Opening address - Oscar Abbink

Welcome to ENGINE Workshop 7Leiden, The Netherlands

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TNO's five core areas

TNO Quality of Life

TNO Defence, Security and Safety

TNO Built Environment and Geosciences

TNO Science and Technology

TNO Information and Communication Technology

TNO's mission is to apply scientific knowledge with the aim of strengthening the innovative power of industry and government.

TNO: 4500 staff, 500 mEUR turn-over300 geoscientists

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TNO B&O: application areas

Sustainable exploration and utilisation of the

subsurface

Sustainable organisation/ management of the built

environment

Sustainable use/ management of infrastructure

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TNO B&O

Soil & Groundwater

Geo-Energy & Geo-Information (~160 staff)BU manager : Chris te Stroet

5 other business units

Oscar Abbink Henk Pagnier Barthold Schroot Martin Peersman Roel Verreussel

GeobiologyDINOAdvisory Group for

Min. Econ. AffOil & Gas Sustainable

Geo-Energy

CONFIDENTIAL

TNO Built Environment & Geosciences

Geological Survey of

The Netherlands

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Geo-Energy and Geo-Information• Oil&Gas

• Exploration• Production• Niche technologies

• Sustainable Geo-energy• Induced seismicity• CO2 storage

• geothermal energy

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Exploration

• new prospectsin mature areas

• frontier basins

Coupled HMFC models

Proxy studies

Thematic maps

Undiscovered field

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Production: Smart fields - smart wells

Complex ReservoirsComplex Reservoirs

P,T

P,T

P,T

P,T

P,T

Smart wellsSmart wells

Estimated permeability fieldTrue k-fieldEstimated

k-field

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Niche technologies

• Geological Surveyof The Netherlands

• DINO

• Basin modeling• Geomechanics• Fluid flow• Biostratigraphy• Geochemistry• ....

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Subsidence and induced seismicity

Subsidence

SlochterenReservoir

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Probability ofInduced earthquakes

Investigation of factors controlling induced seismicity(Rob van Eijs, Friday)

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Efficiency

Sustainable

CO2 storage

Target

year

Transition to sustainable energy production

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Efficiency

Sustainable

CO2 storage

Target

year

Transition to sustainable energy production

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CO2 storage issues

• Site selection, storage capacity• Geological evaluation and reservoir simulation• Risk analysis of a storage site• Monitoring and verification• CO2 capture

• CO2 injection

• Enhance Oil recovery (EOR)• Enhanced Gas recovery (EGR)• Enhanced Coal Bed Methane (ECBM)• storage in aquifers

• Alternative solutions for energy supply without emissions• Policy, regulation and economics

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CO2 issues

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CO2 storage: concept of storage capacity

“Whole pore volume”

Geological/engineering limits

Techno-economic/legal limits

Match with source

Until now, various limitations have/have not been used ( in a mixed way) by various countries

No consistent use of this approach…..

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Depleted gas fieldsGESTCO (TNO, 2003)

• Total capacity• 3400 Mt Non-Groningen (160 vld)

• 2140 Mt onshore• 1260 Mt offshore

• 7512 Mt Groningen

• 206 fields < 4 Mt

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Depleted gasfields -Timing

• Groningen (7550 MT) released after 2040

After Breunese, 2006

Storage capacity on shore gasfields(ex. Gron.)

0

200

400

600

800

1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

mrd.m3

gas

0

400

800

1200

1600

Mt CO2

EARLY

offer

LATE

cum prod

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SafetyEconomics“enhanced recovery”

TNO participates in all but one (CO2SINK) CO2 projects

Sites under investigation in Europe

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Demonstration example: K12 B(GdF)

• Reservoir engineering• Modelling predictions , history matching

• Monitoring • Well integrity• Tracers• Baseline

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Aquifer storage: Sleipner site1994 1999 2001

Top reservoir

1 km

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Hazard analysis

• Example: De Lier

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Risk assessment: FEP method for CO2(Christian Bos, today)

0.0E+00

5.0E-03

1.0E-02

1.5E-02

2.0E-02

2.5E-02

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000

time [years] since start injection

[kg/

d/m

2]

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

mean CO2 fluxradius

1300 3800

storage efficiency:90.0%

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Geothermal energy Netherlands -Shallow applications

• ATES - Aquifer thermal energy storage:• Capacity 0.1 - 10 MW, • A few 100 systems for offices, hospitals etc

• GSHP - Ground source heat pumps • Some 1000’s systems, individual houses

(IF technology)

Total capacaity NL:100-200 MW

Open Closed

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Deep Geothermal Energy in the Netherlands (1)

• New interest:• Energy Policy Document late 90’s : aiming towards 10-20 geothermal

doublets in 2020 …about 100 MW

• Incentives:• High oil and gas price• New Mining Law 2003 opens up accessibility to O&G data

jaar

Olie

prijs

$

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Deep Geothermal Energy in the Netherlands(2)

• Low enthalpy doublets possible in sandstone aquifers 1500-4000 m• Temperature gradient about 30-32 degrees / km • Currentlu:Direct use, in near future: combined

with ORC/Kalina systems for electricity ?

• In future• exploration of depths > 4000 m?• Re-use of O&G wells (VAN WEES, today)• EGS along active faults systems?

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Current projects

Tomato Farmer Bleiswijk:Greenhouse heating

Den Haag – Zuid WestDistrict heating

Provincie Flevoland:Feasibility Geothermal E.

Provincie Drenthe: Feasibility Geothermal E. Emmen/Assen

EOS project RUG/TUD/WUR:Future Energy use Spat. Plan.

Deep borehole Heat exch.

NAM/NUON Barendrecht:District heating

Waddenkas BerlicumGreenhouse heating

Agriport A7Green house heating

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Bleiswijk-Green house heating

BRK-07 MKP-10Petuniaweg 28

Producer

2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 11000 12000 13000 14000 15000 16000

2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 11000 12000 13000 14000 15000 16000

-240

0-2

000

-160

0-1

200

-800

-400

0

-2400-2000

-1600-1200

-800-400

0

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500m

1:60000Country

Block

License

Model name

Horizon name

Scale

Contour inc

User name

Date

Signature

Kees' model

Basis KN

1:60000

kgeel

12/15/2005

Dwarsprofiel Berkel-Moerkapelle

Noordzee Gp

Chalk

Vlieland Kleisteen

Schieland Gp

Rijswijk + Berkel SST

• Doublet @ 1750 m - 60 degC - 4 MWth

• 7 ha greenhouse- equals use of 3 Mln m3 gas• Investment 5.5 M EUR• Wells have been drilled: currently optimisationof production rate

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District heating Den Haag Zuid-West

• Planned doublet @ 2200 m - 75 deg C - 6 MWth

• 3800 houses /20000 m2 offices connected during 2008-2011• Investment 45 Miljoen EUR (incl. heating grid)• current phase: Final well design

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HAVE A GOOD WORKSHOP !