Open Library Data and Embrace the World – Library Linked...
Transcript of Open Library Data and Embrace the World – Library Linked...
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Open Library Data and Embrace the World – Library Linked Data
Hao-Ren Ke (Claven)University Librarian,
National Taiwan Normal [email protected]
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Outline
Overview about Semantic Web and Linked DataLinked Data Life CycleCase Study 1: Linked Data in National Central LibraryCase Study 2: Movie Linked DataCase 3: Linked OPAC (brief)Conclusion and Future Plan
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OVERVIEW ABOUT SEMANTIC WEB AND LINKED DATA
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Semantic Web
Semantic Web (SW) – a web of data that can be processed directly or indirectly by machinesThe Semantic Web describes the propertiesof things (resources) and relationshipsbetween things
The Beatles was a popular band from Liverpool. John Lennon was a member of the Beatles.
Data exchange, interoperation, reuse
Berners-Lee, T. (2000). Weaving the Web: The original design and ultimate destiny of the World Wide Web. Harper Business, 1st edition. 4
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Linked Data and Its Principles
Best practice for realizing Semantic Web by publishing and interlinking structured data on the WebLinked Data principles
Use URIs as names for thingsUse HTTP URIs, so that a client (machine or human reader) can look up those namesWhen someone looks up a URI, provide useful information, using the standards (RDF, SPARQL)Include links to other URIs, so that they can discover more things
http://linkeddatabook.com/editions/1.0/# 5
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What is RDF?Resource Description Framework
RDF is a language for representing information about Web resources (Ah…metadata)RDF can be used to represent information about things that can be identified on the Web, even when they cannot be directly retrieved on the WebIntended for situations in which information needs to be processed by applications, rather than being only displayed to people. (Ah… Semantic Web…)
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RDF Data Model
A model for describing resources named properties property values
(resource, property, value)
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Example
http://www.example.org/index.html has a creation-date whose value is August 16, 1999http://www.example.org/index.html has a language whose value is English
Objects in RDF statements may be either URIrefs, or constant values (called literals) 8
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Triple Notation
Triple Notation of Example <http://www.example.org/index.html> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/creator><http://www.example.org/staffid/85740> . <http://www.example.org/index.html> <http://www.example.org/terms/creation-date> "August 16, 1999" . <http://www.example.org/index.html> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/language> "en" .
Shorthand Triple Notation – Giving prefix (Namespace)
ex:index.html dc:creator exstaff:85740 . ex:index.html exterms:creation-date "August 16, 1999" . ex:index.html dc:language "en" .
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LOD Data Cloud as of June 2018
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Five Stars of Linked Data
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LINKED DATA LIFE CYCLE
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Linked Data Life Cycle
Villazón-Terrazas, B., Vilches-Blázquez, L. M., Corcho, O., and Gómez-Pérez, A. (2011).Methodological Guidelines for Publishing Government Linked Data. Linking Government Data. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-1767-5_2.
