OpenCAE Local Workshop@Kansai 20th Sep 2014 Masashi Imano (OCAEL Co. Ltd.)1

OpenFOAM-2.3.0の 全チュートアリアル・ベンチマーク

今野 雅（株式会社OCAEL）

OpenCAE Local Workshop@Kansai 20th Sep 2014 Masashi Imano (OCAEL Co. Ltd.)2

OpenFOAMのベンチマークテスト

✓コンパイラ種別(intel/gnu)やコンパイラ最適化オプションを変えて，できるだけ多くのケースでベンチマークテストを行い，可能ならば性能を最適化したい．

✓全チュートリアルケースを対象にベンチマークテストを行うのが理想的． ✓全実行(Allrun)は時間かかりすぎ． ✓テスト実行(Alltest)は1ステップ実行のため，時間比較の精度が悪い． ✓24時間以内で終了させるため，Alltestを500ステップ実行するように改造して，ベンチマークテストを行い，計算時間の比較を行なった．

✓ただし，実行時間が莫大な foamyHexMesh/mixerVessel や，実行に失敗するケースは除いた．

OpenCAE Local Workshop@Kansai 20th Sep 2014 Masashi Imano (OCAEL Co. Ltd.)3

OpenFOAMのビルド

✓対象システム

• Aシステム (Intel Xeon L5640, 2.26GHz) ベクトル化: SSE4.2

• Dシステム (Intel Xeon E5-2670 v2, 2.5GHz) ベクトル化: AVX ✓intelコンパイラ (Ver 14.0.0)

• boost: 標準設定の1_55_0はビルド失敗 → 1_54_0

• 最適化オプション: -O3はfoamyHexMeshが動かない → -O2 ✓gnuコンパイラ

• Ver: 4.8.2はCGALやfoamyHexMeshのビルド失敗 → 4.8.3

• 最適化オプション: -O3に-msse4.2を付けても0.1%の違い→ -O3

OpenCAE Local Workshop@Kansai 20th Sep 2014 Masashi Imano (OCAEL Co. Ltd.)4

intelコンパイラの最適化オプション検討✓対象システム

• A システム (Intel Xeon L5640 , 2.26GHz) ～SSE4.2

• D システム (Intel Xeon E5-2670 v2, 2.5 GHz) ～SSE4.2, AVX ✓ ケース I1

• 最適化オプション: -axAVX,SSE4.2 -O2 -no-prec-div

• 全てのシステムで動作．DシステムでAVXが有効(-axオプションで切替) ✓ケース I2

• 最適化オプション: -xSSE4.2 -O2 -no-prec-div

• 全てのシステムで動作．DシステムでAVXが有効ではない ✓ケース I3

• 最適化オプション: -xHost -O2 -no-prec-div (OpenFOAMデフォルト)

• Aシステムでは動作しない．DシステムではAVXが有効．

OpenCAE Local Workshop@Kansai 20th Sep 2014 Masashi Imano (OCAEL Co. Ltd.)

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5

計算時間の比較 (Dシステム)

intelコンパイラでベクトル化オプションを変えても計算時間はほぼ変らない

OpenCAE Local Workshop@Kansai 20th Sep 2014 Masashi Imano (OCAEL Co. Ltd.)

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intelコンパイラでベクトル化オプションを変えても計算時間はほぼ変らない

OpenCAE Local Workshop@Kansai 20th Sep 2014 Masashi Imano (OCAEL Co. Ltd.)7

intel vs gnu

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intel版に対するgnu版の計算時間の回帰式の係数は1.15で15%の増加

OpenCAE Local Workshop@Kansai 20th Sep 2014 Masashi Imano (OCAEL Co. Ltd.)8

計算時間の比(Dシステム, intelコンパイラ)

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I1 Better

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I1:-axAVX,SSE4.2 I2:-xSSE4.2 I3:-xHost

OpenCAE Local Workshop@Kansai 20th Sep 2014 Masashi Imano (OCAEL Co. Ltd.)9

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I1 > I2，I1 ≒ I3I1 Better

I1 Worse

計算時間の比(Dシステム, intelコンパイラ)

