BgNS TRANSACTIONS volume 20 number 1 (2015) pp. 7–14

Operating the NPP with Hydro Thermal Coordination in a Complex Power System

Anton Chaushevski1, Tome Boshevski2, Sofija Nikolova-Poceva11 Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Technology – Skopje, Rugjer Boshkovikj 18, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia2Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts – MANU, Bul. Krste Misirkov 2, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia

Abstract. The paper presents the model for power plants operation in a complex power system. According the mathematicalmodel, the software tool can be applied for different analyses and needs of the operators of power plants or power systemoperators. The optimization model takes into account the minimum operating costs of thermal power units in complexpower system for all period (one year). The optimization procedure is made according the power balancing between energydemand and supply for each time interval (1 hour) respecting the operating and technical conditions of the units.

The application of the model in this paper is for projected power system of Macedonia for the period after 2020. The inputparameters of the thermal units and hydro power plants are from Macedonian power system, with operation of a proposednuclear power unit in a power system. The energy demand is according projected needs with hourly loads in a year (8760).The results will be presented for selected weeks in winter and summer period of the year for hourly operation of the powerplants in the power system.

Keywords: power system, reservoir, reversible, hydro power plant

1 Introduction

The paper presents the model for planning the operationrole of the reversible hydro power plant in a complex powersystem consists of thermal and hydro power plants. Theapplication test example for the Macedonian Power Sys-tem is a future projection when the hydro power complexof the Crna River will be finished. Hydro power plantsCebren and Galiste are the most significant investmentsin the Macedonian Energy System planned for the nextdecade. These two hydro power plants together with theexisting HPP Tikves which is downstream of the new onesare enclosing the hydro power complex of Crna River.

This paper gives the analysis for the role of theHPPCebrenand HPP Galiste, together with all other power plants inthe Power System of Macedonia. Taking into accounts thetechnical parameters, the following three scenarios (cases)will be taken into consideration:

• HPP Cebren and HPP Galiste as the ordinary hy-dro power plants which operate only in turbine-generation regime.

• HPP Cebren as a reversible hydro power plant whichcan operate in two regimes: pump-motor regimeand turbine-generation regime, and HPP Galiste asordinary hydro power plant.

• Both HPP Cebren and HPP Galiste as the re-versible hydro power plants, which operate intwo regimes: pump-motor regime and turbine-generation regime.

The analyses are done with the software tool for planningof the complex power system consists of thermal and hy-dro power capacities. The software tool gives few other re-

sults and values as the output of case processing, as thefollowing ones: natural input, reservoir level, pumped wa-ter from down to upper reservoir, turbine discharge, powerbalance and energy balance for each time interval.

2 Model for Operation Role of Reversible HPP

The model for operation planning of the reversible HPP isthe upgraded of the existing model [1,2] which is analyti-cal approach of the objective function. The objective func-tion is the total production costs for electricity generatedfrom thermal power units. Also the model includes theconstrains and conditions for water balances of the HPPs,covering the electricity demand, taking into accounts forthe technical parameters of the hydro and thermal units.The time period, for example one year, can be divided inintervals with a hour duration (8760), or intervals with 24hours duration (365), intervals with week duration (52), orothers.

The modelling of the reversible HPP can be done in twoapproaches:

1. Fixing the pumping water for the reversible HPP foreach time interval.

2. Fixing the electrical energy needed for pumpingregime for the whole period.

The first approach with fixing the pumping water followsthe power for pumping of the fixed amount of water whichis the additional load of the interval

1310–8727 © 2015 Bulgarian Nuclear Society 7

Anton Chaushevski, Tome Boshevski, Sofija Nikolova-Poceva

fixed pumping water Qpumpm (t)→

→ P pumpm (t)→ Pload(t) + P pump

m (t) additional load.

The second approach is the opposite of the first one.With fixing the total electrical energy for the whole pe-riod needed for pumping, follows the electrical power forpumping in each interval and then follows thewater powerfor pumping:

fixed electrical energy Wtotal =

T∑t=1

P pumpm (t)∆t→

→ P pumpm (t)→ Qpump

m (t) pumping water.

