, or fail at last position (§193.2007)
– Shut-down or Other Action To Prevent Exceeding
the Operational Limits
§195.402(c)(8) Start up and
Shut down of Pipelines
Monitoring P/L Data From Facilities in:
– Areas Requiring Immediate Response
– Receipt and Delivery Points
– If Not Equipped to Fail Safe – Emergency Flow Restricting Valves (EFRVs)
such as check valves or remote control valves (RCV)
(10) abandoning pipeline facilities, including --
• Safe disconnection from operating pipeline
system
• purging of combustibles
• Sealing abandoned facilities left in place
• Filing reports on applicable facilities
§195.402 (c)(10) Abandonment
Each abandoned offshore pipeline facility or
each abandoned onshore pipeline facility that
crosses over, under or through commercially
navigable waterways
Last operator of that facility must file a report
upon abandonment of that facility in accordance
with §195.59 of this part.
Abandonment - Reporting
(11) minimizing the likelihood of accidental ignition
of vapors in areas identified under (c)(4)
(immediate response locations) where potential
exists for presence of flammable liquids or gases
§195.402 (c)(11) Accidental
Ignition
(12) Establish & maintain liaison with -- fire
police
other appropriate public officials
to learn the responsibility
& resources of agencies
that may respond to an
emergency ...
§195.402 (c)(12) Liaison
What is liaison?
Coordination: the exchange of information
or the planning of joint efforts by two or
more people or groups, often of military
personnel
A communication for establishing and
maintaining mutual understanding and
cooperation
... and acquaint
them with the
operator's ability in
responding to
pipeline
emergencies and
means of
communications
(13) periodic reviewing the work done by operator
personnel to determine the effectiveness of the
procedures in normal operation and maintenance
and take corrective
action where
deficiencies
are found
§195.402 (c)(13) Periodic Review
(14) take adequate precautions in excavated
trenches from unsafe accumulations of vapor or
gas, and make available WHEN NEEDED ...
emergency rescue equipment
breathing apparatus
rescue harness & line
§195.402 (c)(14) Excavation
(15) Implementing the
applicable control room
management procedures
required by § 195.446
§195.402 (c)(15) Control Room
§195. 402 (d) Abnormal Operations
Purpose:
– Provide Safety When Operating Design Limits
Have Been Exceeded
– Near misses, to which there is no response,
may escalate into accidents or other
reportable items
§195.402(d) Abnormal Operation
The manual required by (a) must include
procedures for the following when
operating design limits have been
exceeded
Operating Design Limits
• “ ...those limits or ranges of pressure, flow, or
temperature etc., that a carrier imposes on it’s pipeline
system to define normal operations”
• “Operations outside these limits indicate an abnormal
condition which should be corrected to avoid
approaching the strength limit of the system and the
potential for failure” Amnd. 195 -16
• Now defined in §195.446 – Control Room
Management
§195.402 (d)(1)Causes of Abnormal
Operations
Responding to, investigating, correcting
– Unintended Closure of Valves or Shutdowns
§195.402 (d)(1)Causes of
Abnormal Operations
Responding to, investigating, correcting
– Increase or decrease in pressure or flow
outside of normal operating limits
§195.402 (d)(1)Causes of
Abnormal Operations
Responding to, investigating, correcting
– Loss of Communications
§195.402 (d)(1)Causes of
Abnormal Operations
Responding to, investigating, correcting
– Operation of Any Safety Device
– Any other
Malfunction of Component
Deviation from Normal Operation
Personnel Error
– Cause hazard to Persons or Property
Check variations from normal operations after
abnormal operation has ended at critical locations to
ensure system integrity and safe operation;
§195.402 (d)(2) Abnormal
Operations
Correcting variations from normal
operation of pressure and flow and
control;
§195.402 (d)(3) Abnormal
Operations
Notify responsible operator
personnel when notice of
abnormal operation is received;
§195.402 (d)(4) Abnormal
Operations
Periodic review of the response of
personnel to determine effectiveness of
procedures controlling abnormal
operations and make corrections of
deficiencies.
§195.402 (d)(5) Abnormal
Operations
Manual required by paragraph (a) must
include procedures for the following to
provide safety when an emergency
condition occurs
§195.402 (e) Emergencies
• Procedures for
receiving, identifying,
and classifying notices
of events which require
an immediate response
by the operator or
§195.402 (e)(1) Emergencies
• Notice to fire, police,
other public officials
and communicating
information to operator
personnel for corrective
action
• ADB 2010-08
§195.402 (e)(1) Emergencies
Receiving Notices:
24 hour telephone number Toll free or collect call
Number changed
Company during the day,
or police or answering
service at night?
How is it answered?
§195.402 (e)(1) Emergencies
Identifying Notices:
List of questions to help identify the type
of emergency event
Contact information
Location of event
Training to determine the type of event,
is it an emergency event, are people in
danger, is it on your system?
§195.402 (e)(1) Emergencies
Instructions for Callers:
Safety instructions for someone
reporting a HL pipeline event
Do the instructions provide information
for the safety of people first
Person receiving trained to
understand and make decisions
§195.402 (e)(1) Emergencies
Prompt and effective response to notice of
each type of emergency, including...
fire/explosion near or directly involving a
pipeline facility
§195.402 (e)(2) Emergencies
Prompt and effective response to notice of
each type of emergency, including...
