OpenTag Webinar
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Transcript of OpenTag Webinar
JP Norair16 Dec 2009
OPENTAG DASH7 STACK OVERVIEW
www.dash7.orgDASH7 Confidential
Basic Facts•An open source DASH7 stack•Primarily for microcontrollers•Written in C
ABOUT THE PROJECT•On-and-off development for two years‣ Some unsuccessful platforms aborted‣ However, library has been tested for billions of vectors
•One current developer, looking for more!‣ Platform porters‣ FreeRTOS developers‣ Library debuggers
•Apache License
•Less than 10K lines of total code‣ Compiled code is much less‣ Build size is typically 8 - 16KB
http://www.sourceforge.net/projects/opentag
www.dash7.orgDASH7 Confidential
DASH7: Ultra-low Energy Wireless Data Technology
• Based on the ISO 18000-7 standard• Mandated by U.S. Department of Defense,
allied militaries• Range is scalable, 10 - 2000 m (1.2 mi)• 433 MHz• 28 kbps• Extendable to multi-hop, sensors, security,
IPv6, and other features
2002:Proto-DASH7used by DoD
2004:First Publication ISO 18000-7
2008:Latest Publication
ISO 18000-7
ABOUT DASH7
www.dash7.org
The DASH7 Alliance directs the development of the DASH7 standard.
Are you interested in joining?www.dash7.org
End Users
SystemsIntegrators
SoftwareDevelopers
ISO 18000-7LicenseesSemiconductor
Companies
Academia
Entrepreneurs
ABOUT THEDASH7 ALLIANCE
www.dash7.orgDASH7 Confidential
ABOUT ME•Name: JP Norair
•Current Status‣ Lead Developer of OpenTag‣ Applications Engineering Mgr. at Savi Technology‣ Co-chair of DASH7 Technology Working Group
•CV items‣ Expertise in RF Comms and Signal Processing‣ Large knowledge of passive and active RFID‣ Growing knowledge of open source project mgmt!
www.dash7.orgDASH7 Confidential
BRIEF HISTORY OF OPENTAG2007 2008200820082008 2009200920092009
Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
STMicro introduces Sensor HDK to Savi, we plan DASH7 integration
First line of OpenTag code
writtenEncoder chain
passes 100 million tests
First AlphaMajor architectural upgrade in order to work better with
different RF silicon
First Release on SourceForge
Beta for ST/Arira platform
OpenTag has been in development for a while, but has been delayed by several rearchitecting phases. As a result, OpenTag is more than a “1.0” product.
“DASH7”coined DASH7 Alliance
Kickoff meeting
www.dash7.orgDASH7 Confidential
Interoperability
•Happens when different developers use the same codebase.
•Happens when a reference codebase for conducting plugfests.
Platform Support
•Open source distributions allow for maximum proliferation of platform support.
Ecosystem Growth
•Reduced time to market
•Greater awareness of DASH7 among product developers
DASH7 BENEFITS FROM OPENTAGThe DASH7 Alliance has a symbiotic relationship with OpenTag.
www.dash7.orgDASH7 Confidential
STMicroelectronicsDASH7 SILICON PARTNERS
Expect many SoC parts in 2010-2011
Does your silicon company want to get involved with DASH7?
We will support your product!
www.dash7.orgDASH7 Confidential
DESIGN GOALS
• High Performance DASH7 implementation‣ Moore’s Law has affected microcontrollers, so take advantage‣ Minimal lag between request & response‣ Minimum power requirements (minimum CPU duty cycle)
• Small Program Size‣ Memory on microcontrollers is not growing as fast as DMIPS‣ Where possible, use C-preprocessor directives instead of C‣ Reuse code blocks wherever possible
• Portable to many architectures & MCUs
• Does not require persistent SRAM variables‣ Improves portability and MCU options‣ Increases robustness
www.dash7.orgDASH7 Confidential
SYSTEM APPLICABILITY• Designed for 16 and 32 bit MCUs (these are more efficient)• Requires a hardware DMA or FIFO of some sort
Examples Status Notes
≥ 32 bit
16/32 bit
16 bit
N/8 bit
8 bit
Intel, PPC, most ARMs Tested OpenTag would be used as a daemon on such a platform
ARM Cortex Mx TestedIdeal for embedded applications where 32bit data space or
good DMIPS are beneficial. Cortex M0 may be the “goldilocks” factor.
