Online Bus Reservation Final

8/22/2019 Online Bus Reservation Final

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ONLINE BUS RESERVATION

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1. ABSTRACT

The system entitled as ONLINE BUS RESERVATION SYSTEM is an

internet based on-line reservation process which enforces the

following features. This Web Application provides facility to reserve

online bus tickets.

It saves time as it allows number of users can Book Tickets at same

time.

Administrator has a privilege to add New Buses,new places,generate

Reports and keep a track on all the users.

User can register, login and book tickets with his specific id, an can

also Cancel and Print Tickets.


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2. SYSTEM ANALYSIS

Existing System

The Current System Is Time Consuming. It is irritating for passengers to book tickets spending a lot of

time standing in queue.

PROPOSED SYSTEM

The online system is easy to use, self-service system whichenables the customer buys tickets and pays the cost through

credit card in online.

In comparison to the present system the proposed system willbe less time consuming and is more efficient

MODULES

Administrator User

1. Administrator Module: This Module is used to maintain user

details and manage the records of the users with their reports.

2. User Module: This Module is used to maintain user details and

manage the daily transactions such Reservation, Cancellation and

Registration for new Users.


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CONTEXT DIAGRAM

1stLEVEL-DFD


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2nd LEVEL-DFD


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SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION (SRS)

FeaturesThe following subsections of the SRS document provide an

overview of the entire SRS.

Scope:The main objective of this project is to provide the better work

efficiency,security, accuracy, reliability, feasibility. The error

occurred could be reduced to nil and working conditions can beimproved.

Benefits:This website reduces the manual work, maintaining accuracy,

increasing efficiency and saving time. For user, it saves time of

going too far away reservation office and also they can view their

status.

FEASIBILITY

ECONOMIC FEASIBILITYIt determines whether the investment needed to implement the

system will be recovered. Economic feasibility concerns returns from

the investments in a project. It determines whether it is worthwhile

to invest the money in the proposed project or whether something

else should be done with it. To carry out economic feasibility study, it

is necessary to place actual money values against any purchases or

activities needed to implement the project.


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OPERATIONAL FEASIBILITYOperational feasibility covers two aspects. One is a technical

performance aspect and the other is acceptance within the

organization. Technical performance include issues such as

determining whether the system can provide the right information

for the organizations personnel, and whether the system can be

organized so that it always delivers this information at the right place

and on time. Acceptance revolves around the current system and its

personnel. Operational feasibility must determine how the proposed

system will fit in with the current operations and what, if any, job

restructuring and retraining may be needed to implement the

system.

TECHNICAL FEASIBILITYSince the processing speed is very high it is technically feasible.

STRUCTURE CHART


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WEB ARCHITECTURE


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3. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

HARDWARE REQUIRMENT:

Processor : 32 BIT, Intel Pentium IV Processor & above

RAM : 1 GB

Hard Disk : 80 GB

Key Board : 108 Keys keyboard

Mouse : 2 or 3 button optical mouse

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT

Development Platform : Windows XP

Front End : Microsoft Visual Studio

2008 (ASP.NET)

Code - Behind Lang : Visual C#

Back End : SQL Server 2005

Server : IIS Server

Scripting Language : Java Script (Client side

Scripting)


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4.DATABASE DESIGN

DATA GATHERING:

The first step toward building a productive data mining program is, of

course, to gather data! Most businesses already perform these data

gathering tasks to some extent -- the key here is to locate the data critical

to your business, refine it and prepare it for the data mining process. A

database is a collection of interrelated data stored with minimum

redundancy to serve many users quickly and effectively. The database

serves as the repository of data, so a well-designed database can lead to a

better program structure and reduce procedural complexity. In a database

environment, common data are available and used by several users.

The process of data gathering for the project entitled Online Bus-Ticket

Reservation involves the following objectives of Data Base Design:

Controlled redundancy. A unique aspect of database is storing data only once,

which controls redundancy and improves system

performance.