Specification
Modelling
GenerationPublication
Exploitation
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Implementation Plan (As a Publisher)
Define your modelResources, URI, properties, relationships
Select or define your metadata terms(resource properties)Select or define any controlled vocabularies
Each list of terms will be described in an RDF-compatible format (such as SKOS)
Create links from your data (terms) to related data (terms) on the Web (as a consumer)
http://linkeddatabook.com/editions/1.0/# 16
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From Library Record to LOD –Take a record
Field/attribute ValueRecord ID 54321Title Museum archives: an introductionAuthor Wythe, DeborahDate 2004LCSH Museum archivesMedia/GMD ElectronicContent form Text
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From Library Record to LOD –Disaggregate to single statements
Record Attribute Value54321 (has) title Museum archives: an
introduction54321 (has) author Wythe, Deborah54321 (has) date 200454321 (has) LCSH Museum archives54321 (has) media type Electronic54321 (has) content form Text
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From Library Record to LOD –Replace record ID with URI
URI Attribute Valuemlx:54321 (has) title Museum archives: an
introductionmlx:54321 (has) author Wythe, Deborahmlx:54321 (has) date 2004mlx:54321 (has) LCSH Museum archivesmlx:54321 (has) media type Electronicmlx:54321 (has) content form Text
“mlx” = qname (xmlns) = shorthand for “http://MyLibraryX.com/”
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From Library Record to LOD –Replace attributes with URIs
URI URI Valuemlx:54321 isbd:P1014 Museum archives: an
introductionmlx:54321 rdarole:author Wythe, Deborahmlx:54321 isbd:P1018 2004mlx:54321 dct:subject Museum archivesmlx:54321 isbd:P1003 Electronicmlx:54321 isbd:P1001 Text
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From Library Record to LOD –Replace values with URIs
subject predicate objectmlx:54321 isbd:P1014 “Museum archives: an
introduction”mlx:54321 rdarole:author viaf:31899419/#Wythe,+De
borahmlx:54321 isbd:P1018 “2004”mlx:54321 dct:subject lcsh:/sh85088707#concept mlx:54321 isbd:P1003 isbdmt:T1002mlx:54321 isbd:P1001 isbdcf:T1009
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CASE STUDY 1: LINKED DATA IN NATIONAL CENTRAL LIBRARY
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Datasets and Formats
ISO 2709Chinese Name Authority Control(中文人名權威控制): 262,668 recordsList of Chinese Subject Terms(中文主題詞表): 19,317 records
SQL (bulk loading) and EXCEL (incremental)New Classification Scheme For Chinese Libraries, 2007 ed.(中文圖書分類法2007版): 23,500 recordsNational Central Library Online Catalog(國家圖書館館藏書目資料): 0.7 million records (out of 4 million holding data of NCL)
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URI Design
Data source ID Field URIName authority System No. http://catld.ncl.edu.tw/authority/AC{System
No.}
Subject terms Serial No. http://catld.ncl.edu.tw/subject/SH{Serial No.}Classificationscheme
Classification No.
http://catld.ncl.edu.tw/classification/ {Classification No.}
NCL Catalog System No. http://catld.ncl.edu.tw/book/{System No.}
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Metadata Terms –Name Authority
Field MARC SKOS MADS標 目 - 姓 / 名Heading-Personal Name
100$a skos:prefLabel mads:FullNameElement
生 卒 年 , 朝 代Datesassociated witha name
100$d mads:DateNameElement
學科領域100$c -Titles and otherwordsassociated witha name372 $a- Field ofActivity
100$c skos:scopeNote mads:TermsOfAddressNameElement
性別Gender 375$a mads:gender
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Metadata Terms –Name Authority (Cont.)
Field MARC SKOS MADS變 異 標 目 - 姓 / 名See From Tracing-Personal Name
400$a skos:altLabel mads:hasVariantmads: PersonalName
連 接 / 參 見 標 目700 - EstablishedHeading LinkingEntry-PersonalName500 - See AlsoFrom Tracing-Personal Name
700/500$a
skos:related mads:hasRelatedAuthoritymads:PersonalName
學 歷 / 勛 獎373 - AssociatedGroup
373$a mads:has Affiliationmads:Affiliation
參考資料 /館藏資料670 - Source DataFound (R)
670$a mads:hasSourcemads:source
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Metadata Terms –Subject Terms
Field SKOS MADS主要標目Subject terms
skos:prefLabel mads: authoritativeLabel
原文English Subject terms
skos:altLabel mads:hasVariantmads:variantLabel
參考類號Reference Classification scheme
skos:notation
參見Relatated term (see also)
skos:related mads:hasRelatedAuthority
用use (see)
