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Open Source IoT Lab for Educational Institutions August 2019 www.theiet.in/IoTPanel
Open Source IoT Lab for Educational Institutions
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Jagatheeswaran Senthilvelan
Lead - IoT and Robotics Division, Auxo Technology Labs
Ganesh Shankar
Founder and CEO, FluxGen Engineering Technologies
Open Source IoT Lab for Educational Institutions August 2019 www.theiet.in/IoTPanel
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Internet of Things is an emerging topic of technical, social, and economic significance.
Consumer products, durable goods, cars and trucks, industrial and utility components,
sensors, and other everyday objects are being combined with Internet connectivity and
powerful data analytic capabilities that promise to transform the way we work, live, and play.
Projections for the impact of IoT on the Internet and economy are impressive, with some
anticipating as many as 100 billion connected IoT devices and a global economic impact of
more than $11 trillion by 2025.
This white paper is designed to help the educational institutions to set up a basic research
laboratory for IoT Technology which can accommodate 30 students at a time. The Internet of
Things engages a broad set of ideas that are complex and intertwined from different
perspectives. This paper also outlines how an IoT lab can be segmented and how one can
manage the inventory. This paper explains each segment of an IoT Lab with the required
components that helps research work in order to bring new technologies to the market and
make it available to the masses in a short time. It also helps institutions to kick-start and plan
to establish their IoT Lab with a minimal amount of investment.
2. Components of the IoT Lab:
A typical IoT lab should have the following segments / components. It will be easy to manage
the inventory if it is organised in such segmented manner. The segments are:
1. IoT Hardware
a. Sensors and Actuators
b. Development Boards
c. Wireless Modules
d. Test and Measurements Equipment (Electronics)
e. Basic Hardware Tools
2. IoT Platforms and Software
a. Open Source Softwares
b. Open Source IoT Platforms
Open Source IoT Lab for Educational Institutions August 2019 www.theiet.in/IoTPanel
IoT Hardware - Sensors and Actuators:
Sensors
An electronic sensor detects and measures a physical phenomenon, such as
temperature, pressure, force, or acceleration, and provides a corresponding output, usually in
the form of an electronic signal. The basic list of necessary sensors is given below. The list
and quantities can be extended based on development and projects.
S.No. Components Quantity
1 Digital Temperature and Humidity Sensor DHT 22 10
2 BMP 280 - Atmospheric Pressure Sensor 10
3 Soil Moisture Sensor 10
4 LM 35 Temperature Sensor 10
5 Ultrasonic Sensor HC SR-04 10
6 Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) 10
7 PIR Motion Sensor 10
8 TSOP IR Transmitter and Receiver 10
9 IR Transmitter and Receiver 10
10 Microphone (Sound Sensor) 10
11 Joystick Sensor 10
12 Accelerometer and Gyroscope GY521 MPU 6050 10
13 Limit Switches 10
14 Reed Switch 10
15 Rotary Encoder 10
16 Vibration Sensor 10
17 Capacitive Touch Sensor 10
18 Transistor Module 10
19 LDR 10
20 Push Button 10
21 RC 522 RFID Readers 10
22 Water Vapour sensor 10
23 Tilt Sensor 10
Open Source IoT Lab for Educational Institutions August 2019 www.theiet.in/IoTPanel
24 DS 18B20 Contact Temperature sensor module 10
25 Water flow sensor 10
26 Touch sensor 10
27 Fingerprint sensor 10
28 Turbidity sensor 10
29 Load Cell weight sensor 10
30 Gas Sensor MQ 135 10
31 RTC DS1307 10
32 Flex Sensors 10
33 Dust Sensor 10
34 PN532 NFC Reader 10
35 Rpi Camera 5MP 10
Actuators
Actuators convert an electrical signal to the corresponding physical quantity such as
movement, force, sound, display etc. The actuator is a part of any machine which is
responsible for mechanical rotation or controlling. The basic list of necessary actuators is given
below. The list and quantities can be extended based on development and projects.