MSP430 PendingSuitable for all existing applications and most future applications that
DASH7 Alliance has envisioned. Public Key and IPv6 may strain limits.
CoolRISC, PIC –(large instruction word / 8 bit data). Caveat Emptor.
22bit CoolRISC may be workable. PIC, unlikely.
8051, 6800 –Unlikely to be suitable for complete OpenTag distributions, but may be
suitable for module type applications where data is held on master MCU.
www.dash7.orgDASH7 Confidential
OPENTAG BASIC ARCHITECTURE
• Highly modular
• Platform, Init, and UHF modules are hardware-specific. The rest (OTlib) is completely abstracted.
• No OpenTag code in ISRs
• Requires HW DMA or FIFO: strategy is “sprint and sleep,” with no frequent interrupts.
UHFUHF
UserMainUserMain
MACMAC
CommandsCommands
InitInit
QueueQueue
CRC16CRC16
CRC TableCRC Table
Decode TableDecode Table
PacketcodesPacketcodes
EncodeEncode
DataData
MemoryMemory
Pla!ormPla!orm
Hardware or OSHardware or OS
RadioRadio
OTlib
www.dash7.orgDASH7 Confidential
SYSTEM ORGANIZATION
OpenTag is a distribution containing the OTlib and platform code
OTlib:Fully abstracted modules
Platforms:HW-specific code and abstraction layer(s) Folder for each
HW target
Config (.h) files for each boardHW libraryVersioned platform code
www.dash7.orgDASH7 Confidential
DATASTREAM MODEL
• OTlib has a modular design so that individual modules may be replaced or revised without affecting the entire system – or run independently, even in an interrupt-free environment.
• OTlib uses interrupts only to wake the MCU from low power modes. The ISR merely clears the interrupt-pending-bits. The body code must act on the interrupts.
• OTlib has softer real-time requirements and fewer interrupts due to datastream buffering.
sleep
maxinterrupt windows
T T T T’
www.dash7.orgDASH7 Confidential
VIRTUAL MEMORY
• All calls to the data layer should be by virtual address.
• Single 16 bit virtual addressing space (easily upgradeable to 24 or 32 bits)
• Part 1: VWORM (Virtual Write-Once Read-Multiple)‣ Optimized for infrequently written data strings (can be written multiple times, but unoptimized)‣ Used in OpenTag for string data (most UDB elements)
• Part 2: VEEPROM (Virtual EEPROM)‣ Optimized for storage of (somewhat) frequently changing variables‣ If held in Flash, must use wear-leveling techniques and garbage collection, so uses memory space inefficiently‣ If held in traditional EEPROM, performance may be poor (depends on HW)‣ Used in OpenTag for some system variables and UDB elements.
www.dash7.org
DASH7 OFFICIAL DEV TOOLS
STM32 “SmartSensor” Kit:STMicro & Arira
ariradesign.com/hdk.php
TI CC430 & Kitmsp430.com
Open Source DASH7 Libraryfor Microcontrollers
opentag.sourceforge.net
www.dash7.org
STEP 1
Get a board. There are some supported boards available, but OpenTag can also be ported
to many other platforms.
STEP 2
Install “Git” (free source management tool) and join
OpenTag on SourceForge to have access to the latest code.
STEP 3
Start programming your application using the OpenTag
DASH7 stack.
3 STEPS TO OPENTAG DEVELOPMENT
www.dash7.orgDASH7 Confidential
ST - ARIRA DEV KIT
A multi-purpose, multi-system dev kit including hardware and software (DASH7 software is OpenTag).
Compiler : IARDebugger: Segger JLinkTotal Code Size: Less than 50KBCost: ~$2000
http://www.ariradesign.com/hdk.php
Component Hardware Software
Processor ST STM32 Arira
DASH7 Radio Semtech SX1212 OpenTag
GPS ST Module ST/Arira
Cellular ST GPRS Module ST/Arira
www.dash7.orgDASH7 Confidential
SEMTECH SX1212
•Highest performance DASH7 transceiver‣ Lowest Power‣ Highest Receiver Sensitivity‣ Highest Transmitter Strength
•Usable as low as 2.1V, allowing dual alkaline power supply.
•Usable with on-chip 64 byte FIFO or off-chip DMA (via SPI bus).
• Longest range due to highest performance.