The total electricity amount for pumping Wtotal can bethe import contract or other previous contract for TPPunit. The P pump

m (t) in each interval is getting in the op-timization procedure for the whole power plants. The re-lation between power for pumping and water discharge forpumping is given by

P pumpm (t) =

9.81Qpumpm (t)(Hgross + ∆Hlosses)

ηpumpηmotor.

The generating regime for the reversible HPP is the sameas the others HPP. Also, it is very important to deter-mine the time intervals for pumping and time intervals forgeneration. Following the optimization procedure for thewhole power system of thermal and hydro power units; thesolution is approach in the iteration procedure.

3 Existing Power Generation System in Macedonia

The power plants in Macedonia (Figure 1), is dominantlylignite fired thermal power plants (TPP), gas fired TPP, anoil fired TPP, hydro power plants (HPP – Table 1), and in2014 starts with operation the wind farm.

• Lignite TPP – 820 MW, 4500 GWh, (Bitola, Oslomej)• Gas TPP – 280 MW, 2000 GWh, (TE TO Skopje, Ko-gel, Energetika ELEM)

• Oil TPP – 210 MW, 1200 GWh, (Negotino)• HYDRO – 580 MW, 145 GWh and small ones• RENEWABLE, Wind Farm Bogandci of 36.8 MW

Fig.1. the existing power plants in Macedonia

Future projection of new power plants

The planned power plants in Macedonia (Fig.2), are mainly gas fired TPP and HPP (Tab.2),

and also nuclear power as an option. The renewable is expected to penetrate with more

installed power.

Gas TPP – 500MW, 3000 GWh , 2 units

Nuclear – up to 1000 MW, 8000 GWh

HYDRO – near 1000 MW, 2300 GWh

Renewable (up to 400 GWh), Small HPP 60 MW, Wind 150 MW, PV 20 MW

Table 2: New Hydro power plants

Basin Pinst. Wyear Investment

MW GWh mil €

Boskov Most Radika 68.2 117 70

Lukovo pole and HPP Crn Kamen Mavrovo 5 163 45

Galiste Crna river 193.5 264 200

Cebren Crna river 333 340 319

Spilje 2 Crn Drim 72 33 35

Gradec Vardar 54.6 252 157

Veles Vardar 93.0 300 251

10 HPPs in the Vardar valley Vardar 176.8 784 486

TOTAL 1032 2343 1563

Figure 1. The existing power plants in Macedonia.

Table 1. Existing Hydro power plants

Basin Wannual [GWh] Wshare [%]

Mavrovo HPPs 488 33.66Crn Drim HPPs 513 35.38Treska HPPs 190 13.10Crna HPPs 184 12.69Small HPPs 75 5.17TOTAL 1450 100.00

4 Future Projection of New Power Plants

The planned power plants in Macedonia (Figure 2), aremainly gas fired TPP and HPP (Table 2), and also nuclearpower as an option. The renewable is expected to pene-trate with more installed power.

• Gas TPP – 500 MW, 3000 GWh, 2 units

• Nuclear – up to 1000 MW, 8000 GWh

• HYDRO – almost 1000 MW, 2300 GWh

• RENEWABLE (up to 400 GWh), Small HPP 60 MW,Wind 150 MW, PV 20 MW

Fig.2. The new planned power plants in Macedonia

Simulation of power system operation after 2020

The simulation is made for projected power system of Macedonia after 2020, with all existing

generating system and the new power plants. The mail input parameters for simulation of the

cases are:

Yearly Demand of 13000 GWh

Existing TPP Bitola and Gas power plants

New CHP on gas

Existing HPP, New HPP, Lukovo pole, Boskov Most, Gradec

HPP Cebren, HPP Galiste, (conventional or reversible HPP)

For simulation the following scenarios were under investigation:

Power System operation without Nuclear Power

Power System operation with Nuclear Power Plant

Cascade hydropower system on Crna River

The cascade hydro power system of Crna River consists of three HPP, Tikves which operates

over 30 years, and the planned ones, Galiste and Cebren. Tab.3 gives the main technical

parameters of all three HPPs, and Fig.3 shows the layout of the cascade.

Tab.3.Technical parameters of hydro power plants on Crna River

Qinst (m3

/s) Hgross (m) P (MW) Storage volume (106

m3

)

Cebren 3 x 50 174 225 655

Galiste 3 x 50 130 165 260

Tikves 4 x 36 100 116 272

TOTAL 404 506 1187

Figure 2. The new planned power plants in Macedonia.