S.No. Components Quantity
1 I2C OLED Display 10
2 Backlight LED 10
3 4 Channel Relay 10
4 RGB LED 9W 10
5 Solid State Relays 25 A 10
6 Arduino Speaker 10
7 RPi Touch Display 3.5' 10
8 E-Ink Display 2.7' 10
9 Buzzer module 10
10 LED 10
11 9W LED 10
12 12V DC Geared Motor 550RPM 10
Open Source IoT Lab for Educational Institutions August 2019 www.theiet.in/IoTPanel
IoT Hardware - Development Boards
The development boards are off the shelf boards that can be programmed with a development
platform. It enables quick-and-easy product prototyping. It can interact with realworld sensors,
control motors, display information, and perform near-instantaneous calculations. It enables
anyone to create unique projects. The basic list of necessary development boards is given
below. The list and quantities can be extended based on development and projects.
S.No. Components Quantity
1 Arduino Uno 5
2 Arduino Mega 5
3 ESP 8266 WiFi Development Board 5
4 ESP32 WiFi+BLE Development Board 5
5 Raspberry Pi Zero W (Mini Computer) 5
6 Raspberry Pi 3B+ (Mini Computer) 5
7 MSP 430 Launch Pad board 5
8 STM32F4 Nucleo Board 5
9 ARM Development Board 5
10 PIC Development Board 5
11 Nvidia Jetson Mini (Mini Computer) 5
12 Esplora Arduino Development Board 5
13 Arduino MKR WiFi Development Board 5
14 Arduino Nano Development Board 5
13 LCD Display 16*2 10
14 Coin Vibration Motor 10
15 Solenoid Valve 230V AC 10
16 Small DC Motor 10
17 7 Segment Display 10
18 Stepper Motor 5V with Driver 10
19 Micro Servo Motor 9g 10
20 Buzzer module 10
Open Source IoT Lab for Educational Institutions August 2019 www.theiet.in/IoTPanel
IoT Hardware - Wireless Modules:
A Wireless module (radio frequency module) is usually a small electronic device used to
transmit and/or receive radio signals between two devices. In an IoT system, it is often
desirable to communicate with another device wirelessly. The basic list of necessary Wireless
Modules is given below. The list and quantities can be extended based on development and
projects.
S.No. Components Quantity
1 ZigBee XBee S2C Pro with Development Board 10
2 LoraWAN Module SX1278 with Development Board 10
3 Bluetooth Module HC - 05 10
4 Bluetooth Low Energy Module HM - 10 BLE4.0 10
5 NRF 2.4Ghz Module 10
6 GSM 2G/GPRS Module 10
7 NFC Reader and Modules 10
8 RFID Reader and Modules 10
9 GPS Module 10
10 Z Wave RF Modules 10
11 RF transmitter and receiver 433 MHZ 10
12 HC - 12 Long Range RF Module 10
IoT Lab - Design, Test and Measurement Equipment:
Test and measurement equipment underpins the product design process, enabling engineers
to verify their design is working in the way they want. These are also essential to find out where
the problems are. The basic list of necessary Test and Measurement Equipment is given below.
The list and quantities can be extended based on development and projects.
S.No. Components Quantity
1 Fluke 117 Multimeter 2
2 Fluke 101 Multimeter 2
3 Dual Supply RPS (0 - 30V) 2
4 Oscilloscope 2
5 Soldering Station 2
Open Source IoT Lab for Educational Institutions August 2019 www.theiet.in/IoTPanel
6 Hot Glue Gun 2
7 Signal Generator 2
IoT Platforms and Software - Open Source Softwares:
Electrical CAD design tools:
Electrical CAD software can automate all design tasks and facilitate drafting productivity. You
can easily create electrical and electronic diagrams, schematics, control circuit diagrams, and
documentation. It would be as easy as placing electrical symbols and attaching the wires.
Based on our experience we have selected two of the best open-source Electrical CAD design
tools exclusively for College Students to get hands-on experience on the same.
KiCad
KiCad is a free software suite for electronic design automation. It facilitates the design
of schematics for electronic circuits and their conversion to PCB designs. KiCad was
originally developed by Jean-Pierre Charras. It features an integrated environment for
schematic capture and PCB layout design.
Fritzing
Fritzing is an open-source initiative to develop amateur or hobby CAD software for the
design of electronics hardware, to support designers and artists ready to move from
experimenting with a prototype to building a more permanent circuit. It was developed
at the University of Applied Sciences Potsdam.