Semtech SX1212
Freq. Range
Sensitivity
Output Range
Voltage
Sleep
Start Up
Active RX
Active TX
300 - 510 MHz
-102 dBm
-8.5 to 12.5 dBm
2.1 - 3.6 V
0.1 µA
2 ms @ 0.5mA avg
2.5 mA typ
16 mA typ (1 dBm)
OpenTag/DASH7 Reference Transceiver
www.dash7.orgDASH7 Confidential
POSSIBILITIES WITH SX1212
Large Area Yard Mgmt
Integration with GPS, satcom
In-container sensors
Battery powered
read nodes
Tags with very long life
www.dash7.org
TI CC430 DEV KIT
An evaluation kit for the CC430 SoC, with no additional features or software.
Compiler : IAR, CCS, GCC Debugger: TI JTAG debugger ($100)Total Code Size: Less than 16KBCost: $149
http://www.ti.com/cc430
Component Hardware Software
Processor TI CC430 (MSP430F5) None
DASH7 Radio TI CC430 (CC1101) OpenTag
www.dash7.orgDASH7 Confidential
HIGHLIGHT:TI CC430
• The first true family of SoCs for DASH7
• The CC430 is a single, silicon die and can be used in a QFN package or as a bare die.
• Very capable, and can easily support the future evolution of DASH7
• Excellent engineering support from TI
RF CPU
Freq. Range
Sensitivity
Output Range
Voltage
Sleep
Start Up
Active RX
Active TX
433 / 868 / 915 MHz
-96 dBm
-40 to 10 dBm 25MHz MSP43010 DMIPS
2.2 - 3.6 V10 DMIPS
0.7 mA / DMIPS AES128 Hardware
0.1 µAAES128 Hardwareup to 32 KB Flashup to 4KB SRAM
0.3 ms @ 16mA avgup to 4KB SRAM~2 µA RTC-sleep
16 mA typ
16 mA typ (0 dBm)
www.dash7.orgDASH7 Confidential
POSSIBILITIES WITH CC430
DASH7 in Access Card
DASH7 onSIM Card
Tire Pressure
Monitoring
sub-$10eSeal
Very Small Tracking Tags
www.dash7.orgDASH7 Confidential
25mm
15mm
CC430F5137
8mm
8mm
3mm
3mm
QFN48
Die Package
Flat Ferrite Loop Antenna
COOL IDEA: CC430 ON SIM CARD
www.dash7.orgDASH7 Confidential
Official OpenTag development will support 1.x and 2.x versions across several platforms and eventually a serial-1/O “module” type target. Unofficial development may enable many more platforms and features.
2009 2010 2011-2012
PC Simulator 1.0
2.x for new SoCs
Alpha Development
Arira Beta
CC430 1.0
Official Developers:
Beta/1.0OTlib + custom platform code
1
PC Simulator 2.0
CC430 Beta CC430 2.0
Arira 1.0 Arira 2.0
AlphaPC simulation of OTlib routines
23
4
55+
2.0OTlib + FreeRTOS
1.x / 2.xUpdates & Upgrades
PC Simulator 2.x
Arira 1.x / 2.x
CC430 2.x
SX1282 Module 1.x
Module 2.x
www.dash7.orgDASH7 Confidential
While 2010 is not focused on platform development, it is focused on feature improvements. The DASH7 Technology Working Group (TWG) is developing specifications for several new features. OpenTag will support these.
2009 2010 2011-2012
Official Developers:
New DASH7 FeaturesFeatures under discussion within the DASH7 Alliance Technology Working Group (TWG).
1
ISO 18000-7:2008Standard Spec Functionaliy
2
3 4
5
5+
IPv6
Mode 2
LF ext.PrivateKey
PublicKey
18000-7: 2008
Sensorext.
Remaining New DASH7 Features
www.dash7.org
NEAR-TERMRELEASE SCHEDULE•Beta code available today for ST/Arira
platform – interfaces are frozen, so fine for getting started.
•Beta code available for CC430 in early Jan
•1.0 releases to follow shortly
• Incremental 1.0.x releases will feature improved application / plug&play support
http://www.sourceforge.net/projects/opentag
Component Support Release Date
Processor
STM32CC430CMSISSX1282
Dec 2009Jan 2009Q2 2010Q2 2010
DASH7 Radio
SX1212CC430SX1230SX1282
Dec 2009Jan 2009Q1 2010Q2 2010
RTOS FreeRTOS Q2 2010
www.dash7.orgDASH7 Confidential
Questions? [email protected]