Table 2. New Hydro power plants

Basin Pinst. Wyear InvestmentMW GWh mil €

Boskov Most Radika 68.2 117 70Lukovo pole andHPP Crn Kamen Mavrovo 5 163 45

Galiste Crna river 193.5 264 200Cebren Crna river 333 340 319Spilje 2 Crn Drim 72 33 35Gradec Vardar 54.6 252 157Veles Vardar 93.0 300 25110 HPPs inthe Vardar valley Vardar 176.8 784 486

TOTAL 1032 2343 1563

8

Operating the NPP with Hydro Thermal Coordination in a Complex Power System

5 Simulation of Power System Operation after 2020

The simulation is made for projected power system ofMacedonia after 2020, with all existing generating systemand the new power plants. The mail input parameters forsimulation of the cases are:

• Yearly Demand of 13000 GWh• Existing TPP Bitola and Gas power plants• New CHP on gas• Existing HPP, New HPP, Lukovo pole, Boskov Most,Gradec

• HPP Cebren, HPP Galiste, (conventional or re-versible HPP)

For simulation the following scenarios were under inves-tigation:

• Power System operation without Nuclear Power

• Power System operation with Nuclear Power Plant

6 Cascade Hydropower System on Crna River

The cascade hydro power system of Crna River consists ofthree HPP, Tikves which operates over 30 years, and theplanned ones, Galiste and Cebren. Table 3 gives the maintechnical parameters of all three HPPs, and Figure 3 showsthe layout of the cascade.

The simulation cases for analyzing the operation of thecascade in the power system of Macedonia:

Case 1 : Both, Cebren and Galiste are conventional HPP

Case 2 : Cebren is reversible HPP, Galiste is conventionalHPP

Case 3 : Both, Cebren and Galiste are reversible HPP

Table 3. Technical parameters of hydro power plants on CrnaRiver

Qinst. Hgross P Storage volume[m3/s] [m] [MW] [106 m3]

Cebren 3 × 50 174 225 655Galiste 3 × 50 130 165 260Tikves 4 × 36 100 116 272TOTAL 404 506 1187

Table 4 and Figure 4 give the results for yearly energy gen-eration and financial effect of each HPP (Tikves, Galisteand Cebren) for all cases.

Table 4. Comparing the cases operating regimes in a year (GWh)

CASE 1 CASE 2 CASE 3Gal conv Ceb conv Gal conv Ceb REV Gal REV Ceb REVGen Pump Gen Pump Gen Pump

Tikves 200 0 200 0 198 0Galiste 280 0 276 0 584 -400Cebren 319 0 811 -550 810 -550TOTAL 799 0 1287 -550 1592 -950ENERGY 799 737 642FINANCIAL 799 1012 1117

RES. GALISTE

HPP CEBREN

CEBREN

GENQ

CEBREN

PUMPQ

CEBREN

GENP

CEBREN

PUMPP

CEBREN

INq

RES.CEBREN

HPP GALISTE

GALISTE

GENP

RES. TIKVESHPP TIKVES

r. CRNA

TIKVES

GENP

565 asl

394 asl

265 asl

165 asl

GALISTE

PUMP

Fig.3. Cascade hydro power plants of Crna River

The simulation cases for analyzing the operation of the cascade in the power system of

Macedonia:

• Case 1: Both, Cebren and Galiste are conventional HPP

• Case 2: Cebren is reversible HPP, Galiste is conventional HPP

• Case 3: Both, Cebren and Galiste are reversible HPP

Tab.4 and Fig.4 give the results for yearly energy generation and financial effect of each HPP

(Tikves, Galiste and Cebren) for all cases.

Tab.4 Comparing the cases operating regimes in a year (GWh)

CASE 1

Gal conv, Ceb conv

CASE 2

Gal conv, Ceb REV

CASE 3

Gal REV, Ceb REV

Gen Pump Gen Pump Gen Pump

Tikves 200 0 200 0 198 0

Galiste 280 0 276 0 584 -400

Cebren 319 0 811 -550 810 -550

TOTAL 799 0 1287 -550 1592 -950

ENERGY 799 737 642

FINANCIAL 799 1012 1117

200 200 198

280 276

584319

811

810

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

Gal conv, Ceb con Gal conv, Ceb REV Gal REV, Ceb REV

W (GWh)Cebren

Galiste

Tikves

Fig.4 Energy contribution for all cases (GWh)

Figure 4. Energy contribution for all cases (GWh).