Electronic Circuit Simulator Softwares:
Electronic circuit simulation uses mathematical models to replicate the behaviour of an actual
electronic device or circuit. Simulation software allows for modelling of circuit operation and is
an invaluable analysis tool. Electronics simulation software engages the user by integrating
him or her into the learning experience. These kinds of interactions actively engage learners
to analyze, organize, and evaluate the content and result in learners constructing their
knowledge. Two of those best open-source simulation software are:
QUCS
Quite Universal Circuit Simulator is a free-software electronics circuit simulator
software released under GPL. It gives you the ability to set up a circuit with a graphical
Open Source IoT Lab for Educational Institutions August 2019 www.theiet.in/IoTPanel
user interface and simulate the large-signal, small-signal and noise behaviour of the
circuit.
TinkerCAD - Circuits
TinkerCAD - Circuits is an online platform created by Autodesk for hardware hackers.
It provides a browser-based application for designing, simulating electronic circuits and
creating PCB boards. Autodesk circuits simulator can simulate Arduino-based projects
for testing designs and programs before creating them in real life.
Analytics and Numerical Computing Softwares:
Analytical and Numerical Computation is the area of mathematics and computer science that
creates, analyses, and implements algorithms for obtaining numerical solutions to problems
involving continuous variables. Such problems arise throughout the natural sciences, social
sciences, engineering, medicine, and business. Software to implement common numerical
analysis procedures must be reliable, accurate, and efficient. Moreover, it must be written to
be easily portable between different computer systems. Such two best open-source software
are given below:
Scilab
Scilab is another open-source option for numerical computing which runs across all of
the major platforms: Windows, Mac, and Linux included. Scilab perhaps the best-
known alternative outside of Octave, and like Octave, it is very similar to MATLAB in
its implementation, although exact compatibility is not a goal of the project's
developers.
GNU Octave
GNU Octave may be the best-known alternatives to MATLAB. In active development
for almost three decades, Octave runs on Windows, Mac, and Linux alike, and is
packaged for most major distributions. If you're looking for a project that is as close to
the actual MATLAB language as possible, Octave may be a good fit for you; it strives
for exact compatibility, so many of your projects developed for MATLAB may run in
Octave with no modification necessary.
Mechanical Design CAD/CAM Tools:
CAD/CAM stands for computer-aided design & computer-aided manufacturing. CAD/CAM
software is used to design and manufacture prototypes, finished products and production run.
Best of such two free software for students are given below:
Open Source IoT Lab for Educational Institutions August 2019 www.theiet.in/IoTPanel
Auto Desk Fusion 360
Fusion 360 is the first 3D CAD, CAM, and CAE tool of its kind that connects your entire
product development process in a single cloud-based platform that works on PC, Mac,
and mobile devices. Fusion 360 offers free use to qualifying hobbyist makers through
a simple 3-step activation process.
Auto Desk Inventor
Autodesk Inventor is a 3D mechanical solid modelling design software developed by
Autodesk to create 3D digital prototypes. It is used for 3D mechanical design, design
communication, tooling creation and product simulation. This software enables users
to produce accurate 3D models to aid in designing, visualizing and simulating products
before they are built.
IoT Platforms and Software - Open Source IoT Platforms:
IoT platforms are regarded as the most critical component of the IoT ecosystem. Any IoT
device has to connect to other IoT devices and applications (mostly cloud-based) to transfer
information using standard Internet protocols. The gap between the device sensors and data
networks is filled by IoT platforms. IoT platforms connect the data to the sensor arrangement
and provide insights using back-end applications to make sense of the plethora of data
generated by the countless sensors. Let’s now look at the IoT platforms that fulfil all the above
requirements and are the best in the business.
ThingsBoard.io
ThingsBoard is an open-source IoT platform for data collection, processing,
visualization, and device management. It enables device connectivity via industry
standard IoT protocols - MQTT, CoAP and HTTP and supports both cloud and on-
premises deployments.
Adafruit.io
Adafruit.io is a cloud service - that just means we run it for you and you don't have to
manage it. You can connect to it over the Internet. It's meant primarily for storing and
then retrieving data but it can do a lot more than just that!
Open Source IoT Lab for Educational Institutions August 2019 www.theiet.in/IoTPanel
Firebase Cloud
Firebase Cloud is a cross-platform cloud solution for messages and notifications for
Android, iOS, and web applications, which currently can be used at no cost. The
service is provided by Firebase, a subsidiary of Google.
Thinger.io
Thinger.io platform is an Open Source platform for the Internet of Things, it provides a
ready to use scalable cloud infrastructure for connecting things. Makers and
companies can start controlling their devices from the internet in minutes, without
worrying about the required cloud infrastructure.