OpenCAE Local Workshop@Kansai 20th Sep 2014 Masashi Imano (OCAEL Co. Ltd.)10

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I1:-axAVX,SSE4.2 I2:-xSSE4.2 I3:-xHost

I1 > I2，I1 ≒ I3I1 Better

I1 Worse

計算時間の比(Dシステム, intelコンパイラ)

OpenCAE Local Workshop@Kansai 20th Sep 2014 Masashi Imano (OCAEL Co. Ltd.)11

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CP

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e r

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FOCUS A system (Intel Xeon L5640, 2.26GHz)

I2/I1, average:0.991

I1:-axAVX,SSE4.2 I2:-xSSE4.2

I1 ≒ I2I1 Better

I1 Worse

計算時間の比(Aシステム, intelコンパイラ)

OpenCAE Local Workshop@Kansai 20th Sep 2014 Masashi Imano (OCAEL Co. Ltd.)12

0.85

0.9

0.95

1

1.05

1.1

1.15

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CP

U t

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FOCUS A system (Intel Xeon L5640, 2.26GHz)

I2/I1, average:0.991

I1 Better

I1 Worse

I1:-axAVX,SSE4.2 I2:-xSSE4.2

I1 ≒ I2

計算時間の比(Aシステム, intelコンパイラ)

OpenCAE Local Workshop@Kansai 20th Sep 2014 Masashi Imano (OCAEL Co. Ltd.)13

0.85

0.9

0.95

1

1.05

1.1

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FOCUS A system (Intel Xeon L5640, 2.26GHz)

I2/I1, average:0.991

I1 Better

I1 Worse

I1:-axAVX,SSE4.2 I2:-xSSE4.2

I1 ≒ I2

計算時間の比(Aシステム, intelコンパイラ)

OpenCAE Local Workshop@Kansai 20th Sep 2014 Masashi Imano (OCAEL Co. Ltd.)14

MPPICFoam/cyclone chemFoam/nc7h16

I1 Better

I1 Worse

I1:intel compiler -axAVX,SSE4.2 G2:gnu compiler -O3

計算時間の比(Dシステム，intel vs gnu)

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

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1.6

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FOCUS D system (Intel Xeon E5-2670 v2, 2.5GHz)

G2/I1, average:1.066

OpenCAE Local Workshop@Kansai 20th Sep 2014 Masashi Imano (OCAEL Co. Ltd.)15

interDyMFoam/ras/mixerVesselAMI

I1 Better

I1 Worse

I1:intel compiler -axAVX,SSE4.2 G2:gnu compiler -O3

計算時間の比(Dシステム，intel vs gnu)

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2

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rFoam

/dam

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ak4

phase

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e

multip

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/mixe

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l2D

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ak4

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/lam

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ak4

phase

Fin

e

nonN

ew

tonia

nIco

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der

pim

ple

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lAM

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pim

ple

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ple

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letA

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ple

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ple

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ple

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ple

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ple

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ple

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ega

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ple

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apped

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vity

piso

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poro

usS

imple

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dD

uctE

xplicit

poro

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imple

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/angle

dD

uctIm

plicit

poro

usS

imple

Foam

/straig

htD

uctIm

plicit

pote

ntia

lFoam

/cylinder

pote

ntia

lFoam

/pitzD

aily

CP

U tim

e r

atio

FOCUS D system (Intel Xeon E5-2670 v2, 2.5GHz)

G2/I1, average:1.066

OpenCAE Local Workshop@Kansai 20th Sep 2014 Masashi Imano (OCAEL Co. Ltd.)16

I1:intel compiler -axAVX,SSE4.2 G2:gnu compiler -O3

sprayFoam/aachenBomb

I1 Better

I1 Worse

計算時間の比(Dシステム，intel vs gnu)

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2

rea

cting

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terF

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am

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cting

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uid

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U t

ime

ra

tio

FOCUS D system (Intel Xeon E5-2670 v2, 2.5GHz)

