On the road to a sustainable mobility · On the road to a sustainable mobility Eco-Mobility 2025...
Transcript of On the road to a sustainable mobility · On the road to a sustainable mobility Eco-Mobility 2025...
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On the road to a
sustainable mobility
Eco-Mobility 2025 plus
Vienna, 10.11.2015
Andy Fuchs
Toyota Motor Europe – Berlin Office
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“ Stone Age did not end due to a lack of
stones….”
Technological innovation and new
ideas changed our societies and our
lifes.
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August 1888
Quelle: Daimler AG
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- Increase in number
of vehicles Increase in traffic accidents
Increase in CO2 emissions
Air pollution (NOX/PM/Ozone)
Growth of global
industry and technology
in the 20th century
Surge in fossil
fuel consumption
- Population growth
Concern over future oil supply
Environmental /
Energy issues
Issues surrounding vehicle use
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Air Quality – A global challenge
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Toyota’s vision
of a sustainable
mobility
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Toyota’s environmental principles
Embracing
diverse energy
sources
Developing
efficient, low-
emission
vehicles
Driving real and
positive change
by popularizing
these vehicles
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Toyotas Vision zukünftiger Mobilität
EVs: Kurzstrecke; HVs & PHVs: Hauptnutzung; FCVs: Mittel- und Langstrecke
Short-distance
commuter vehicles
Travel distance
Fuel Electricity Gasoline, diesel, biofuels, CNG, synthetic fuels, etc. Hydrogen
Home delivery
vehicles
EVs
HVs
PHVs
FC buses
FCV
passenger
vehicles
Ve
hic
le s
ize
Passenger cars
Route buses
Personal mobility
EVs
HVs/PHVs
FCVs
Home delivery trucks
Full-size trucks
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Overview of energy sources, fuels and main powertrains
Primary energy
source Fuel Powertrain
Electricity
Hydrogen
Diesel
Conventional
and hybrid
vehicles
EVs
FCVs
PHVs
Natural gas
Gasoline
Biofuels
Gaseous fuels
Synthetic fuels
Oil
Coal
Plants
Uranium
Co
nserv
e
Div
ers
ify
Natural Gas
Hydro, solar, geothermal electricity
generation
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Electricity
Hydrogen
Biofuel
Natural gas
Well-to-wheel CO2
emissions + / ++ / +++ + / ++ / +++ + / ++ / +++ ++
Supply volume +++ +++ + ++
Cruising range + +++ +++ ++
Fueling/charging
time + +++ +++ +++
Dedicated
infrastructure ++ + +++ ++
Internal combustion
engines
Internal combustion
engines EVs
Characteristics of hydrogen versus other alternative fuels
+: Poor ++: Good +++: Excellent
FCVs
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The FCV in Toyota’s vision of future global mobility
EVs: short-range; HVs & PHVs: general use; FCVs: medium- to long-range
Short-distance
commuter vehicles
Travel distance
Fuel Electricity Gasoline, diesel, biofuels, CNG, synthetic fuels, etc. Hydrogen
Home delivery
vehicles
EVs
HVs
PHVs
FC buses
FCV
passenger
vehicles
Ve
hic
le s
ize
Passenger cars
Route buses
Personal mobility
EVs
HVs/PHVs
FCVs
Home delivery trucks
Full-size trucks
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More than 20 years of development by Toyota
2008 Toyota FCHV-adv
Range and cold start
capabilities improved
2002 Toyota FCHV
World-first sale in US &
Japan
1996 FCEV
Fuel cell stack and
metal hydride hydrogen
tank
2001 FCHV-3
FC stack that achieves
increased power output
2001 FCHV-4
Testing begins on public
roads in Japan & US
2001 FCHV-5
Featuring an onboard
Clean Hydrocarbon Fuel
reformer
2011 FCV-R
Sedan version with 700
km of cruising range
(JC08 test cycle)
2013 FCV Concept
Concept version of FCV
model 2015
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What are the advantages of hydrogen?
