“Open Systems – Open Source” Pennsylvania Digital...
Transcript of “Open Systems – Open Source” Pennsylvania Digital...
“Open Systems – Open Source”
Pennsylvania Digital Government Summit
June 16, 2008
John Punzak
Director, S&L/Education
Open Source Methods Spreading
Wikipedia will soon be 12 times larger than Britannica, equal in quality
A new blog is created every second (Tapscott, 2/07) Amount of FLOSS used in EU represents 131,000 real
personyears of effort and a value of 12 billion Euro (United Nations University – MERIT)
375,000 new MySpace users every day, will soon reach one billion
The situation
Three boys wanted to email a video clip to friends. They failed.
The idea
So they built an online system for video sharing in two hours.
The domain name was registered on the 2/14/05. The site was open to the public by May, 2005.
The result
It was an instant hit; word of mouth fuelled the initial growth.
Millions around the world share their videos with one another, some creating instant global stars
Google, Inc acquired YouTube for $1.65 billion in 10/06
Your home made movies
The situation
GoldCorp, Inc wanted to increase its mining success rate in an old mine called Red Lake, in Canada
The CEO decided they should share all available companyowned geological data of the mine with everyone on the Internet
They offered $575,000 prize money to the whoever that could use the data to tell them to find at least 6 million ounces of gold
The result
1,400 scientists, engineers, and geologists from 50 countries downloaded the company's data and started their virtual exploration
Goldcorp drilled four of the winners' targets and have hit on all four
The prize winner? Fractal Graphics, a software firm based in Perth – never seen a mine, doesn't understand the gold business
The company shot from US$100 million to US$9 billion in revenue
Gold digging goes open source
Massachusetts Institute of Technology is leading the way
MIT OCW shares free lecture notes, exams, and other resources from more than 1,700 courses spanning MIT's entire curriculum
40 million visits from virtually every country on earth
Education Get IT
“Frustrated that over two decades of research have failed to produce an AIDS vaccine, Microsoft Corporation Chairman Bill Gates is tying his foundation's latest, biggest AIDS-vaccine grants to a radical concept. Those who get the money must first agree to share the results of their work in short order”
- Wall Street Journal, July 26, 2006
Even Bill Gates embraces open source
A. There is no secret. A. There is no secret.
It's out there for everyone to share, understand, and tap into.
The best ideas (and technology) win.
Q: What is the secret to the successes of
these businesses?
What is an Open Standard?
Standards, instructions or “blueprints” that are
created and maintained in an open manner. Using
a democratic approach where no single individual
or company controls the standard. Open standards
provide choice and interoperability between
systems.
A type of open standard software defined by its
collaborative development model, accessibility of code
and distribution models
This is in contrast with proprietary software which is only
available in a binary or “closed” format and typically carries
a license fee
So what is Open Source Software?
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Binary code:
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Open Source code:
#include <stdio.h>
int main (void)
{
printf("hello, world!\n");
return 0;
}
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Returns control.
Security reinforced through transparency.
Multiplies the development capacity.
Wired Magazine, Dec 2004
Bugs per 1000 Lines of Code
Linux 2.6 Kernel 0.17 Stanford University/CoverityProprietary Software 10 to 20 Carnegie Mellon Cylab
Open Source – a better way
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Open Source Vulnerabilities
Linux and RHEL have outstanding security records Red Hat Network providing a fast, scalable,
consistent patch delivery capability During 2005 RHEL had 17 critical flaws in 10 months
– fixed & on RHN for public download within 2 days Much faster than typical the Microsoft fix, which
has no consistent delivery mechanism
Critical 17
Important 132
Moderate 141
Low 93
RHEL4 Vulnerabilities15-Feb-05 - 20-Dec-05
Rating Median fix < 1 dayCritical 0 87%Important 6 34%Moderate 12 26%Low 29 19%All 10 30%
““By 2011, at least 80% of all commercial By 2011, at least 80% of all commercial
software solutions will be based on open software solutions will be based on open
source.”source.”
IGNORING OPEN SOURCE IS NO LONGER AN OPTIONIGNORING OPEN SOURCE IS NO LONGER AN OPTION
“Open source is the biggest change in corporate IT since distributed
computing. It is not a niche, not a fad. Competing against open source is like
tilting at windmills."