RES. GALISTE

HPP CEBREN

CEBREN

GENQ

CEBREN

PUMPQ

CEBREN

GENP

CEBREN

PUMPP

CEBREN

INq

RES.CEBREN

HPP GALISTE

GALISTE

GENP

RES. TIKVESHPP TIKVES

r. CRNA

TIKVES

GENP

565 asl

394 asl

265 asl

165 asl

GALISTE

PUMP

Fig.3. Cascade hydro power plants of Crna River

The simulation cases for analyzing the operation of the cascade in the power system of

Macedonia:

• Case 1: Both, Cebren and Galiste are conventional HPP

• Case 2: Cebren is reversible HPP, Galiste is conventional HPP

• Case 3: Both, Cebren and Galiste are reversible HPP

Tab.4 and Fig.4 give the results for yearly energy generation and financial effect of each HPP

(Tikves, Galiste and Cebren) for all cases.

Tab.4 Comparing the cases operating regimes in a year (GWh)

CASE 1

Gal conv, Ceb conv

CASE 2

Gal conv, Ceb REV

CASE 3

Gal REV, Ceb REV

Gen Pump Gen Pump Gen Pump

Tikves 200 0 200 0 198 0

Galiste 280 0 276 0 584 -400

Cebren 319 0 811 -550 810 -550

TOTAL 799 0 1287 -550 1592 -950

ENERGY 799 737 642

FINANCIAL 799 1012 1117

200 200 198

280 276

584319

811

810

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

Gal conv, Ceb con Gal conv, Ceb REV Gal REV, Ceb REV

W (GWh)Cebren

Galiste

Tikves

Fig.4 Energy contribution for all cases (GWh)

Figure 3. Cascade hydro power plants of Crna River.

9

Anton Chaushevski, Tome Boshevski, Sofija Nikolova-Poceva

Daily Operation of Reversible HPP has two modes:

• Pumping regime in 7 hours (1-7)• Generation regime in 17 hours (8-24)

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

Gal conv, Ceb con

Gal conv, Ceb REV

Gal REV, Ceb REV

ENERGY

FINANCIAL

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1 7

13

19

25

31

37

43

49

55

61

67

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79

85

91

97

10

3

10

9

11

5

12

1

12

7

13

3

13

9

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5

15

1

15

7

16

3

P (MW) Treska

Mavrovo

CRNA

Crn Drim

Gradec

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1 7 13 19 25 31 37 43 49 55 61 67 73 79 85 91 97 103

109

115

121

127

133

139

145

151

157

163

P (MW) Treska

Mavrovo

CRNA

Crn Drim

Gradec

Figure 5. Comparing the energy and financial contribution for allcases (GWh).

The energy contribution calculates as the generation en-ergy reduced for the pumping one (Rev.HPP as a con-sumer). The financial contribution is the generation en-ergy reduced for half pumping one, because for positive fi-nancial balance of operating the reversible HPP, the gener-ating electricity should be at least double price of the elec-tricity for pumping.

• Energy = Generation− |Pumping|

• Financial = Generation− 0.5× |Pumping

Figure 6 and Figure 7 present the covering of the peak de-mand for a week in case1 and case 3.

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

Gal conv, Ceb con

Gal conv, Ceb REV

Gal REV, Ceb REV

ENERGY

FINANCIAL

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1 7

13

19

25

31

37

43

49

55

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91

97

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3

10

9

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5

12

1

12

7

13

3

13

9

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5

15

1

15

7

16

3

P (MW) Treska

Mavrovo

CRNA

Crn Drim

Gradec

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1 7 13 19 25 31 37 43 49 55 61 67 73 79 85 91 97 103

109

115

121

127

133

139

145

151

157

163

P (MW) Treska

Mavrovo

CRNA

Crn Drim

Gradec

Figure 6. Covering the peak demand for a week in case 1 (Both Cebren and Galiste are conventional HPP).