skos:prefLabel mads: authoritativeLabel
不用used for (see from)
skos:altLabel mads:hasVariantmads:variantLabel
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Metadata Terms – New Classification Scheme
Field skos mads類號Classification scheme
skos:notation mads:code
類目Class entry
skos:prefLabel mads:authoritativeLabel
原文English class entry
skos:altLabel mads:hasVariantmads:variantLabel
上層類目Upper class entry
skos:broader mads:hasBroaderAuthroity
下層類目Lower class entry
skos:narrower mads:hasNarrowerAuthority
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Metadata Terms – NCL Catalog
Field bibo dc書名Title dcterms:title dc:titleISBN bibo:isbn dc:identifier作者Author bibo:authorList dc:creator出版者Publisher dcterms:publisher dc:publisher分類號Classification Scheme
skos:notation skos:notation
標題Subject terms dcterms:subject dc:subject
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NCL Linked Data Service –Home Page
A user can search New Classification Scheme, Subject Terms, and/or Name Authority Control
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NCL Linked Data Service –Result List (Subject Terms)
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NCL Linked Data Service –Subject Term
Term Description
Download
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NCL Linked Data Service –Classification Scheme
Download
BroaderCurrent
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NCL Linked Data Service –MADS RDF/XML
(Name Authority Control)
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NCL Linked Data Service –Catalog (Result List)
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NCL Linked Data Service –Bibliographic Information
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CASE STUDY 2 –MOVIE LINKED DATA
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Overview
Demo how to act as an linked data consumer by integrating information from several linked-data producers, including DBpedia, LinkedMDB, DBtune, and British LibraryThe system is established by DrupalEvaluated by System Usability Scale (SUS) –72
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Data Sets
Local DB – content from IMDbFilms, Directors, Actors
Linked Data SourcesDbpedia – core of LOD cloudLinkedMDB – complementary movie data Dbtune + MusicBrainz – Movie OST (Original Soundtrack)British Library – bibliographic information
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Movie-Related Metadata Terms in DBpedia
Metadata Terms URIrdfs:label http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#dbpedia-owl:abstract http://dbpedia.org/ontology/abstractdbpedia-owl:director http://dbpedia.org/ontology/directordbpedia-owl:producer http://dbpedia.org/ontology/producerdbpedia-owl:cinematography http://dbpedia.org/ontology/ciematographydbpedia-owl:country http://dbpedia.org/ontology/countrydbpedia-owl:distributor http://dbpedia.org/ontology/distributordbpedia-owl:editing http://dbpedia.org/ontology/editingdbpedia-owl:gross http://dbpedia.org/ontology/grossdbpedia-owl:musicComposer http://dbpedia.org/ontology/musicComposerdbpedia-owl:runtime http://dbpedia.org/ontology/runtimedbpedia-owl:starring http://dbpedia.org/ontology/starringdbpedia-owl:thumbnail http://dbpedia.org/ontology/thumbnaildbpedia-owl:wikiPageID http://dbpedia.org/ontology/wikiPageIDdbpedia-owl:writer http://dbpedia.org/ontology/writerrdf:type http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rdfs:comment http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#foaf:name http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/foaf:primaryTopic http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ 40
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Metadata Terms in LinkedMDBMetadata Terms URI
rdfs:label http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#dc:title http://purl.org/dc/terms/titledc:date http://purl.org/dc/terms/datemovie:actor http://data.linkedmdb.org/resource/movie/actormovie:cinematographer http://data.linkedmdb.org/resource/movie/cinematogra
phermovie:director http://data.linkedmdb.org/resource/movie/directormovie:editor http://data.linkedmdb.org/resource/movie/editormovie:film_cut http://data.linkedmdb.org/resource/movie/film_cutmovie:film_of_distributor http://data.linkedmdb.org/resource/movie/film_of_distri
butormovie:filmid http://data.linkedmdb.org/resource/movie/filmidmovie:initial_release_date http://data.linkedmdb.org/resource/movie/initial_releas