H2
Can be obtained from a
variety of primary energy
sources
•From fossil fuels including
natural gas
•From unused sewage sludge
•From water, using renewable
energy sources such as solar or
wind power
High energy density
•Higher energy density than
batteries, and is easier to transport
and store
•Can be used to resolve uneven
distribution of regional energy, and
to compensate for fluctuations in
supply from renewable energy
sources
Wide range of uses
•Home or automotive fuel
and power generation
•Used for over 200 years
•Extremely light and
diffuses rapidly
Zero CO2
emissions
Zero CO2 emissions
during use
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What are the unique advantages of the Toyota FCV?
Refueling time
approx.
3 minutes
Fun to drive
smooth & quiet
superb
acceleration
High cruising
range
similar to the
one of a petrol
car
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Hawaii
Japan
Nordic Countries
Korea
France U.K.
China
Germany
Japan
Started construction of 19 sites in 2013;
approx. 100 sites planned 2015 (as stated
in Japan Reconstruction Strategy in July
2012)
U.K.
UK H2Mobility project
Vision of 65 stations
for basic national
coverage
Nordic Countries
MOU signed; hydrogen
promotion program developed
in Nordic countries
U.S.
H2USA established;
infrastructure construction
planned by DOE and private
companies
In operation Planned
Not in operation
Infrastructure development
expected from early 2015
California
20 sites by 2015 (plans for >40 sites by
2016, as stated in July 2012 CaFCP road
map)
Germany
50 sites by 2015 (as
stated in public-private
basic agreement in
2012;
400 sites by end 2023 –
H2 Mobility objective)
Northeast U.S.
Project started, aiming
for 100 sites by 2020
Infrastructure development
expected after 2015
U.S.
Where is hydrogen infrastructure being developed?
Several hundred hydrogen stations are planned by 2015 globally
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UK 15 stations intended by
end 2015 ; vision of 65
stations for basic
national coverage
State of infrastructure development in Europe
Germany 50 stations confirmed by
Q1 2016; 400 by end
2023 (H2 Mobility
objective)
Denmark 15 stations planned in
Denmark + motorway
coverage
*Copenhagen Hydrogen Network A/S
a fit-for-purpose JV between AirLiquide
and H2 Logic
At least 80 stations secured in key countries by the Q1 of 2016
CHN*
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Hybrid technology as core technology
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2014 figures: Jan.-Sep.
1997 1999 2001 2009 2011 2003 2005 2007 2013
An
nu
al sa
les (
mill
ion
s)
1.2
1.4
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Cum
ula
tive
sa
les (
mill
ion
)
3 million units
2 million units
1 million units
4 million units
5 million units
6 million units
2014
Popularizing hybrids also took time
Global hybrid
sales milestones
• 2012 1 million
units sold
annually for the
first time
• Sep. 2015 Cumulative sales
passed 8 million
units
7 million units
8 million units
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Design Production technology
Limited sales
Mass production
Resolve technical issues
Market entry Widespread use
Reduce cost
Achieving widespread use of FCVs in the future
Costs down to 5% of FCHV-adv costs
(by 2015)
Further cost
reductions
FCHV-adv 2008
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The role of hydrogen in a sustainable society
EVs/PHVs
Electricity
storage
facilities Thermal
power
generation
Power generation units
Automotive fuel
Hydrogen
tanks
Biomass
Wastewater
Photovoltaic
generation
Wind power
Renewable
Energy
Fossil Fuels Electricity Grid
Hydrogen Grid
Hydrogen-Electricity Conversion
High-volume,
long-term storage
Electrolysis
Industry
FCV passenger
vehicles/FC buses
Urban/
residential
HVs
Refineries/chemical plants
Chemical
plants
Urban/
residential
Urban/
residential
Energy Flow
Electricity
Hydrogen
Fossil fuels
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Achieving widespread use of FCVs in the future
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…. we already move ahead on the road to a
sustainable mobility…..
Thank you very much
for your attention!
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