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

Gal conv, Ceb con

Gal conv, Ceb REV

Gal REV, Ceb REV

ENERGY

FINANCIAL

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1 7

13

19

25

31

37

43

49

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91

97

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3

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9

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5

12

1

12

7

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3

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9

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15

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3

P (MW) Treska

Mavrovo

CRNA

Crn Drim

Gradec

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1 7 13 19 25 31 37 43 49 55 61 67 73 79 85 91 97 103

109

115

121

127

133

139

145

151

157

163

P (MW) Treska

Mavrovo

CRNA

Crn Drim

Gradec

Figure 7. Covering the peak demand for a week in case 3 (Both Cebren and Galiste are Reversible HPP).

7 Simulation of Scenario –NoNuclear and Both Cebren andGaliste Are Reversible HPP

This case presents the operation of the power plants as ano-nuclear option (fossil option); where the base load iscovered with lignite TPPs, gas TPPs and import.

• Case – Both, Cebren and Galiste are reversible HPP• Coal TPP Bitola, Gas CHP and Import ( Demand andPumping)

Figure 9 and Figure 10 give the operation of the power sys-tem in a week, covering the demand of the consumers andthe needs for pumping.

10

Operating the NPP with Hydro Thermal Coordination in a Complex Power System

COAL Gas Import Demand Import PUMP Pumping Hydro

4800 3460 1600 750 -950 3346

-1000

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

COAL Gas Import demand

Import PUMP

Pumping Hydro

4800

3460

1600

750

-950

3346

GWH

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91 101 111 121 131 141 151 161

P (MW)

Pumping

Demand

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91 101 111 121 131 141 151 161

P (MW)

Hydro

Import pump

Import demand

Small Gas

Lignit & Gas

Figure 8. Contribution of the each type of technology for power generation.

-1000

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

COAL Gas Import demand

Import PUMP

Pumping Hydro

4800

3460

1600

750

-950

3346

GWH

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91 101 111 121 131 141 151 161

P (MW)

Pumping

Demand

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91 101 111 121 131 141 151 161

P (MW)

Hydro

Import pump

Import demand

Small Gas

Lignit & Gas

Figure 9. Demand and Pumping for Case of Reversible HPP, both Cebren and Galiste.

-1000

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

COAL Gas Import demand

Import PUMP

Pumping Hydro

4800

3460

1600

750

-950

3346

GWH

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91 101 111 121 131 141 151 161

P (MW)

Pumping

Demand

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91 101 111 121 131 141 151 161

P (MW)

Hydro

Import pump

Import demand

Small Gas

Lignit & Gas

Figure 10. Power Plant Operation in a week of a year.

Yearly Import for Pumping 750 GWh

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

1 486 971 1456 1941 2426 2911 3396 3881 4366 4851 5336 5821 6306 6791 7276 7761 8246 8731

P(MW)

-300

-250

-200

-150

-100

-50

0

1 486 971 1456 1941 2426 2911 3396 3881 4366 4851 5336 5821 6306 6791 7276 7761 8246 8731

P(MW)

-250

-200

-150

-100

-50

0

1 486 971 1456 1941 2426 2911 3396 3881 4366 4851 5336 5821 6306 6791 7276 7761 8246 8731

P(MW)

CEBREN pumping – 550 GWh GALISTE pumping – 400 GWh

Simulation of Scenario – with Nuclear Power Plant of 1000 MW

This case presents the operation of the power plants with nuclear power plant of 1000 MW

(nuclear option) mainly for the base load instead of lignite TPP and import.

• Case - Both, Cebren and Galiste are reversible HPP

• Instead of TPP Bitola and Import – Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) of 1000 MW

NUCLEAR Gas Import PUMP Pumping Hydro

6800 3460 340 -600 3000

-1000

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

NUCLEAR Gas Import PUMP

Pumping Hydro

6800

3460

340-600

2999

GWH

Fig. 11 Contribution of the each type of technology for power generation

CEBREN pumping – 550 GWh.