Database should be modified without interfering withestablished ways of using the data.

Data independence. Adding new data without to rewrite application programs.


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Books referred for gathering the data:

Sam Series Unleashed ASP.Net ASP.Net Professional Secret SQL Server 2005 Complete Reference

NORMALIZATION

Database normalization is the process of removing redundantdata from the tables to improve storage efficiency, data

integrity, and scalability.

Normalization generally involves splitting existing tables intomultiple ones, which must be re-joined or linked each time a

query is issued.

Normalization can be explain based on table which are asfollows:

1NF (first normal form)

2NF(second normal form)

1NF(FIRST NORMAL FORM)

The only values permitted by 1NF are single atomic values.

1NF shown in our project as follows:

U_EMAIL U_NAME U_PNO U_GENDER U_PWD U_DOB CHKD

U_DOB-> {DATE,MONTH,YEAR}


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2NF (SECOND NORMALFORM)

It is based on the concept of full functional dependency. 2NF in our project is as follows:

C_ID T_NO D_CANCEL B_ID SEAT_NO AMOUNT

SCHEMA DIAGRAM


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DATA DICTONARY:

The datadictionary (or data repository) or system catalog is an

important part of the DBMS. It contains data about data (or

metadata). It means that it contains the actual database descriptions

used by the DBMS. In most DBMSs, the data dictionaryis active and

integrated. It means that the DBMSchecks the data dictionary every

time the database is accessed. The data dictionary contains the

following informations.

ADMIN TABLE:

FIELD NAME DATA TYPE DESCRIPTION

Admin name Varchar(50) Admin login id

Password Varchar(50) Admin login password

BUS DETAILS:

B_id Int Bus id number

B_name Varchar(50) Bus name

B_seat Int Bus seat number

B_depttime Time(7) Bus departure time

B_avltime Time(7) Bus arrival time

B_source Varchar(50) Source place

B_destination Varchar(50) Destination place

B_bp1.bp4 Varchar(50) Boarding points

B_fare Varchar(50) Amount

B_type Varchar(10) Type of the bus

B_tripdays Varchar(70) Trips

Chkd Varchar(5) Checked
http://www.blurtit.com/q351873.htmlhttp://www.blurtit.com/q6281869.htmlhttp://www.blurtit.com/q6281869.htmlhttp://www.blurtit.com/q6281869.htmlhttp://www.blurtit.com/q2772107.htmlhttp://www.blurtit.com/q2772107.htmlhttp://www.blurtit.com/q6281869.htmlhttp://www.blurtit.com/q6281869.htmlhttp://www.blurtit.com/q6281869.htmlhttp://www.blurtit.com/q351873.html


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CANCELLATION:

C_id Int Cancellation id

T_no Varchar(50) Ticket number

D_cancel Datetime Date of cancellation

B_id Int Bus identity number

Seat_no Varchar(5) Seat number

Amount Float Amount to be return

FEEDBACK:

Id Int User id

Name Varchar(50) User name

Email_id Varchar(50) User mail id

Mobile Nvarchar(50) User mobile number

Subject Varchar(50) Feedback subject

Comment Varchar(50) comments

PLACE:

P_id Int Place id number

Name Varchar(50) Place name

PAYMENT:

Id Int User id

U_mail Varchar(50) User email idCard_type Varchar(50) Type of card

Bank Varchar(50) Name of the bank

Card_no Varchar(50) Card expiry date

Cvv Nchar(10) CVV number of the

card

Amount Nvarchar(10) Amount


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RESERVATION:

