Opening Discussion (3/14/11)• How do the Germanic traditions and customs differ from the

Roman traditions and customs? • Why is the relationship between the Franks and the Roman

Christian Church so vital for each side?• How does the Frankish tradition of splitting territory among all

sons cause problems for the Merovingian and Carolingian Kingdoms of the Franks?

ENDURING UNDERSTANDINGS FOR TODAY’S LESSON1. Feudalism is a political structure that relies on agreements

among rulers and the people that they rule.2. Manorialism is an economic and social structure based upon

farming, self-sufficiency, and the local authority of nobles and lords.

Opening Discussion (3/16/11)ENDURING UNDERSTANDINGS FOR TODAY’S LESSON1. Feudalism is a political structure that relies on agreements

among rulers and the people that they rule.2. Manorialism is an economic and social structure based

upon farming, self-sufficiency, and the local authority of nobles and lords.

3. Social Structures of Civilizations rely on a large amount of people supporting the lifestyle and needs of a small minority.

Put your HW in the black tray on the middle tableQUIZ HAS BEEN MOVED BACK ONE CLASS PERIODReview will be posted online tonight

• Terms to know:1. Fief – piece of land granted by a king or lord to a lesser

noble2. Vassal – Title of person who receives a “fief” from a lord

or noble3. Primogeniture – the practice of passing all property

from the father to the eldest son4. Investiture – formal ceremony in which a lord grants

land to his vassal to govern and use• Usually comes with a symbolic object too (sword, shield, etc..)

5. Serf – lowest class in feudal society and was tied to the land they worked (owned nothing)

6. Manorialsim – Economic structure of the Feudal Society – based upon manors that produced food through agriculture and self-sufficient.

The Feudal System• Political Structure of Middle Ages in Europe• Based upon feudal contracts and obligations • Characteristics:

– Loyalty– Service– Social Hierarchies– Protection

• “Fiefs” could be granted by kings/lords to the Roman Church in order to get favors from them– gave church officials large amount of land/property

during the Middle Ages

Knights

Barons/Lords

King KING

Baron/Lord or other Nobles

Knight Knight

Church Official

Monastery or Church

Manor

On the Bottom of this were the Peasants and Serfs. They worked on the manor and provided food and services to the lords of their manors

Obligations of the Feudal System

Kings/Lords provided Vassals with:1. Fiefs – grants of

land2. Protection when

needed3. Settles disputes

between vassals

Lords provided Vassals with:1. Allegiance (known as

homage)2. Tribute – money or goods3. Military service when

needed (knights)4. Hospitality and other

services

Vassals provide peasants/serfs on their manor with:1. Land to farm and

make living off of2. Military protection

against invasion3. Economic security

and stability in bad times

Peasants/Serfs provide vassals with:1. Labor/Service for certain

needs of the manor2. Help in defending manor

when needed3. Labor on the land of the

Lord (Lord’s Domain = 1/3 of the manor’s farming land)

MANORIALISM= ECONOMIC SYSTEM OF THE MIDDLE AGES

The Manor system is the economic system of the Middle Ages. Manors usually had a castle or fort and people migrated to these for protection. Every manor had to be self sufficient in order to survive (lack of trade).

Every Manor consisted of:1. A large estate that

included the manor house (lords home)

2. Pastures (for livestock – ex – sheep, cattle)

3. Fields for agriculture (farming)

4. A village (for the peasants) with a church, artisan buildings, and other various buildings

• Self-sufficient – Basically had to be able to produce everything they needed on the Manor– they had to be able to produce

their own food, clothing and leather goods

• Usually found on a manor was:– Blacksmith– Carpenter– Shoemaker– Miller to grind grain– Vintner (wine maker)– Brewer

THE LORD’S DOMAIN• Typically in a manor

the lord kept 1/3 of the land himself.– Called his Domain– He controls the

manor and settles disputes

– He is the ruler and his word was usually final

FARMING ON THE MANOR• Manor was usually located near a stream or river

– Provided water for crops and power for a mill• Land that was used for farming was split into three fields

– Only two fields were planted and one was left fallow, or unplanted

People who could be found on a

Manor

BARONS AND LORDS

• Received fief (land) in exchange for service to King

• Controlled large amounts of land• Lived on a Manor• Provided income and soldiers to

King• Serfs & Peasants worked the

land in exchange for security and protection– Provided food, services, & clothing

for the Lord

Clergy• Served a Lord and the Manor• Lived in monasteries or

churches on Manor• Focused on serving the church• Received support from the

Lord’s Manor–Lord, Knights, & Serfs provided needs

Knights• Received land from

Lord in exchange for fighting

• Starting training as a Paige at age of 7-8

• Became Squire at 13-14

• Knighthood at 18 years old

• Lived by code of Chivalry

PEASANTS AND SERFS• Peasants had their own

strip of land in each field– Paid the lord for the use of

the land with crops or bread– Provide many types of labor

including road, bridge or building repairs

– Could not leave the manor without the Lord’s permission

– Not allowed to hunt anywhere near the manor

– Serfs owned nothing….