G2/I1, average:1.066

twoPhaseEulerFoam/laminar/bubbleColumnIATE

OpenCAE Local Workshop@Kansai 20th Sep 2014 Masashi Imano (OCAEL Co. Ltd.)17

MPPICFoam/cyclone

I1 Better

I1 Worse

I1:intel compiler -axAVX,SSE4.2 G2:gnu compiler -O3

計算時間の比(Aシステム，intel vs gnu)

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2

DP

MF

oam

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CP

U tim

e r

atio

FOCUS A system (Intel Xeon L5640, 2.26GHz)

G2/I1, average:1.038

OpenCAE Local Workshop@Kansai 20th Sep 2014 Masashi Imano (OCAEL Co. Ltd.)18

multiphaseInterFoam/ laminar/ damBreak4phaseFine

I1 Better

I1 Worse

I1:intel compiler -axAVX,SSE4.2 G2:gnu compiler -O3

計算時間の比(Aシステム，intel vs gnu)

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2

icoU

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uple

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inte

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inte

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/lam

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inte

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akF

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inte

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ple

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ple

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otio

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otio

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ple

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pim

ple

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/TJu

nctio

n

pim

ple

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/TJu

nctio

nF

an

pim

ple

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pim

ple

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ega

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ple

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apped

piso

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/cylinder

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ntia

lFoam

/pitzD

aily

CP

U t

ime

ra

tio

FOCUS A system (Intel Xeon L5640, 2.26GHz)

G2/I1, average:1.038multiphaseEulerFoam/ damBreak4phaseFine

OpenCAE Local Workshop@Kansai 20th Sep 2014 Masashi Imano (OCAEL Co. Ltd.)19

I1:intel compiler -axAVX,SSE4.2 G2:gnu compiler -O3

sprayFoam/aachenBomb

I1 Better

I1 Worse

計算時間の比(Aシステム，intel vs gnu)

twoPhaseEulerFoam/laminar/bubbleColumnIATE 0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2

reactin

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oam

/ras/co

unte

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reactin

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imple

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/ras/ca

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rhoP

imple

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/ras/m

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esse

l2D

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imple

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/angle

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uct

rhoP

oro

usS

imple

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/angle

dD

uctE

xplicit

rhoP

oro

usS

imple

Foam

/angle

dD

uctIm

plicit

rhoS

imple

Foam

/angle

dD

uctE

xplicitF

ixedC

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imple

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/square

Bend

settlin

gF

oam

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ahl

settlin

gF

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shallo

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ate

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/square

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p

simple

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/airF

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simple

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/mixe

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l2D

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Foam

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yclic

simple

Foam

/pitzD

aily

simple

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/pitzD

ailyE

xptIn

let

simple

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/turb

ineS

iting

simple

Reactin

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/vertica

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solid

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teH

ole

solid

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sonicF

oam

/lam

inar/fo

rward

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p

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oam

/lam

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ockT

ube

sonicF

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ssionT

ank

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ssionT

ankF

ine

spra

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enB

om

b

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uid

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gF

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/lockE

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twoP

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rFoam

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twoP

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twoP

hase

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rFoam

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twoP

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rFoam

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mnIA

TE

twoP

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rFoam

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dB

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twoP

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rFoam

/lam

inar/m

ixerV

esse

l2D

CP

U t

ime

ra

tio

FOCUS A system (Intel Xeon L5640, 2.26GHz)

G2/I1, average:1.038

OpenCAE Local Workshop@Kansai 20th Sep 2014 Masashi Imano (OCAEL Co. Ltd.)20

まとめ

✓intelコンパイラの最適化オプションとして-axAVX,SSE4.2を用いることで，DシステムではAVXが有効，AシステムではSSE4.2が自動的に有効になるバイナリができる．

✓-axAVX,SSE4.2オプション版は，-xAVXや-xSSE4.2の版と速度がほぼ同等である．

✓intel版に対するgnu版の計算時間の比の平均は，Dシステムで約1.07，Aシステムで約1.04であり，平均するとgnu版の速度低下は10%以下である．ただし，gnu版のほうが40%以上遅いケースがA，D両システムとも5ケースあった．