T_no Varchar(50) Ticket number

U_mail Varchar(50) User email id

Jdate Date Journey date

Jtime Time(7) Journey time

B_id Int Bus identity number

Bpoint Varchar(50) Boarding point

Bookingdate Date Date of booking

Noofpassenger Varchar(50) Number of passenger

to travel

Passenger14 Varchar(50) Passenger up to 4

Gender Varchar(6) Gender

Seat_no Varchar(5) Seat number

Amount Int Amount

Mobile Nvarchar(50) Phone number of the

passenger

Email Varchar(50) Email address

Address Varchar(50) Address of the

passengers

Id_type Varchar(50) Passenger id card type

Id_no Int Id card number

Id_name Varchar(50) Id card name

Chkd Varchar(6) Checked


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USER TABLE:

U_mail Varchar(50) User email id

U_name Varchar(50) User name

U_pno Nvarchar(50) User phone number

U_gernder Varchar(50) Gender

U_pwd Varchar(50) User password

U_dob Varchar(50) User date of birth

Chkd Varcahr(6) Checked

RELATIONSHIP

A relationship in database design is similar to a relationship that parent

and a child has within a family. Relationships imply how entities relate to

each other. With the help of relationships, the records can be associatedwith each other in queries or view definitions. The parent entity has a key

value (primary key) that uniquely identifies a record in one table with any

other tables or entities that are considered children. The child table or

entity has what is called foreign key. This is a column that holds the value

of the parent entity, so that you can join the two entities during the query

process.


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ER-DIAGRAM

U_DOB

USER

U_PNO

U_GENDER

U_PWD

U_EMAIL

U_NAME

BOOKIN-G

RESERVATION

U_MAIL

T_NO

JDATE

JTIME

B_ID

BPOINT

BOOKINGDATE

AMOUNT

PASSENGER,AGE,G

ENDER,SEATNO,

NOOFPASSNGERS

MOBILE,ID

CARD DETAILS

CANCELLATIO

AMOUNT

SEAT_NO

B_IDT_NO

C_ID

D_CANCEL


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TESTING:

Test Plan

Test Planning will be done at the onset of project in project

planning phase. Test plan will outline the types of test to be performed,

resources, tools and responsibilities for test related activities. For unit

testing, the developers themselves are made responsible for the quality of

the module we are developing.

Testing is the process used to help identify the correctness,

completeness, security and quality of developed computer software.

With that in mind, testing can never establish the correctness of arbitrary

computer software to its fullest. In computability theory, a field of

computer science, an elegant mathematical proof concludes that it is

impossible to solve the halting problem, the question of whether an

arbitrary computer program will enter an infinite loop, or halt and

produce output. In other words, testing is criticism or comparison, that

actual value with expected one.

Functional Testing

The objective of this test is to ensure that each element of the

application meets the functional requirements of the business as outlined in

the:Requirements CatalogueBusiness Design SpecificationFunctional Requirement Specification DocumentGUI standards; valid, invalid and limit data input; screen & field look and

appearance, and overall consistency with the rest of the application will be

tested according to the agreed Client interface.


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The next step includes specific Functional testing these are low-level

tests, which aim to test the individual processes and data flows.

Unit Testing

This test shall prove that each and every Modules of Real Estate

Portal using Google Map comply with each other correctly and that there

are no gaps in the data flow. And each module is able to fetch the proper

data from the database as per as the requirements.

Integration Testing

This test shall prove that all the Modules of Real Estate Portalusing Google Map complies with each other correctly and that there are no

gaps in the data flow. Final Integration Test shall prove that system works

as integrated unit when all the fixes are complete.

Risk Involved during Integration Test

During Integration Test the main risk is that if the

integration between one or more module is not possible then there

is possibility of displaying wrong information as well as the web

application will go to the debug mode, So it need to test each and

every module iteratively and Integrate each module to another to

avoid the conflict.

Regression Testing

The main objective of regression testing is to uncover error if any

that occurred after applying new changes to the current system. As we

have gone for the prototyping strategy, the development was highly

iterative and after iterations, regression test was to be performed for

uncovering new errors occurring after new patches.


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Performance Testing

Looking at the criticality of the application and constraints

imposed by the technology it is very difficult to test the entire system.