- Gartner Open Source Summit, September 2007
Government Adoption Trends
Worldwide, 265 government policy initiatives ranging from pilot projects to preferences (and even mandates) for the use of OSS (Center for Strategic and International Studies – April 2006)
Most OSS policy initiatives are in Europe (47%), Asia (27%), LATAM (15%) followed by N. America (9%)
Local/state level more likely to be approved by council/legislative action
***Data taken from CSIS Study on Government Open Source Policies
Public sector organizations must cut costs in an environment of software upgrades, security issues and piracy
The level of acceptance of open source has been raised
The need to provide increased access for business and people
Like 'transfer systems,' the software can be shared
“ NOBODY IS AS SMART AS EVERYBODY”
Why Governments move to open source
Red Hat develops only open source solutions Linux operating system JBoss javastandard middleware
Pioneered software as a service concept Only market subscriptions
We actively contribute to the major open source projects Seven of the top linux kernel developers are Red Hat employees Largest corporate contributor to linux kernel 40% of employees develop or support open source projects
Red Hat's role in open source
Text book example: RHEL5 Linux
50,000 packages5,000 packages1,500 packages
Millions of developersThousands of developersHundreds of developers
One fee covers everything:
Software− Red Hat Enterprise Linux or JBoss java middleware
Certifications− Over 3,200 certified applications, over 1,100 certified systems
Upgrades to new versions and maintenance− Red Hat delivers new features, bug fixes and security updates
Enterpriseclass technical support− Up to 24x7 with 1 hour response & unlimited calls
− 100% RHCE staff
Software as a subscription
No risk software development model
Minimal capital required to do a POC
Develop an indigenous industry Higher education Offender management (NCOMS)
Ability to customize the software
Fulfil a commitment to democratizing knowledge
Reduce the cost of IT purchases
How Governments benefit
U.S. Air Force
DISA
Army
Navy
Marine Corp
Coast Guard
NASA
FAA
DHS
NOA
Census Bureau
DOJ
GSA
Energy
PTO
U.S. CourtsHow prevalent is Linux in Government?All cabinet-level departments in the Federal Government and
State and Local governments across all 50 states are running
linux.
U.S. Federal Government OSS users
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City of New York DoITT City of Chicago Penn State University University of Michigan City of Houston Louisiana Health & Human Services City of Philadelphia Los Angeles County State of North Carolina ITS Minnesota Department of Natural Resources California DOJ Johns Hopkins University University of Phoenix Miami-Dade County, FL University of Chicago Massachusetts ITD Wisconsin DET Georgia University System NY State Insurance Dept. MD Anderson
Connecticut DoIT Indiana University Florida EPA NC DPI Minnesota DOT Pennsylvania OIT DeKalb County, GA NC University System Henrico County, VA City of Seattle Purdue University Arizona State University MIT CUNY & SUNY University of Texas Florida Department of Health Carnegie Mellon University Baltimore County, MD Emory University City of Los Angeles
Sampling of 5,000+ users in the U.S.
Background: Large municipal government
Goals: Reduce costs, migrate to flexible platforms
Previous infrastructure: Sun Sparc / Solaris
Solution: Platform: Red Hat on HP / Intel servers Applications: Oracle 9i, Legato, HP MSL Tape Library Services: Red Hat, HP and System Solutions Inc (SSI).
Benefits: 3x performance improvement, lower server acquisition and maintenance costs, increased hardware options
Results: Given the success of their first project, most of the City's database and infrastructure servers have been migrated to Red Hat (60+ to date) http://www.fcw.com/article96236-09-27-06-Web
Case Study: City of Chicago
Background: Central IT agency for the state
Goals: Drive costs down, lower chargeback rates to clients
Previous infrastructure: HP, Sun, IBM Unix servers
Solution: Platform: Red Hat on over 300 servers (HP, Dell, IBM) Applications: Various from many agencies Services: Red Hat training & certification
Benefits: RHEL is the state standard, costs are much lower and now more predictable, staff have enterprise level linux skills
Results: More competitive chargeback rates has allowed them to recapture department clients previously lost
Case Study: North Carolina ITS
Layer By Layer....