Ubidots
Ubidots offers a platform for developers that enables them to easily capture sensor
data and turn it into useful information. Connect, Develop, and Deploy IoT Applications
with Ubidots Intuitive IoT Development Platform.
Conclusion
Imagine a world where everything has gone smart and people want real-world quick
solutions to every problem. They don’t have the time even to cook the food they need to stay
alive. In a hurry to the office early morning, a person forgets to switch off his Air Conditioner
at home. In another scenario, he wants the water heater to get switched on before he arrives
at home. There are similar examples of home automation and industrial automation where
the dependency on machines and self-decision capability has been seen in several cases.
Another one for your reference is that you get an illness attack while work or at a gym, what
would you like to have in that situation? An emergency call to the nearest ambulance. Right?
Exactly. If you would be wearing a health monitoring device which keeps on calculating your
health checks and is IoT enabled too, it will continuously record your health data and will
keep it in the records. And if the network is well connected to the nearby hospital or
ambulance, it will trigger an alarm and will send the data to the nearest ambulance for a call
at the location of your device which is again connected with GPS and internet. Sounds
Good? Yeah. This is the power of IoT enabled devices and data network. Now the question
arises why do we need an IoT lab? The answer lies in the discussion above. Engineers,
students, hobbyists, professionals, freelancers are working on these technologies all across
the globe and companies are investing billions of dollars to harness this technology. To
manufacture or invent a whole new technology and related technologies we need
infrastructure and skilled human resources who have the knowledge to work on the devices,
Open Source IoT Lab for Educational Institutions August 2019 www.theiet.in/IoTPanel
software, communication networks and controlling mechanisms. So don’t waste your time
and invest today in your Internet of Things (IoT) Lab.
To make all the research work
happen in order to bring new
technologies to the market
and make it available to the
masses in less time and low-
cost solutions companies and
institutions are investing
heavily to be a part of this
technology and the race to
conquer the world has already
been started.
Open Source IoT Lab for Educational Institutions August 2019 www.theiet.in/IoTPanel
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The IET is one of the world’s largest engineering
institutions with over 168,000 members in 150
countries. It is also the most multidisciplinary – to
reflect the increasingly diverse nature of
engineering in the 21st century.
The IET is working to engineer a better world by
inspiring, informing and influencing our members,
engineers and technicians. The Institution of
Engineering and Technology – India, the IET office
started operations in India in 2006, in Bangalore.
Today, we have over 12,000 members and have
the largest membership base for the IET outside of
the UK. Given the increasing global importance of
India as an engineering hub our aim is to make an
impact that has relevance both locally and
internationally. We want to do this through working
in partnership with industry, academia and
government, focusing on the application of practical
skills within both learning & career lifecycles, driving
innovation and thought leadership through high
impact sectors. Our volunteer led panels are means
through which we deliver our strategy. The IET
India IoT Panel was born out of this focus.
IET India launched its IoT panel on February 20,
2015 with Dr Rishi Bhatnagar (President – Aeris
Communication) as the Chairperson. The panel,
being a first of its kind in India, focuses not only on
technology but the application aspect of IoT in
various segments.
The focus of the panel is to facilitate discussions
that will help in making the inevitable connected
world more efficient, smart, innovative and safe. It
will lay emphasis on technology, security and
regulatory concerns and the need for nurturing
capabilities and talent for quicker adoption of IoT in
all spheres.
The IET India IoT Panel aims at providing a
platform for stakeholders to become an
authoritative, but neutral voice for the evolving
movement of IoT in India. It aims to enable all the
IoT practitioners (including people from the
hardware – devices, portables, sensors, software,
business) and IoT enablers (including people from
regulatory area, training area, investors in IoT, end
users) to work together on relevant areas to make
this industry efficient as well as robust. The panel
envisions laying a solid foundation by supporting
policy makers, industry in the next step of adoption
of IoT.
The panel works through 12 Working Groups -
Healthcare, Social Impact, Digital Communications,
Smart Cities, Skill Development, Standards,
Regulatory and Legal, Cyber Security, Utilities,
Manufacturing, Ganga Rejuvenation, BFSI and
Agriculture.
If you are interested in volunteering for the IET or
joining one of our panels, please write to us at
https://www.linkedin.com/company/ietindia/