Performance testing can be done by using following strategies:

Testing Strategies followed during the Testing

Functional Specifications Requirements Document is thoroughly

reviewed for completeness and correctness with respect to Requirements

coverage. This help to identify each and every requirement of the Client

according to the Functionality aspects of the system.

The following activities are involved:-

Study of Design specification and Review for Requirementcoverage.

Testing for the existence and use of standards in namingvarious objects of the application.

Review the design of system components and theirintegration to give business solution.

Existence and correct implementation of constraints toenforce business rules.

Identification of units of application for testing. Creation and maintenance of test environment that is not a

part of system.

Setting up guidelines for testing each application unit. Preparation of checklists and test case specifications for

units subject to testing.

Conducting string testing. Test Items List


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Design Specification

The Study of design documents for completeness and Correctness

of program specifications with respect to requirement Coverage. This help

to identify each and every requirement of the Client according to the

Design aspects of the system.

Client Interface

Check visual aspects of the Each and Every Page. Check each and every field is place in the proper position. Check for Edit style of the in respect to the proper font

and visual.

Check for appropriate format mask. Check the field width at Client interface level with that at

the data base level.

Check for the data-type mismatch and truncation. Check the Client Interface level in terms of the Data base

level whether the data

Coming is place in the proper position and all the contentis displayed.

Code Review

Complete and proper implementation of design. Use of the Object Oriented features during the coding. Use of standard naming conventions. Variable and parameter declarations. Initialization & resetting of variables. Checking for code optimization. Comments and indentation.


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Integration & System Testing

The units within a module are tested to ensure that they work intandem. Data flow among the units involved and the

performance are tested.

Check for the correct navigation order. Ensure the modules within the system function as per the Client

requirements at high performance standards.

Check for the Client friendliness in the system.


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SCREEN SHOT

HOME PAGE

SEARCH BUS


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SEAT BOOKING

CREATING ACCOUNT

Bibliography


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Books referred for gathering the data:

Sam Series Unleashed ASP.Net ASP.Net Professional Secret SQL Server 2005 complete reference

Websites referred for gathering the data:

Via


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APPENDIX

ASP. NET

ASP.NETis a part of the .NET Framework, a new computing

platform from Microsoft optimized for creating applications that are

highly distributed across the Internet. Highly distributed means of the

components of the application, as well as the data, may reside anywhere

on the Internet rather than all being contained inside one software

program somewhere. Each part of an application can be referenced and

accessed using a standard procedure ASP.NET is the part that provides

the features necessary to easily tie all this capability together for coherent

web-based applications. It is a programming framework, and one of the

primary differences between it and traditional ASP is that it uses a

Common Language Runtime (CLR) capable of running compiled code on

a web server to deploy powerful wed-based applications.

ASP.NET still use HTTP to communicate to the browser and

back, but it brings added functionality that makes the communication

process much richer. If any files have the appropriate extension or contain

code, the server routes those files to ASP.NET for processing prior to

sending them out to the client. The script or code is then processed and

the appropriate content is generated for transmission back to the

browser/client. Because processing takes place before the results are

delivered to the user, all manner of functionality can be built-in such as

database access, component usage and the ordinary programmatic

functionality available with scripting languages.


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ASP.NET applications can be coded using a plain text edited such

as notepad, although this not the most efficient method to use.

Developing of all the other resources that might be required for a

particular ASP.NET

Application, especially for the user interface, may involve range of

specialized tools including image-editing programs, database programs

and HTML editors.

1. ASP.NET also enables you to separate HTML design fromthe data retrieval mechanism. Therefore changing the HTML

deign does not affect the program that retrieve data from the

databases. Similarly, server-side scripting ensures that

changing data sources does not require a change in HTML

documents.

2. ASP.NET has a number of advance features that help youdevelop robust web applications. The advance features of

ASP.NET are based on the .NET Framework.