Yearly Import for Pumping 750 GWh

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

1 486 971 1456 1941 2426 2911 3396 3881 4366 4851 5336 5821 6306 6791 7276 7761 8246 8731

P(MW)

-300

-250

-200

-150

-100

-50

0

1 486 971 1456 1941 2426 2911 3396 3881 4366 4851 5336 5821 6306 6791 7276 7761 8246 8731

P(MW)

-250

-200

-150

-100

-50

0

1 486 971 1456 1941 2426 2911 3396 3881 4366 4851 5336 5821 6306 6791 7276 7761 8246 8731

P(MW)

CEBREN pumping – 550 GWh GALISTE pumping – 400 GWh

Simulation of Scenario – with Nuclear Power Plant of 1000 MW

This case presents the operation of the power plants with nuclear power plant of 1000 MW

(nuclear option) mainly for the base load instead of lignite TPP and import.

• Case - Both, Cebren and Galiste are reversible HPP

• Instead of TPP Bitola and Import – Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) of 1000 MW

NUCLEAR Gas Import PUMP Pumping Hydro

6800 3460 340 -600 3000

-1000

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

NUCLEAR Gas Import PUMP

Pumping Hydro

6800

3460

340-600

2999

GWH

Fig. 11 Contribution of the each type of technology for power generation

GALISTE pumping – 400 GWh.

11

Anton Chaushevski, Tome Boshevski, Sofija Nikolova-Poceva

Yearly Import for Pumping 750 GWh

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

1 486 971 1456 1941 2426 2911 3396 3881 4366 4851 5336 5821 6306 6791 7276 7761 8246 8731

P(MW)

-300

-250

-200

-150

-100

-50

0

1 486 971 1456 1941 2426 2911 3396 3881 4366 4851 5336 5821 6306 6791 7276 7761 8246 8731

P(MW)

-250

-200

-150

-100

-50

0

1 486 971 1456 1941 2426 2911 3396 3881 4366 4851 5336 5821 6306 6791 7276 7761 8246 8731

P(MW)

CEBREN pumping – 550 GWh GALISTE pumping – 400 GWh

Simulation of Scenario – with Nuclear Power Plant of 1000 MW

This case presents the operation of the power plants with nuclear power plant of 1000 MW

(nuclear option) mainly for the base load instead of lignite TPP and import.

• Case - Both, Cebren and Galiste are reversible HPP

• Instead of TPP Bitola and Import – Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) of 1000 MW

NUCLEAR Gas Import PUMP Pumping Hydro

6800 3460 340 -600 3000

-1000

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

NUCLEAR Gas Import PUMP

Pumping Hydro

6800

3460

340-600

2999

GWH

Fig. 11 Contribution of the each type of technology for power generation

Yearly Import for Pumping 750 GWh

NUCLEAR Gas Import PUMP Pumping Hydro

6800 3460 340 -600 3000

Yearly Import for Pumping 750 GWh

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

1 486 971 1456 1941 2426 2911 3396 3881 4366 4851 5336 5821 6306 6791 7276 7761 8246 8731

P(MW)

-300

-250

-200

-150

-100

-50

0

1 486 971 1456 1941 2426 2911 3396 3881 4366 4851 5336 5821 6306 6791 7276 7761 8246 8731

P(MW)

-250

-200

-150

-100

-50

0

1 486 971 1456 1941 2426 2911 3396 3881 4366 4851 5336 5821 6306 6791 7276 7761 8246 8731

P(MW)

CEBREN pumping – 550 GWh GALISTE pumping – 400 GWh

Simulation of Scenario – with Nuclear Power Plant of 1000 MW

This case presents the operation of the power plants with nuclear power plant of 1000 MW

(nuclear option) mainly for the base load instead of lignite TPP and import.

• Case - Both, Cebren and Galiste are reversible HPP

• Instead of TPP Bitola and Import – Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) of 1000 MW

NUCLEAR Gas Import PUMP Pumping Hydro

6800 3460 340 -600 3000

-1000

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

NUCLEAR Gas Import PUMP

Pumping Hydro

6800

3460

340-600

2999

GWH

Fig. 11 Contribution of the each type of technology for power generation

Figure 11. Contribution of the each type of technology for power generation.