e_datemovie:music_contributor http://data.linkedmdb.org/resource/movie/music_contri
butorfoaf:made http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/madefoaf:page http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/page 41
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Metadata Terms in DBtune
Metedata Terms URIrdfs:label http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#dc:title http://purl.org/dc/terms/datemo:amazon_asin http://purl.org/ontology/mo/amazon_asinmo:musicbrainz http://purl.org/ontology/mo/musicbrainzmo:image http://purl.org/ontology/mo/image
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URI Design
Node URIFilm http://140.122.104.69:8080/movie/{contenttype}/{moviename}Director http://140.122.104.69:8080/movie/{contenttype}/{directorname}Actor http://140.122.104.69:8080/movie/{contenttype}/{actorname}
http://140.122.104.69:8080/movie/film/Guardians_of_the_Galaxyhttp://140.122.104.69:8080/movie/director/James_Gunnhttp://140.122.104.69:8080/movie/actor/Chris_Pratt
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Mapping between Drupal Fields and Metadata Terms
Content Type Field Metadata Terms
Film
field_f_title rdfs:labelfield_f_director dbpedia-owl:directorfield_f_starring dbpedia-owl:starringfield_f_country dbpedia-owl:countryfield_f_language dbpedia-owl:languagefield_f_genre dbpedia-owl:genre
Director field_d_title rdfs:labelActor field_a_title rdfs:label
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Link Film/Director Fields with Other Data Sources
Field Metadata Terms Data Sourcefield_f_abstract dbpedia-owl:abstract DBpediafield_f_homepage dbpedia-owl:homepage DBpediafield_f_runtime movie:runtime LinkedMDBfield_f_release_date movie:release_date LinkedMDBfield_f_pages foaf:page LinkedMDBfield_f_book dc:title British Library
field_f_isbn bibo:isbn10bibo:isbn13
British LibraryBritish Library
field_f_amazon mo:amazon_asin DBtunefield_f_musicbrainz mo:musicbrainz DBtunefield_f_picture dbpedia-owl:thumbnail DBpediafield_d_birthdate dbpedia-owl:birthDate DBpediafield_d_birthplace dbpedia-owl:birthPlace DBpediafield_d_nationality dbpedia-owl:nationality DBpediafield_d_residence dbpedia-owl: residence DBpediafield_d_abstract dbpedia-owl:abstract DBpediafield_d_picture dbpedia-owl:thumbnail DBpedia
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SPARQL Query for Movie Data# DBpedia dataset!PREFIX rdf:<http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>PREFIX dbpedia-owl:<http://dbpedia.org/ontology/>
SELECTDISTINCT ?dbp ?d_homepage ?d_title ?d_abstract ?d_imageWHERE {?dbp rdf:type dbpedia-owl:Film;rdfs:label"{name}"; rdfs:label?d_title.OPTIONAL {?dbp foaf:homepage ?d_homepage}OPTIONAL {?dbp dbpedia-owl:abstract ?d_abstract}OPTIONAL {?dbp dbpedia-owl:thumbnail ?d_image}} # LinkedMDB dataset!PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>PREFIX movie: <http://data.linkedmdb.org/resource/movie/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?linkedmdb ?mdb_title ? mdb_release_date ?mdb_runtimeWHERE {?linkedmdb rdfs:label "{name}"; rdfs:label mdb_title;OPTIONAL {?linkedmdbmovie:initial_release_date ? mdb_release_date}OPTIONAL {?linkedmdbmovie:runtime ? mdb _runtime}} 46
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SPARQL EndPoints
Data Sources SPARQL EndpointDBpedia http://dbpedia.org/sparqlLinkedMDB http://data.linkedmdb.org/sparqlBritish Library http://bnb.data.bl.uk/sparqlDBtune http://dbtune.org/musicbrainz/sparql
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Linked Movie Data System
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CASE 3: LINKED OPAC(BRIEF)
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Author Search
VIAF
LOCAL
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LOCALDBpedia
AMAZON
LibraryThing
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Conclusion
ConclusionLinked Data is a set of best practices to realize Semantic WebLinked Data improves the access, discovery, and integration of Web data by using open standardsLinked Data Linked Open Data Big Data
Why is Linked Data important for libraries?People can more easily find library resources on the WebMore creative applications based on library metadataOpportunities for cataloging efficiency and innovation 54
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Future Plan
Future Plan – Data SetsNTNU archives (masters in art, education…)Folkartist digital museums (Cloud Gate, U-Theatre)Manga Linked Data
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