Accidental release of hazardous liquid or
carbon dioxide from pipeline facility
§195.402 (e)(2) Emergencies
Prompt and effective response to notice of
each type of emergency, including...
Operational failure causing hazardous
conditions
§195.402 (e)(2) Emergencies
Prompt and effective response to notice of
each type of emergency, including...
Natural disaster affecting pipeline facilities
§195.402 (e)(2) Emergencies
• The availability of personnel, equipment, tools, and
materials, as needed at the scene of an emergency
• Current personnel contact lists, numbers, and
responsibilities
• Current lists of equipment, tools, and materials,
needed to respond to possible types of
emergencies
• Current contractor contact list, capabilities, and
equipment, available to respond to an
emergency
§195.402 (e)(3) Emergencies
The availability of personnel, equipment,
tools, and materials, as needed at the
scene of an emergency
§195.402 (e)(3) Emergencies
• Responsibility for overall
coordination of personnel
and execution of the
emergency response plan
• Incident command system
(ICS)
THE SYSTEM CONSISTS OF
PROCEDURES FOR: Controlling facilities
Controlling personnel
Coordinating response agencies
Providing for common terminology
Effectively managing communications
Responding to nearly any kind of disaster
Managing equipment and “hard” resources
ICS
Provides for:
- Single jurisdiction/single agency involvement
- Single jurisdiction with multi-agency involvement
- Multi-jurisdiction/multi-agency involvement
Readily adaptable to new technology
Common terminology, procedures and standards
Applicability and acceptability throughout country
Expandable in a logical manner from a single point
Adaptability to wide range of response requirements
ICS Structure
Taking necessary action, such as
emergency shutdown
pressure reduction
To minimize the volume that is released
§195.402 (e)(4) Emergencies
Control of release product at accident
scene to minimize hazards, including
possible intentional ignition in cases of
HVLs
§195.402 (e)(5) Emergencies
Minimize public exposure to injury or
probability of accidental ignition by
assisting with evacuation, halting
traffic on roads or railroads, or
taking other appropriate action
§195.402 (e)(6) Emergencies
Notify fire, police,
other appropriate
public officials of
pipeline
emergencies
§195.402 (e)(7) Emergencies
Coordinate with them preplanned and
actual responses during an emergency
§195.402 (e)(7) Emergencies
ADB - 2012 – 09
October 11, 2012
Communication during emergency
situations NTSB recommendation that operators ensure
control room operators immediately and
directly notify the appropriate public safety
access point (PSAP) when a possible rupture
or other pipeline problem is indicated
ADB - 2012 – 09
October 11, 2012
Communication during emergency situations
Reminder to maintain informed relationship
Call all appropriate PSAP’s with indications
of a pipeline emergency
Immediate contact and conversation will
facilitate timely, effected, and coordinated
response.
In case of HVL pipeline
failure, use appropriate
instruments to assess
extent and coverage of
vapor cloud and
determine hazardous
areas.
§195.402 (e)(8) Emergencies
Providing for post accident review
of employee activities to determine
whether procedures were effective
and take corrective action if
deficiencies are found
195.402(c)(4&5)
§195.402 (e)(9) Emergencies
Actions required to be taken by a
controller during an emergency in
accordance with §195.446
§195.402 (e)(10) Emergencies
(a) Each operator shall establish and
conduct a continuing training program to
instruct emergency response personnel to:
§195.403 Emergency Response
Training
Carry out emergency procedures
established under §195.402 that relate to
their assignments
§195.403 (a)(1) Emergency
Response Training
§195.403 (a)(2) Emergency
Response Training
Know the characteristics and hazards
of products transported, including
for HVLs, flammability mixtures in
air, odorless vapors, and water
reactions
§195.403 (a)(3) Emergency
Response Training
Recognize conditions likely to cause
emergencies, predict consequences
of malfunctions or failures and
spills, and take appropriate
corrective action
§195.403 (a)(4) Emergency
Response Training
Take steps necessary to control an
accidental release, and minimize the
potential for fire, explosion, toxicity,
or environmental damage
§195.403 (a)(5) Emergency
Response Training
Learn potential
causes, types,
sizes, and
consequences
of fires
§195.403 (a)(5) Emergency
Response Training
Learn potential
causes, types,
sizes, and
consequences
of fires……..
§195.403 (a)(5) Emergency
Response Training
…….the appropriate use
of portable fire
extinguishers and
other on-site fire
control equipment,
involving………
§195.403 (b) Emergency
Response Training
At intervals not exceeding 15 months, but
at least once each calendar year, each
operator shall:
(1) review with personnel their
performance in meeting objectives of
emergency response training as found in
(a)
§195.403 (b) Emergency
Response Training
At intervals not exceeding 15 months, but
at least once each calendar year, each
operator shall:
(2) make appropriate changes to training
program as necessary to ensure it is
effective
§195.403 (b) Emergency
Response Training
At intervals not exceeding 15 months, but
at least once each calendar year, each
operator shall:
(3) Operator shall require and verify that
supervisors maintain a thorough
knowledge of the emergency plans for
which they are responsible for
compliance