0

500

1000

1500

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2500

1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76 81 86 91 96 101

106

111

116

121

126

131

136

141

146

151

156

161

166

P(MW)

Hydro

Import PUMP

Gas

NUCLEAR

Fig.12 Covering the demand of the power generation system for winter week with NPP

0

500

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1500

2000

2500

1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76 81 86 91 96 101

106

111

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126

131

136

141

146

151

156

161

166

P(MW)

Hydro

Import PUMP

Gas

NUCLEAR

Fig.13 Covering the demand of the power generation system for summer week with NPP

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1170

339

508

677

846

1015

1184

1353

1522

1691

1860

2029

2198

2367

2536

2705

2874

3043

3212

3381

3550

3719

3888

4057

4226

4395

4564

4733

4902

5071

5240

5409

5578

5747

5916

6085

6254

6423

6592

6761

6930

7099

7268

7437

7606

7775

7944

8113

8282

8451

8620

P (MW)

Fig.14 Base load covered of TPP Coal + Import with 6400 GWh

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1

177

353

529

705

881

1057

1233

1409

1585

1761

1937

2113

2289

2465

2641

2817

2993

3169

3345

3521

3697

3873

4049

4225

4401

4577

4753

4929

5105

5281

5457

5633

5809

5985

6161

6337

6513

6689

6865

7041

7217

7393

7569

7745

7921

8097

8273

8449

8625

P(MW)

Fig.15 Base load covered of NPP with 6800 GWh

Figure 12. Covering the demand of the power generation system for winter week with NPP.

12

Operating the NPP with Hydro Thermal Coordination in a Complex Power System

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76 81 86 91 96 101

106

111

116

121

126

131

136

141

146

151

156

161

166

P(MW)

Hydro

Import PUMP

Gas

NUCLEAR

Fig.12 Covering the demand of the power generation system for winter week with NPP

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76 81 86 91 96 101

106

111

116

121

126

131

136

141

146

151

156

161

166

P(MW)

Hydro

Import PUMP

Gas

NUCLEAR

Fig.13 Covering the demand of the power generation system for summer week with NPP

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1170

339

508

677

846

1015

1184

1353

1522

1691

1860

2029

2198

2367

2536

2705

2874

3043

3212

3381

3550

3719

3888

4057

4226

4395

4564

4733

4902

5071

5240

5409

5578

5747

5916

6085

6254

6423

6592

6761

6930

7099

7268

7437

7606

7775

7944

8113

8282

8451

8620

P (MW)

Fig.14 Base load covered of TPP Coal + Import with 6400 GWh

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1

177

353

529

705

881

1057

1233

1409

1585

1761

1937

2113

2289

2465

2641

2817

2993

3169

3345

3521

3697

3873

4049

4225

4401

4577

4753

4929

5105

5281

5457

5633

5809

5985

6161

6337

6513

6689

6865

7041

7217

7393

7569

7745

7921

8097

8273

8449

8625

P(MW)

Fig.15 Base load covered of NPP with 6800 GWh

Figure 13. Covering the demand of the power generation system for summer week with NPP.

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76 81 86 91 96 101

106

111

116

121

126

131

136

141

146

151

156

161

166

P(MW)

Hydro

Import PUMP

Gas

NUCLEAR

Fig.12 Covering the demand of the power generation system for winter week with NPP

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76 81 86 91 96 101

106

111

116

121

126

131

136

141

146

151

156

161

166

P(MW)

Hydro

Import PUMP

Gas

NUCLEAR

Fig.13 Covering the demand of the power generation system for summer week with NPP

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1170

339

508

677

846

1015

1184

1353

1522

1691

1860

2029

2198

2367

2536

2705

2874

3043

3212

3381

3550

3719

3888

4057

4226

4395

4564

4733

4902

5071

5240

5409

5578

5747

5916

6085

6254

6423

6592

6761

6930

7099

7268

7437

7606

7775

7944

8113

8282

8451

8620

P (MW)

Fig.14 Base load covered of TPP Coal + Import with 6400 GWh

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1

177

353

529

705

881

1057

1233

1409

1585

1761

1937

2113

2289

2465

2641

2817

2993

3169

3345

3521

3697

3873

4049

4225

4401

4577

4753

4929

5105

5281

5457

5633

5809

5985

6161

6337

6513

6689

6865

7041

7217

7393

7569

7745

7921

8097

8273

8449

8625

P(MW)

Fig.15 Base load covered of NPP with 6800 GWh

Figure 14. Base load covered of TPP Coal + Import with 6400 GWh.