Content Management
Business Intelligence
ERP
CRM
Email / Collaboration
Back up & recovery
Systems monitoring
Database
Application Server / SOA / ESB
Gartner's App Server Magic Quadrant
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Other Industry Opinions
Aberdeen Group
Open source portal solutions cost ½ to 1/3 of traditional solutions
Rapid growth in portal segment is traced primarily to the low cost
of entry for open source solutions
Robert Francis Group
Linux is 40% less expensive than Windows for hosting web
applications on the x86 architecture
http://www-03.ibm.com/linux/whitepapers/robertFrancesGroupLinuxTCOAnalysis05.pdf
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Key Drivers:
Simple
Open
Affordable
Service Oriented Architecture benefits:
• Easier integration
• Greater code re-use
• Reduced development costs
• Rapid component reuse
HRFinance
VerticalApps
Can Open Source play in SOA?
JBoss Microkernel
Applications, Web Services, and Business Processes
Multi-Vendor JVM, OS, Platform
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Open source Java Middleware
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Typical Projection:
Assumptions: BEA WebLogic Premium license price = $17,000/CPU; includes 1 year support 30% discount on license price, Annual support & maintenance = 21% of list license price Start with 32 CPUs deployed and add 16 CPUs in years 2 & 3
Open source (no fee) licensing model
JBoss Government Customers
PAOH
VA KY
NC TN
GAAL
FL
CO
NM
TX
OK
KS
AR
MO
WI
IL
IA
SD
MN ND
MEWA
ID
MTOR NY
MI WY
CA
NVNE
UT IN
AZ SC
MSLA
W
V
= Approved as state standard
Background: IT for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts
Goals: Drive down the cost of the application server tier
Previous infrastructure: BEA on HPUX Unix
Solution: Platform: JBoss Application Server, JPortal Applications: Mass.gov state portal site Services: JBoss Services
Benefits: Delivering more performance for 1/3 the costs
Results: Migrated from HPUX Superdome to IBM Blade Server for significant cost savings. Like the 'one vendor solution.'
Case Study: Massachusetts ITD
Background: State Courts
Goals: Drive down the cost of the application server tier
Previous infrastructure: BEA on Unix
Solution: Platform: JBoss Enterprise Middleware Suite (JEMS) Applications: UCS (Court Case Management Systems) Services: Unisys Professional Services
Benefits: Delivering same performance for ¼ of the cost
Results: Have migrated 5 court applications from Weblogic to JBoss Application Server. Standardized on one vendor for entire stack needs.
Case Study: New York State Unified Courts
Red Hat Enterprise Linux
Unix – to – Linux migrations for database servers
Edge of network/firewall roll out on linux
Print & file services
JBoss Middleware
Move JBoss from Dev/Test into production, turn on support
Cost reduction on maintenance of BEA Weblogic or IBM Websphere migrating applications to Jboss
Cost avoidance of BEA or IBM license fees by shifting new java projects to JBoss
Classic “Getting Started” Projects
Stronger negotiating position
Lower IT costs because of competition (Texas HHSC)
Information sharing among government entities (NCOMS)
Interoperability with existing systems (Cal DOJ)
Ability to influence development process
What does OSS java mean for Government?
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Layerbylayer, open source is changing the value equation
Customers have increased leverage & choice
Global FileSystem
Xen Virtualization
Red Hat Enterprise Linux
JBoss ApplicationPlatform
JBoss Portal Platform,JBoss jBPM, Rules
JBoss SOA Platform,MetaMatrix
VeritasStorage Suite
VM Ware
AIX, HP-UX, Solaris
BEA WebLogic,IBM WebSphere
BEA/IBM Portal, BEA BPM, ILOG JRules
BEA AquaLogic, IBM ESB,BEA DataServices,IBM EII
$60,000/CPU
$50,000/CPU
$10,000/CPU
Bundled w/HW
$2,500/host
$4,500/CPU---------------$500,500
$10,000/Server
$3,375/CPU
$1,688/CPU
$2,500/Server
Inc. w/RHEL
Inc. w/RHEL--------------- $32,750
Open Source is Changing IT Economics
<--- 4 CPU Configurations --->
Wikinomics, by Donald Tapscot
The World is Flat, by Thomas Freidman
Cathederal & the Bazaar, by Eric Raymond
Revolution OS (dvd)
Want to learn more?