ASP.NET in .NET Framework

ASP.NET, which is the .NET version of ASP, is built

on Microsoft .NET Framework. Microsoft introduced the .NET

Framework to help developers create globally distributed software with

Internet functionality and interoperability.ASP.NET application include

WEB Forms, configuration files and XML, web service files. Web forms

enable of functionality can be built-in such as database access,

component usage and the ordinary programmatic functionality available

with scripting languages.

ASP.NET applications can be coded using a plain text edited such

as notepad, although this not the most efficient method to use.


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Developing all the other resources that might be required for a particular

ASP.NET

Application, especially for the user interface, may involve range of

specialized tools including image-editing programs, database programs

and HTML editors.

1. ASP.NET also enables you to separate HTML design fromthe data retrieval mechanism. Therefore changing the HTML

deign does not affect the program that retrieve data from the

databases. Similarly, server-side scripting ensures that

changing data sources does not require a change in HTML

documents.

2. ASP.NET has a number of advance features that help youdevelop robust web applications. The advance features of

ASP.NET are based on the .NET Framework.

FEATURES OF ASP.NET

1. Compiled Code - Code written in ASP.NET is compiledand not interpreted. This makes ASP.NET applications faster

to execute than other server- side scripts that are interpreted,

such as scripts written in a previous of ASP.

2. Enriched Tool Support-The ASP.NET Framework isprovided with a rich toolbox and designer in VS.NET IDE

(Visual Studio .NET integrated development environment).

Some of the features of this powerful tool are the

WYSIWTG (What You See Is What You Get) editor, drag-

and-drop server controls and automatic deployment.

3. Power and Flexibility- ASP.NET applications are based onCommon Language Runtime (CLR).


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4. Simplicity - ASP.NET enables you to build user interfacesthat separate application logic from presentation content. In

addition, CLR simplifies application development by using

managed code services, such as automatic reference

counting and garbage collection.

5. Manageability- ASP.NET enables you to manage Webapplication by storing the configuration information in an

XML file. You can open the XML file in the visual Studio

.NET IDE.

6. Scalability- ASP.NET has been designed with scalability inmind. It has features that help improve performance in a

multiprocessor environment.

7. Security- ASP.NET provides a number of options forimplementing security and restricting user access to a web

application. All these options are configured within the

configuration file.

ASP.NET ARCHITECTURE

ASP.NET is based on the fundamental architecture of .NET Framework.

Visual studio provides a uniform way to combine the various features of

this Architecture.


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Architecture is explained form bottom to top in the following discussion.

1. At the bottom of the Architecture is Common Language Runtime.NET Framework common language runtime resides on top of theoperating system services. The common language runtime loads

and executes code that targets the runtime. This code is therefore

called managed code. The runtime gives you, for example, the

ability for cross-language integration.

2. . NET Framework provides a rich set of class libraries. Theseinclude base classes, like networking and input/output classes.

3. ADO.NET is Microsofts ActiveX Data Object (ADO) model forthe .NET Framework. ADO.NET is not simply the migration of the

popular ADO model to the managed environment but a completely

new paradigm for data access and manipulation.

4. The 4th layer of the framework consists of the Windowsapplication model and, in parallel, the Web application model. The

Web application model-in the slide presented as ASP.NET-

includes Web Forms and Web Services. ASP.NET comes with

built-in Web Forms controls, which are responsible for generating

the user interface.

5. One of the obvious themes of .NET is unification andinteroperability between various programming languages. In

order to achieve this; certain rules must be laid and all the

languages must follow these rules. In other words we cannot

have languages running around creating their own extensions

and their own fancy new data types. CLS is the collection of the

rules and constraints that every language (that seeks to achieve

.NET compatibility) must follow.


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6. The CLR and the .NET Frameworks in general, however, aredesigned in such a way that code written in one language can

not only seamlessly be used by another language. Hence

ASP.NET can be programmed in any of the .NET compatible

language whether it is VB.NET, C#, Managed C++ or

JScript.NET.