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76 81 86 91 96 101

106

111

116

121

126

131

136

141

146

151

156

161

166

P(MW)

Hydro

Import PUMP

Gas

NUCLEAR

Fig.12 Covering the demand of the power generation system for winter week with NPP

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76 81 86 91 96 101

106

111

116

121

126

131

136

141

146

151

156

161

166

P(MW)

Hydro

Import PUMP

Gas

NUCLEAR

Fig.13 Covering the demand of the power generation system for summer week with NPP

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1170

339

508

677

846

1015

1184

1353

1522

1691

1860

2029

2198

2367

2536

2705

2874

3043

3212

3381

3550

3719

3888

4057

4226

4395

4564

4733

4902

5071

5240

5409

5578

5747

5916

6085

6254

6423

6592

6761

6930

7099

7268

7437

7606

7775

7944

8113

8282

8451

8620

P (MW)

Fig.14 Base load covered of TPP Coal + Import with 6400 GWh

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1

177

353

529

705

881

1057

1233

1409

1585

1761

1937

2113

2289

2465

2641

2817

2993

3169

3345

3521

3697

3873

4049

4225

4401

4577

4753

4929

5105

5281

5457

5633

5809

5985

6161

6337

6513

6689

6865

7041

7217

7393

7569

7745

7921

8097

8273

8449

8625

P(MW)

Fig.15 Base load covered of NPP with 6800 GWh

Figure 15. Base load covered of NPP with 6800 GWh.

13

Anton Chaushevski, Tome Boshevski, Sofija Nikolova-Poceva

8 Simulation of Scenario – with Nuclear Power Plant of1000 MW

This case presents the operation of the power plants withnuclear power plant of 1000 MW (nuclear option) mainlyfor the base load instead of lignite TPP and import. Fig-ure 11 gives the contribution of each type of resource forthis scenario.

• Case – Both, Cebren and Galiste are reversible HPP• Instead of TPP Bitola and Import – Nuclear PowerPlant (NPP) of 1000 MW

Figures 12 and 13 show the operation of the plants forgiven winter and summer week respectively. Figure 14 andFigure 15 present the yearly base load covered with fos-sil fuels+import (6400 GWh), and covered with nuclearpower plant (6800 GWh).

9 Conclusion

Reversible HPP can have significant role in the power sys-tem, especially for the hydro power complex with low nat-ural water inflow. In order to have better economical in-come from the operating regime, it is very important thewater managing between the upper and lower reservoir forthe time period. This paper presents the hydro-nuclearoperation of Cebren and Galiste with NPP. Reversible HPPis the appropriate solution for the complex power system.The advantage of this complex system is the additionalpeak energy with reversible HPP Cebren and Galiste (hightariff of selling), where the base loads capacity of NPP can

be use for pumping regime (low tariff of buying). Thismanaging can have financial benefit of the hydro – nuclearcomplex

HPP Cebren and HPP Galiste are one of the biggest invest-ments in energy sector in Macedonia for the next 10 years.Therefore, it is very important to analyze the role of thewhole hydro power complex of Crna River in the Macedo-nian Power System.

Besides the energy benefit, the additional point can bethe financial benefit with the economical and reasonableprice for electricity in pumping operating regime compar-ing with the same one in generating regime in peak loads.

References

[1] A. Causevski: “Analytical Numerical Improvements of theModels for Yearly Generation Planning in a Complex PowerSystem”, PhD Thesis, Faculty of Electrical Eng. Skopje(2001).

[2] A. Causevski, T. Bosevski: “Improved model for electric-ity generation planning in the small economic autonomouspower system”, ETRAN 2003, Herceg Novi, Zbornik radova,Sveska I, (2003) 341-343.

[3] Technical Reports & Reviews from ELEM and MEPSO.

[4] P.D. Brown, J.A. Peças Lopes, M.A. Matos: “Optimization ofPumped Storage Capacity in an Isolated Power SystemWithLarge Renewable Penetration”. IEEE Transactions on PowerSystems 23 (2008) 523-531.

[5] E.D. Castronuov, J.A. Peças Lopes: “On the optimizationof the daily operation of a wind-hydro power plant”. IEEETransactions on Power Systems 19 (2004) 1599-1606.

14