• one occipital bone– foramen magnum

• two parietal bones

• one frontal bone– frontal sinuses

Focus: The Individual Bones of the Skull Cranial Bones

• two temporal bones– auditory ossicles

• one sphenoid

• one ethmoid

Figure 7.4 The Sectional Anatomy of the Skull

Figure 7.4a

Figure 7.4 The Sectional Anatomy of the Skull

Figure 7.4b

Chapter 7, part 2

The Axial Skeleton

Figure 7.5 The Occipital and Parietal Bones

Figure 7.5

Figure 7.6 The Frontal Bone

Figure 7.6

Figure 7.7 The Temporal Bones

Figure 7.7

Figure 7.9 The Ethmoid

Figure 7.9

• Maxillary bones

• Mandible

• Palatine bones

• Nasal bones

• Vomer

Facial bones

• Inferior nasal conchae

• Zygomatic bones

• Lacrimal bones

• Hyoid

• Largest facial bones

• Form the upper jaw and most of the hard palate

Maxillae

Figure 7.10 The Maxillary and Palatine Bones

Figure 7.10

• Palatine bones– Small “L” shaped bones– Form the posterior hard palate and floor of the nasal

cavity

• Nasal bones– Superior border of external nares

Palatine and Nasal Bones

• Vomer– Inferior portion of the nasal septum

• Zygomatic bone– Temporal process articulates with zygomatic process

of temporal bone

• Lacrimal bones– Smallest bones of the face– Sit medially in orbit

Vomer, Zygomatic and Lacrimal bones

Figure 7.11 The Smaller Bones of the Face

Figure 7.11

• Mandible– Bone of the lower jaw

• Hyoid– Suspended by stylohyoid ligaments– Supports the larynx

Mandible and Hyoid bones

Figure 7.12 The Mandible and Hyoid Bones

Figure 7.12a

Figure 7.12 The Mandible and Hyoid Bones

Figure 7.12b, c

• Seven bones in the orbital complex

• Nasal complex = bones that enclose the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses

The orbital and nasal complexes