C#

The C#[4]

programming language (pronounced "C-Sharp") is one

of the most powerful object-oriented programming languages developed

by Microsoft. According to them, "C# is a modern, object-oriented

language that enables programmers to quickly build a wide range of

applications for the new Microsoft .NET platform, which provides tools

and services that fully exploit both computing and communications."

Actually, C# was originally codenamed "Cool" before being released as a

beta in 2000. Microsoft then released different versions of the language

including the latest release of C# 2.0. With each release, the product

shipped with improved features for developing secured and scalable

applications along with high quality documentation and code samples

Some of the notable features of the C# programming language are

namespaces, type-safe variables, multi-dimensional arrays, jagged arrays,

operator overloading, indexers, delegates, versioning, attributes and

overriding. C# also comes with features like "pass by reference" and

"pass by value" for parameters, XML based documentation with special

comment tags, Integration with COM components developed using

Visual Studio 6.0.


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FEATURES OF C#

Pointers are missing in C#.

Unsafe operations such as direct memory manipulation arenot allowed.

In C# there is no usage of ":: or "->" operators.Since its on .NET, it inherits the features of automatic

memory management and garbage collection.

C# has been based according to the current trend and isvery powerful and simple for building interoperable,scalable, robust applications.

C# includes built in support to turn any component into aweb service that can be invoked over the Internet from any

application running on any platform.

C# supports Data Encapsulation, inheritance,polymorphism, interfaces.

In C# we cannot perform unsafe casts like convert double toa Boolean.

C# includes native support for the COM and windows basedapplications.


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SQL Server

SQL Server is an enterprise-scale, industrial strength,

relational database management solution. It contains all the features

expected of high-end DBMS systems, as well as XML support.

INTRODUCTION TO SQL SERVER:

To create a database determines the name of the database, its

owner (the user who creates the database), its size, and the files and filegroups used to store it. Before creating a database, consider that:

Permission to create a database defaults to members of thesysadmin and dbcreator fixed server roles, although

permissions can be granted to other users.

The user who creates the database becomes the owner of thedatabase.

A maximum of 32,767 databases can be created on a server.

The name of the database must follow the rules for identifiers.

Three types of files are used to store a database:

Primary files

These files contain the startup information for the database. The

primary files are also used to store data. Every database has one primary

file.


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Secondary filesThese files hold all the data that does not fit in the primary data file.

Databases do not need secondary data files if the primary file is largeenough to hold all the data in the database. Some databases may be large

enough to need multiple secondary data files, or they may use secondary

files on separate disk drives to spread the data across multiple disks.

Transaction log

These files hold the log information used to recover the database.There must be at least one transaction log file for each database, although

theremay be more than one. The minimum size for a log file is 512

kilobytes (KB).

It is recommended that you specify a maximum size to which the file

is permitted to grow. This prevents the file from growing, as data is

added, until disk space is exhausted. To specify a maximum size for the

file, use the MAXSIZE parameter of the CREATE DATABASE

statement or the Restrictfile growth (MB) option when using

the Properties dialog box in SQL Server Enterprise Manager to create the

database.


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CREATING DATABASE PLAN:

The first step in creating a database is creating a plan that serves

both as a guide to be used when implementing the database and as afunctional specification for the database after it has been implemented.

The complexity and detail of a database design is dictated by the

complexity and size of the database application as well as the user

population.

The nature and complexity of a database application, as well as

the process of planning it, can vary greatly. A database can be relatively

simple and designed for use by a single person, or it can be large and

complex and designed, for example, to handle all the banking transactions

for hundreds of thousands of clients. In the first case, the database design

may be little more than a few notes on some scratch paper. In the latter

case, the design may be a formal document with hundreds of pages that

contain every possible detail about the database.

In planning the database, regardless of its size and complexity, use

these basic steps:

1. Gather information.

2. Identify the objects.

3. Model the objects.

4. Identify the types of information for each object.

5 Identify the relationships between objects

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